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Matematika at Lohika SAT - Geometry

Dito ay matututunan mo ang ilang mga salitang Ingles na may kaugnayan sa geometry, tulad ng "radian", "parabola", "asymptote", atbp. na kakailanganin mo upang pumasa sa iyong SATs.

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SAT Vocabulary for Math and Logic
slope
[Pangngalan]

the measure of how steep a line is, found by dividing the change in height by the change in horizontal distance

dalisdis

dalisdis

Ex: When graphing data , the slope indicates the rate of change between variables .Kapag nag-graph ng data, ang **slope** ay nagpapahiwatig ng rate ng pagbabago sa pagitan ng mga variable.
arc
[Pangngalan]

(geometry) a part of a circle, which is curved

arko, bahagi ng bilog

arko, bahagi ng bilog

Ex: When measuring an arc, it is important to identify the center of the circle .Kapag sumusukat ng **arko**, mahalagang matukoy ang gitna ng bilog.
angle
[Pangngalan]

the space between two lines or surfaces that are joined, measured in degrees or radians

anggulo, anggulo (sukat)

anggulo, anggulo (sukat)

Ex: Understanding different angles is essential in geometry for solving problems .Ang pag-unawa sa iba't ibang **anggulo** ay mahalaga sa geometry para sa paglutas ng mga problema.
radian
[Pangngalan]

a unit for measuring angles, defined by the angle made when the radius of a circle is laid along its edge

radian, isang yunit para sa pagsukat ng mga anggulo

radian, isang yunit para sa pagsukat ng mga anggulo

Ex: Knowing the relationship between degrees and radians is essential for trigonometry .Ang pag-alam sa relasyon sa pagitan ng degrees at **radians** ay mahalaga para sa trigonometry.
right angle
[Pangngalan]

an angle measuring exactly 90 degrees

tamang anggulo, anggulo na 90 degrees

tamang anggulo, anggulo na 90 degrees

Ex: The carpenter adjusted the miter saw to cut the molding at a perfect right angle for seamless installation .Inayos ng karpintero ang miter saw para putulin ang molding sa isang perpektong **right angle** para sa seamless na pag-install.
acute angle
[Pangngalan]

an angle that measures between 0 and 90 degrees, which is less than a right angle (90 degrees)

talamak na anggulo, anggulo na mas mababa sa 90 degrees

talamak na anggulo, anggulo na mas mababa sa 90 degrees

vertical angle
[Pangngalan]

one of a pair of opposite angles made by two intersecting lines, which are always equal

patayong anggulo, magkasalungat na anggulo

patayong anggulo, magkasalungat na anggulo

Ex: If one vertical angle is 45 degrees , the opposite vertical angle must also be 45 degrees .Kung ang isang **vertical angle** ay 45 degrees, ang kabaligtaran na vertical angle ay dapat ding 45 degrees.
consecutive angle
[Pangngalan]

pairs of angles that share a common side and vertex in a polygon or between intersecting lines

magkakasunod na anggulo, magkatabing anggulo

magkakasunod na anggulo, magkatabing anggulo

Ex: A regular polygon has equal consecutive angles, each angle having the same measure .Ang isang regular na polygon ay may pantay na **magkakasunod na anggulo**, bawat anggulo ay may parehong sukat.
polygon
[Pangngalan]

(geometry) a flat shape consisting of three or more straight sides

polygon, hugis na binubuo ng tatlo o higit pang tuwid na gilid

polygon, hugis na binubuo ng tatlo o higit pang tuwid na gilid

Ex: Polygons can be classified based on the number of their sides , such as pentagons and hexagons .Ang mga **polygon** ay maaaring uriin batay sa bilang ng kanilang mga gilid, tulad ng pentagons at hexagons.
parallelogram
[Pangngalan]

(geometry) any flat shape with four straight sides, the opposite sides of which are equal and parallel to each other

paralelogramo, anumang patag na hugis na may apat na tuwid na gilid

paralelogramo, anumang patag na hugis na may apat na tuwid na gilid

quadrilateral
[Pangngalan]

(geometry) a flat figure with four straight sides and four angles

parihaba, pigura na may apat na gilid

parihaba, pigura na may apat na gilid

hyperbola
[Pangngalan]

a geometric curve formed by the intersection of a plane with two cones, resulting in two symmetrical branches

hyperbola, hyperbolic curve

hyperbola, hyperbolic curve

Ex: Hyperbolas find applications in engineering, particularly in the design of antennas and satellite orbits.Ang **hyperbolas** ay may mga aplikasyon sa engineering, lalo na sa disenyo ng mga antenna at satellite orbits.
parabola
[Pangngalan]

(geometry) a symmetrical open curve that is similar to the path of an object thrown into the air passes till it falls back to earth

parabola, parabolikong kurba

parabola, parabolikong kurba

Ex: The quadratic function ’s graph is always a parabola.Ang graph ng quadratic function ay palaging isang **parabola**.
rhombus
[Pangngalan]

(geometry) a flat shape with four equal sides in which opposite angles are equal

rombo, losanggo

rombo, losanggo

pentagon
[Pangngalan]

a geometric shape with five angles and five straight sides

pentagono, hugis na may limang gilid

pentagono, hugis na may limang gilid

Ex: She drew a pentagon on the chalkboard to illustrate its shape to the students .Gumuhit siya ng **pentagon** sa pisara upang ilarawan ang hugis nito sa mga estudyante.
tetrahedron
[Pangngalan]

(geometry) a polyhedron with four flat sides, a triangular pyramid

tetrahedron, triangular na pyramid

tetrahedron, triangular na pyramid

trapezoid
[Pangngalan]

(geometry) a flat shape with four flat sides, two of which are parallel

trapezoid, trapisiyum

trapezoid, trapisiyum

a type of triangle with all three sides of equal length

pantay na tatsulok, pantay na tatsulok

pantay na tatsulok, pantay na tatsulok

Ex: The traffic sign warned of an upcoming intersection with an equilateral triangle symbol .Ang traffic sign ay nagbabala ng isang paparating na intersection na may simbolo ng **equilateral triangle**.
right triangle
[Pangngalan]

a flat geometric shape consisting of three straight sides and one right angle

tatsulok na right angle, tatsulok na may tamang anggulo

tatsulok na right angle, tatsulok na may tamang anggulo

acute triangle
[Pangngalan]

a triangle in which all three interior angles are less than 90 degrees

tatsihang tatsulok, talasok na tatsulok

tatsihang tatsulok, talasok na tatsulok

Ex: When constructing an acute triangle, ensure that the sum of any two angles is greater than the third angle .Kapag gumagawa ng **acute triangle**, siguraduhin na ang kabuuan ng alinmang dalawang anggulo ay mas malaki kaysa sa ikatlong anggulo.
isosceles triangle
[Pangngalan]

a type of triangle that has two sides of equal length and two angles of equal measure

tatsulok na isosceles

tatsulok na isosceles

Ex: The sum of the interior angles of an isosceles triangle is always 180 degrees .Ang kabuuan ng mga panloob na anggulo ng isang **isosceles triangle** ay laging 180 degrees.
scalene triangle
[Pangngalan]

a type of triangle that has all three sides of different lengths

tatsulok na scalene, tatsulok na may magkakaibang haba ng gilid

tatsulok na scalene, tatsulok na may magkakaibang haba ng gilid

Ex: The roof of the house had a distinct scalene triangle design .Ang bubong ng bahay ay may natatanging disenyo ng **scalene triangle**.
obtuse triangle
[Pangngalan]

a triangle in which one of the interior angles is greater than 90 degrees

tatsihang obtuse, tatsihang may isang anggulong higit sa 90 degrees

tatsihang obtuse, tatsihang may isang anggulong higit sa 90 degrees

Ex: The properties of an obtuse triangle make it distinct in various geometric applications .Ang mga katangian ng isang **obtuse triangle** ay ginagawa itong natatangi sa iba't ibang geometric na aplikasyon.

a three-dimensional geometric shape that has a rectangular base and four triangular faces that meet at a single point called the apex

parihabang pyramid, pyramid na may parihabang base

parihabang pyramid, pyramid na may parihabang base

Ex: The height of a rectangular pyramid is measured from the apex perpendicular to the center of the rectangular base .Ang taas ng isang **parihabang pyramid** ay sinusukat mula sa tuktok patayo sa gitna ng parihabang base.

a three-dimensional geometric shape with two parallel circular bases connected by a curved surface at a right angle to the bases

tamang pabilog na silindro, silindro na may pabilog na base sa tamang anggulo

tamang pabilog na silindro, silindro na may pabilog na base sa tamang anggulo

Ex: The sculpture featured a series of right circular cylinders of varying heights and radii stacked on top of each other .Ang iskultura ay nagtatampok ng isang serye ng **tamang pabilog na silindro** na may iba't ibang taas at radii na nakatambak sa ibabaw ng bawat isa.

a solid figure with a circular base and a vertex that is perpendicular to the center of the base

tamang pabilog na kono, tamang kono na may pabilog na base

tamang pabilog na kono, tamang kono na may pabilog na base

Ex: The slant height of a right circular cone can be found using the Pythagorean theorem if the radius and the height are known .Ang slant height ng isang **right circular cone** ay matatagpuan gamit ang Pythagorean theorem kung ang radius at ang height ay kilala.
epicycle
[Pangngalan]

a small circle whose center moves around the circumference of a larger circle

episiklo, pangalawang bilog

episiklo, pangalawang bilog

Ex: When the center of the epicycle moves along the circumference of the deferent, the resulting path of a point on the epicycle is known as an epicycloid.Kapag ang sentro ng **epicycle** ay gumagalaw sa kahabaan ng circumference ng deferent, ang nagreresultang landas ng isang punto sa epicycle ay kilala bilang epicycloid.
hypotenuse
[Pangngalan]

the longest side of a right-angled triangle, opposite the right angle, and defined as the side opposite the right angle in a right-angled triangle

hypotenuse, ang pinakamahabang gilid ng isang right-angled triangle

hypotenuse, ang pinakamahabang gilid ng isang right-angled triangle

Ex: Trigonometric ratios like sine , cosine , and tangent involve the relationship between the sides of a right triangle , including the hypotenuse.Ang mga trigonometric ratios tulad ng sine, cosine, at tangent ay may kinalaman sa relasyon sa pagitan ng mga gilid ng isang right triangle, kasama ang **hypotenuse**.
base
[Pangngalan]

the side of a geometric shape, usually the one considered as the bottom, from which the height is measured

base, gilid ng base

base, gilid ng base

Ex: For calculating the volume of a pyramid , you need to know the area of the base and the height .Para sa pagkalkula ng volume ng isang pyramid, kailangan mong malaman ang area ng **base** at ang taas.
diameter
[Pangngalan]

a straight line from one side of a round object, particularly a circle, passing through the center and joining the other side

diyametro, diameter

diyametro, diameter

Ex: The technician used a caliper to determine the diameter of the bearings needed for the machinery repair .Ginamit ng technician ang isang caliper upang matukoy ang **diameter** ng mga bearings na kailangan para sa pag-aayos ng makina.
radius
[Pangngalan]

the length of a straight line drawn from the center of a circle to any point on its outer boundary

radius, kalahating diameter

radius, kalahating diameter

Ex: The radius of a planet determines its gravitational influence and orbital characteristics within a solar system .Ang **radius** ng isang planeta ay tumutukoy sa gravitational influence nito at orbital characteristics sa loob ng isang solar system.
vertex
[Pangngalan]

a point where two or more lines, edges, or rays meet to form an angle, or the point at which the sides of a polygon intersect

tuktok, vertex

tuktok, vertex

Ex: In a cube , each of the eight corners is a vertex formed by the meeting of three edges .Sa isang kubo, bawat isa sa walong sulok ay isang **vertex** na nabuo sa pamamagitan ng pagtatagpo ng tatlong gilid.
perimeter
[Pangngalan]

the total length of the external boundary of something

perimetro

perimetro

Ex: The science project required students to build a model volcano and measure the perimeter of its base for stability analysis .Ang proyektong pang-agham ay nangangailangan ng mga mag-aaral na bumuo ng isang modelo ng bulkan at sukatin ang **perimeter** ng base nito para sa pagsusuri ng katatagan.
circumference
[Pangngalan]

(geometry) the length of the external boundary of a curved shape, especially a circle

sirkumperensya

sirkumperensya

Ex: The mathematician used the circumference to solve the geometry problem .Ginamit ng matematiko ang **sirkumperensya** upang malutas ang problema sa geometry.
area
[Pangngalan]

the measurement of a piece of land or a flat surface

lugar

lugar

Ex: The area can be expressed in square units , such as square meters or square feet .Ang **area** ay maaaring ipahayag sa square units, tulad ng square meters o square feet.
surface area
[Pangngalan]

the total area that the surface of a three-dimensional object occupies

lawak ng ibabaw,  ibabaw

lawak ng ibabaw, ibabaw

Ex: Understanding surface area is essential for packaging design to minimize material use .Ang pag-unawa sa **surface area** ay mahalaga para sa disenyo ng packaging upang mabawasan ang paggamit ng materyales.
volume
[Pangngalan]

the amount of space that a substance or object takes or the amount of space inside an object

dami, kapasidad

dami, kapasidad

Ex: The volume of water in the tank is monitored regularly .Ang **dami** ng tubig sa tangke ay regular na minomonitor.
asymptote
[Pangngalan]

a straight line that a curve approaches indefinitely but never intersects, characterizing the limiting behavior of the curve

asintota, linyang asintotiko

asintota, linyang asintotiko

Ex: Exponential functions may exhibit horizontal asymptotes, indicating stability in the long run .Ang mga exponential function ay maaaring magpakita ng mga pahalang na **asymptote**, na nagpapahiwatig ng katatagan sa katagalan.
tangent
[Pangngalan]

a straight line that touches a curve or surface at exactly one point, known as the point of tangency

tangent, linyang tangent

tangent, linyang tangent

Ex: The artist 's sketch showed a spiral with multiple tangent lines , illustrating the various points of contact .Ang sketch ng artista ay nagpakita ng isang spiral na may maraming **tangent** na linya, na naglalarawan ng iba't ibang punto ng contact.
protractor
[Pangngalan]

a measuring instrument used to measure and draw angles

protractor, panukat ng anggulo

protractor, panukat ng anggulo

Ex: The engineer used a protractor to measure the angle of the roof in the blueprint .Ginamit ng engineer ang **protractor** para sukatin ang anggulo ng bubong sa blueprint.
line of symmetry
[Pangngalan]

a line that divides a shape into two congruent parts

linya ng simetriya, aksis ng simetriya

linya ng simetriya, aksis ng simetriya

Ex: The butterfly 's wings have a line of symmetry running along its body , making each wing a mirror image of the other .Ang mga pakpak ng paru-paro ay may **linya ng simetriya** na tumatakbo sa kahabaan ng katawan nito, na ginagawang salamin ang bawat pakpak ng isa't isa.
geometric series
[Pangngalan]

a series of numbers in which each term after the first is found by multiplying the previous term by a fixed, non-zero number

seryeng heometriko, pagkakasunod-sunod na heometriko

seryeng heometriko, pagkakasunod-sunod na heometriko

Ex: In a geometric series, if the common ratio is greater than 1 , the series will diverge .Sa isang **geometric series**, kung ang common ratio ay mas malaki sa 1, ang serye ay magdi-diverge.
quadrant
[Pangngalan]

one-fourth of a circle, formed by two perpendicular radii and the connecting arc

kuwadrante, isang-kapat ng bilog

kuwadrante, isang-kapat ng bilog

Ex: The quadrant shape is often used in various engineering and architectural designs.Ang hugis ng **quadrant** ay madalas na ginagamit sa iba't ibang disenyo ng engineering at arkitektura.
interior angle
[Pangngalan]

an angle formed between two sides of a polygon that lies inside the shape

panloob na anggulo, anggulo sa loob

panloob na anggulo, anggulo sa loob

Ex: The interior angles of an octagon sum up to 1080 degrees .Ang mga **panloob na anggulo** ng isang octagon ay nagdaragdag ng hanggang 1080 degrees.
ellipse
[Pangngalan]

(geometry) a closed plane curve that has two focal points

elipse, kurba eliptiko

elipse, kurba eliptiko

chord
[Pangngalan]

a straight line segment that connects two points on the edge of a circle

kuwerdas, akord

kuwerdas, akord

Ex: The radius of a circle bisects any chord that it is perpendicular to .Ang radius ng isang bilog ay hinahati ang anumang **kuwerdas** na patayo dito.
diagonal
[pang-uri]

(of a straight line) joining opposite corners of a flat shape at an angle

dayagonal

dayagonal

Ex: The designer added a bold diagonal stripe that extended from the top left corner to the bottom right corner of the canvas .Ang designer ay nagdagdag ng isang bold na **diagonal** na guhit na umaabot mula sa itaas na kaliwang sulok hanggang sa ibabang kanang sulok ng canvas.
congruent
[pang-uri]

(in geometry) describing shapes of the same size and form

magkatugma, magkapareho

magkatugma, magkapareho

Ex: The two triangles are congruent because they have the same shape and size.Ang dalawang tatsulok ay **magkapareho** dahil pareho ang kanilang hugis at sukat.
parallel
[pang-uri]

having an equal distance from each other at every point

parallel, pantay ang layo

parallel, pantay ang layo

Ex: The railroad tracks are parallel to each other .Ang mga riles ng tren ay **magkatulad** sa bawat isa.
transversal
[pang-uri]

(of a line) intersecting two or more other lines at different points

transbersal, nagsasalubong

transbersal, nagsasalubong

Ex: The transversal beams supported the structure at different angles .Ang mga **transbersal** na beam ay sumuporta sa istraktura sa iba't ibang anggulo.
perpendicular
[pang-uri]

(of lines or planes) intersecting each other at a 90 degree angle

patayo, sa 90 degree na anggulo

patayo, sa 90 degree na anggulo

Ex: The artist drew a perpendicular line from the edge of the canvas to start his sketch .Ang artista ay gumuhit ng **patayo** na linya mula sa gilid ng canvas upang simulan ang kanyang sketch.
to bisect
[Pandiwa]

to divide something into two equal parts

hatiin sa dalawang pantay na bahagi, putulin sa dalawang magkapantay na bahagi

hatiin sa dalawang pantay na bahagi, putulin sa dalawang magkapantay na bahagi

Ex: He used a saw to bisect the wooden plank for the woodworking project .Gumamit siya ng lagari upang **hatiin** ang kahoy na tabla para sa proyektong karpinterya.
to translate
[Pandiwa]

(geometry) to move a shape or figure from one position to another without rotating, resizing, or otherwise altering its shape

ilipat, galawin

ilipat, galawin

Ex: In geometry, to translate a shape means to slide it horizontally, vertically, or both, without altering its orientation.Sa geometry, ang **pag-translate** ng isang hugis ay nangangahulugang pag-slide nito nang pahalang, patayo, o pareho, nang hindi binabago ang oryentasyon nito.
asymmetry
[Pangngalan]

(geometry) a lack of symmetry or equivalence in shape or size between the two sides or parts of something

asimetriya

asimetriya

Ex: Studying asymmetry helps in understanding how shapes differ from being perfectly symmetrical .Ang pag-aaral ng **asymmetry** ay tumutulong sa pag-unawa kung paano nagkakaiba ang mga hugis sa pagiging perpektong simetriko.
Matematika at Lohika SAT
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