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Aklat Interchange - Itaas na Intermediate - Yunit 7 - Bahagi 2

Here you will find the vocabulary from Unit 7 - Part 2 in the Interchange Upper-Intermediate coursebook, such as "vocational", "accountable", "estimate", etc.

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Simulan ang pag-aaral
Interchange - Upper-intermediate
to create
[Pandiwa]

to bring something into existence or make something happen

lumikha, magtatag

lumikha, magtatag

Ex: The artist decided to create a sculpture from marble .Nagpasya ang artista na **gumawa** ng iskultura mula sa marmol.
to reduce
[Pandiwa]

to make something smaller in amount, degree, price, etc.

bawasan, pababain

bawasan, pababain

Ex: The chef suggested using alternative ingredients to reduce the calorie content of the dish .Iminungkahi ng chef ang paggamit ng mga alternatibong sangkap upang **bawasan** ang calorie content ng ulam.
homeless
[Pangngalan]

someone who does not have a place to live in and so lives on the streets

walang tahanan, walang bahay

walang tahanan, walang bahay

Ex: He spoke out about the challenges faced by the homeless.Nagsalita siya tungkol sa mga hamon na kinakaharap ng **mga walang tirahan**.
to improve
[Pandiwa]

to make a person or thing better

pagbutihin, pahusayin

pagbutihin, pahusayin

Ex: She took workshops to improve her language skills for career advancement .Sumali siya sa mga workshop upang **mapabuti** ang kanyang mga kasanayan sa wika para sa pag-unlad ng karera.
to provide
[Pandiwa]

to give someone what is needed or necessary

magbigay, magkaloob

magbigay, magkaloob

Ex: The community center provides after-school programs and activities for children .Ang community center ay **nagbibigay** ng mga programa at aktibidad pagkatapos ng paaralan para sa mga bata.
affordable
[pang-uri]

having a price that a person can pay without experiencing financial difficulties

abot-kaya, kaya ng bulsa

abot-kaya, kaya ng bulsa

Ex: The online retailer specializes in affordable electronic gadgets and accessories .Ang online retailer ay dalubhasa sa mga **abot-kayang** electronic gadget at accessories.
politician
[Pangngalan]

someone who works in the government or a law-making organization

politiko, mambabatas

politiko, mambabatas

Ex: Voters expect honesty from their politicians.Inaasahan ng mga botante ang katapatan mula sa kanilang mga **politiko**.
accountable
[pang-uri]

responsible for one's actions and prepared to explain them

may pananagutan, na dapat magpaliwanag

may pananagutan, na dapat magpaliwanag

Ex: Athletes are held accountable for their actions both on and off the field .Ang mga atleta ay **pananagutan** para sa kanilang mga aksyon pareho sa loob at labas ng field.
vocational
[pang-uri]

involving the necessary knowledge or skills for a certain occupation

bokasyonal, panghanapbuhay

bokasyonal, panghanapbuhay

Ex: Vocational qualifications demonstrate proficiency in specialized fields .Ang mga kwalipikasyong **bokasyonal** ay nagpapakita ng kasanayan sa mga dalubhasang larangan.
to increase
[Pandiwa]

to become larger in amount or size

tumawas,  lumaki

tumawas, lumaki

Ex: During rush hour , traffic congestion tends to increase on the main roads .Sa oras ng rush hour, ang traffic congestion ay may tendensyang **tumaa** sa mga pangunahing kalsada.
shelter
[Pangngalan]

a place or building that is meant to provide protection against danger or bad weather

kanlungan, silungan

kanlungan, silungan

Ex: The soldiers constructed a shelter to rest for the night .Ang mga sundalo ay nagtayo ng **kanlungan** upang magpahinga sa gabi.
deforestation
[Pangngalan]

the extensive removal of forests, typically causing environmental damage

pagkalbo ng kagubatan, pagtrotroso

pagkalbo ng kagubatan, pagtrotroso

Ex: Activists are protesting against companies responsible for massive deforestation.Nagproprotesta ang mga aktibista laban sa mga kumpanyang responsable sa malawakang **deforestation**.
crime
[Pangngalan]

an unlawful act that is punishable by the legal system

krimen,  kasalanan

krimen, kasalanan

Ex: The increase in violent crime has made residents feel unsafe .Ang pagtaas ng marahas na **krimen** ay nagpafeeling unsafe sa mga residente.
mobility
[Pangngalan]

the ability to move easily or be freely moved from one place, job, etc. to another

pagkilos, kakayahang lumipat

pagkilos, kakayahang lumipat

Ex: The region 's economic growth is partially due to the mobility of its labor force .Ang paglago ng ekonomiya ng rehiyon ay bahagyang dahil sa **pagkilos** ng kanyang lakas-paggawa.
junk food
[Pangngalan]

unhealthy food, containing a lot of fat, sugar, etc.

junk food, pagkain na hindi masustansiya

junk food, pagkain na hindi masustansiya

Ex: The party had a lot of junk food, so it was hard to stick to my diet .Ang party ay maraming **junk food**, kaya mahirap sundin ang aking diet.
invasion
[Pangngalan]

the act of invading or entering a territory, country, or region by force or without permission, often with the intent to control or dominate the area and its inhabitants

pagsalakay, pananakop

pagsalakay, pananakop

Ex: The historical invasion of the Roman Empire reshaped the landscape of Europe .Ang makasaysayang **pagsalakay** ng Imperyong Romano ay muling humubog sa tanawin ng Europa.
destructive
[pang-uri]

causing a lot of damage or harm

nakasisira, mapanira

nakasisira, mapanira

Ex: Her destructive habits of procrastination hindered her academic success .Ang kanyang **mapanira** na mga gawi ng pagpapaliban ay humadlang sa kanyang tagumpay sa akademya.
planet
[Pangngalan]

a huge round object that moves in an orbit, around the sun, or any other star

planeta, astronomikal na bagay

planeta, astronomikal na bagay

Ex: Saturn 's rings make it one of the most visually striking planets in our solar system .Ang mga singsing ng Saturno ang nagpapadito sa isa sa pinakamagandang **planeta** sa ating solar system.
particularly
[pang-abay]

in a manner that emphasizes a specific aspect or detail

lalo na, partikular

lalo na, partikular

Ex: I appreciate all forms of art , but I am particularly drawn to abstract paintings .Pinahahalagahan ko ang lahat ng anyo ng sining, ngunit ako ay **lalo na** naaakit sa mga abstract na painting.
serious
[pang-uri]

needing attention and action because of possible danger or risk

malubha, seryoso

malubha, seryoso

Ex: The storm caused serious damage to the homes in the area .Ang bagyo ay nagdulot ng **malubhang** pinsala sa mga bahay sa lugar.
dramatically
[pang-abay]

to a significantly large extent or by a considerable amount

nang malaki, nang husto

nang malaki, nang husto

Ex: Her mood shifted dramatically within minutes .Ang kanyang mood ay nagbago **nang malaki** sa loob ng ilang minuto.
a great deal
[Parirala]

to a large extent

Ex: She a great deal about her family 's well-being .
ecosystem
[Pangngalan]

a community of living organisms together with their physical environment, interacting as a system

ekosistema, sistemang ekolohikal

ekosistema, sistemang ekolohikal

Ex: Climate change poses a major threat to many fragile ecosystems.Ang pagbabago ng klima ay nagdudulot ng malaking banta sa maraming marupok na **ecosystem**.
against
[Preposisyon]

in opposition to someone or something

laban sa

laban sa

Ex: We must protect the environment against pollution .Dapat nating protektahan ang kapaligiran **laban sa** polusyon.
species
[Pangngalan]

a group that animals, plants, etc. of the same type which are capable of producing healthy offspring with each other are divided into

uri, mga uri

uri, mga uri

Ex: The monarch butterfly is a species of butterfly that migrates thousands of miles each year .Ang monarch butterfly ay isang **uri** ng paruparo na naglalakbay ng libu-libong milya bawat taon.
to dive
[Pandiwa]

to jump into water, usually hands and head first

sumisid, tumalon

sumisid, tumalon

Ex: The penguins dived into the icy water for food.Ang mga penguin ay **sumisid** sa malamig na tubig para sa pagkain.
to explore
[Pandiwa]

to visit places one has never seen before

tuklasin, galugarin

tuklasin, galugarin

Ex: Last summer , they explored the historic landmarks of the European cities .Noong nakaraang tag-araw, **nag-eksplora** sila ng mga makasaysayang landmark ng mga lungsod sa Europa.
extensive
[pang-uri]

covering a large area

malawak, malaki

malawak, malaki

Ex: Japan 's extensive rail network allows for efficient travel across the country .Ang **malawak** na network ng tren ng Hapon ay nagbibigay-daan sa mahusay na paglalakbay sa buong bansa.
coral
[Pangngalan]

a hard, often pink or red substance produced by marine invertebrates, used in jewelry and ornaments

korales

korales

Ex: She wore a necklace made from polished Mediterranean coral.Suot niya ang isang kuwintas na gawa sa pinakintab na Mediterranean **coral**.
reef
[Pangngalan]

a ridge of rock or a line of sand near the surface of a body of water

bahura, bariyera ng koral

bahura, bariyera ng koral

lionfish
[Pangngalan]

a type of fish with long, colorful spines on its body, which is typically found in warm waters and can be dangerous to humans

isdang leon, isda na may pakpak

isdang leon, isda na may pakpak

to estimate
[Pandiwa]

to guess the value, number, quantity, size, etc. of something without exact calculation

tantiyahin, hatiin

tantiyahin, hatiin

Ex: We need to estimate the total expenses for the event before planning the budget .Kailangan naming **tantiyahin** ang kabuuang gastos para sa kaganapan bago planuhin ang badyet.
to reproduce
[Pandiwa]

(of a living being) to produce offspring or more of itself

magparami, mag-anak

magparami, mag-anak

Ex: Certain species reproduce asexually , without the need for a mate .Ang ilang mga species ay **nagpaparami** nang walang asekswal, nang hindi kailangan ng kapareha.
trap
[Pangngalan]

an object that can be used to catch an animal

bitag, patibong

bitag, patibong

Ex: The trap had to be carefully set to work properly .Ang **bitag** ay kailangang maingat na itakda upang gumana nang maayos.
poison
[Pangngalan]

a deadly substance that can kill or seriously harm if it enters the body

lason, kamandag

lason, kamandag

Ex: The bottle was clearly labeled as containing a dangerous poison.Ang bote ay malinaw na may label na naglalaman ng mapanganib na **lason**.
poisonous
[pang-uri]

(of an animal or insect) producing a substance that kills or harms a prey or an enemy

makamandag, nakalalason

makamandag, nakalalason

Ex: The poisonous snake 's bite can be fatal if not treated promptly .Ang kagat ng ahas na **lason** ay maaaring nakamamatay kung hindi agad gamutin.
population
[Pangngalan]

the number of people who live in a particular city or country

populasyon

populasyon

Ex: The government implemented measures to control the population growth.Ang pamahalaan ay nagpatupad ng mga hakbang upang makontrol ang paglaki ng **populasyon**.
to hunt
[Pandiwa]

to pursue wild animals in order to kill or catch them, for sport or food

manghuli, habulin

manghuli, habulin

Ex: We must respect wildlife conservation laws and not hunt protected species.Dapat nating igalang ang mga batas sa konserbasyon ng wildlife at hindi **manghuli** ng mga protektadong species.
sting
[Pangngalan]

a painful infliction caused by a small sharp and pointed organ that some insects have and use to penetrate the prey and inject poison

kagat, tibo

kagat, tibo

Ex: The sting was so painful that she had to apply a cold compress immediately .Ang **kagat** ay napakasakit na kailangan niyang maglagay ng malamig na compress kaagad.
unwelcome
[pang-uri]

not receiving a warm or friendly reception

hindi kanais-nais, hindi tinatanggap nang mabuti

hindi kanais-nais, hindi tinatanggap nang mabuti

unforgettable
[pang-uri]

so memorable that being forgotten is impossible

hindi malilimutan, maaalala

hindi malilimutan, maaalala

Ex: The unforgettable moment when they first met remained etched in their memories forever .
to treat
[Pandiwa]

to provide medical care such as medicine or therapy to heal injuries, illnesses, or wounds and make someone better

gamutin, alagaan

gamutin, alagaan

Ex: Dermatologists may recommend creams or ointments to treat skin conditions .Maaaring irekomenda ng mga dermatologist ang mga cream o ointment para **gamutin** ang mga kondisyon ng balat.
to multiply
[Pandiwa]

to significantly increase in quantity

paramihin, dagdagan

paramihin, dagdagan

Ex: When conditions are favorable , crops can multiply quickly .Kapag ang mga kondisyon ay kanais-nais, ang mga pananim ay maaaring **dumami** nang mabilis.
unable
[pang-uri]

being incapable of or lacking the skill, means, etc. necessary for doing something

hindi makakaya, walang kakayahan

hindi makakaya, walang kakayahan

Ex: She apologized for being unable to fulfill her promise due to unforeseen circumstances .Humihingi siya ng paumanhin dahil **hindi niya nagawa** ang kanyang pangako dahil sa mga hindi inaasahang pangyayari.
to protect
[Pandiwa]

to prevent someone or something from being damaged or harmed

protektahan, ingatan

protektahan, ingatan

Ex: Troops have been sent to protect aid workers against attack .Ang mga tropa ay ipinadala upang **protektahan** ang mga aid worker laban sa atake.
Aklat Interchange - Itaas na Intermediate
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