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Matematika a Logika SAT - Geometry

Zde se naučíte některá anglická slova související s geometrií, jako je „radián“, „parabola“, „asymptota“ atd., která budete potřebovat, abyste zvládli své SAT.

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SAT Vocabulary for Math and Logic
slope

the measure of how steep a line is, found by dividing the change in height by the change in horizontal distance

sklon

sklon

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[Podstatné jméno]
arc

(geometry) a part of a circle, which is curved

oblouk

oblouk

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[Podstatné jméno]
angle

the space between two lines or surfaces that are joined, measured in degrees or radians

úhel

úhel

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[Podstatné jméno]
radian

a unit for measuring angles, defined by the angle made when the radius of a circle is laid along its edge

radian

radian

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[Podstatné jméno]
right angle

an angle measuring exactly 90 degrees

pravý úhel

pravý úhel

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acute angle

an angle that measures between 0 and 90 degrees, which is less than a right angle (90 degrees)

ostrý úhel

ostrý úhel

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[Podstatné jméno]
vertical angle

one of a pair of opposite angles made by two intersecting lines, which are always equal

vertikální úhel

vertikální úhel

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consecutive angle

pairs of angles that share a common side and vertex in a polygon or between intersecting lines

následný úhel

následný úhel

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[Podstatné jméno]
polygon

(geometry) a flat shape consisting of three or more straight sides

polygon

polygon

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[Podstatné jméno]
parallelogram

(geometry) any flat shape with four straight sides, the opposite sides of which are equal and parallel to each other

paralelogram

paralelogram

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[Podstatné jméno]
quadrilateral

(geometry) a flat figure with four straight sides and four angles

čtyřúhelník

čtyřúhelník

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[Podstatné jméno]
hyperbola

a geometric curve formed by the intersection of a plane with two cones, resulting in two symmetrical branches

hyperbola

hyperbola

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parabola

(geometry) a symmetrical open curve that is similar to the path of an object thrown into the air passes till it falls back to earth

parabola

parabola

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rhombus

(geometry) a flat shape with four equal sides in which opposite angles are equal

romb

romb

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pentagon

a geometric shape with five angles and five straight sides

pětiúhelník

pětiúhelník

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tetrahedron

(geometry) a polyhedron with four flat sides, a triangular pyramid

tetrahedron

tetrahedron

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trapezoid

(geometry) a flat shape with four flat sides, two of which are parallel

trapéz

trapéz

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equilateral triangle

a type of triangle with all three sides of equal length

rovnostranný trojúhelník

rovnostranný trojúhelník

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right triangle

a flat geometric shape consisting of three straight sides and one right angle

pravouhlý trojúhelník

pravouhlý trojúhelník

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acute triangle

a triangle in which all three interior angles are less than 90 degrees

ostrý trojúhelník

ostrý trojúhelník

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isosceles triangle

a type of triangle that has two sides of equal length and two angles of equal measure

isosceles trojúhelník

isosceles trojúhelník

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scalene triangle

a type of triangle that has all three sides of different lengths

nesymetrický trojúhelník

nesymetrický trojúhelník

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obtuse triangle

a triangle in which one of the interior angles is greater than 90 degrees

tupý trojúhelník

tupý trojúhelník

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rectangular pyramid

a three-dimensional geometric shape that has a rectangular base and four triangular faces that meet at a single point called the apex

obdélníková pyramida

obdélníková pyramida

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[Podstatné jméno]
right circular cylinder

a three-dimensional geometric shape with two parallel circular bases connected by a curved surface at a right angle to the bases

pravoúhlý kruhový válec

pravoúhlý kruhový válec

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[Podstatné jméno]
right circular cone

a solid figure with a circular base and a vertex that is perpendicular to the center of the base

pravoúhlý kruhový kužel

pravoúhlý kruhový kužel

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[Podstatné jméno]
epicycle

a small circle whose center moves around the circumference of a larger circle

epicykl

epicykl

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hypotenuse

the longest side of a right-angled triangle, opposite the right angle, and defined as the side opposite the right angle in a right-angled triangle

přepona

přepona

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base

the side of a geometric shape, usually the one considered as the bottom, from which the height is measured

základna

základna

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diameter

a straight line from one side of a round object, particularly a circle, passing through the center and joining the other side

průměr

průměr

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radius

the length of a straight line drawn from the center of a circle to any point on its outer boundary

poloměr

poloměr

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vertex

a point where two or more lines, edges, or rays meet to form an angle, or the point at which the sides of a polygon intersect

vrchol

vrchol

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perimeter

the total length of the external boundary of something

obvod

obvod

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circumference

(geometry) the length of the external boundary of a curved shape, especially a circle

obvod

obvod

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area

the measurement of a piece of land or a flat surface

plocha

plocha

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surface area

the total area that the surface of a three-dimensional object occupies

povrchová plocha

povrchová plocha

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volume

the amount of space that a substance or object takes or the amount of space inside an object

objem

objem

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asymptote

a straight line that a curve approaches indefinitely but never intersects, characterizing the limiting behavior of the curve

asymptota

asymptota

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tangent

a straight line that touches a curve or surface at exactly one point, known as the point of tangency

tečna

tečna

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protractor

a measuring instrument used to measure and draw angles

protractor

protractor

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line of symmetry

a line that divides a shape into two congruent parts

osa symetrie

osa symetrie

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[Podstatné jméno]
geometric series

a series of numbers in which each term after the first is found by multiplying the previous term by a fixed, non-zero number

geometrická posloupnost

geometrická posloupnost

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quadrant

one-fourth of a circle, formed by two perpendicular radii and the connecting arc

kvadrant

kvadrant

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interior angle

an angle formed between two sides of a polygon that lies inside the shape

vnitřní úhel

vnitřní úhel

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ellipse

(geometry) a closed plane curve that has two focal points

elipsa

elipsa

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chord

a straight line segment that connects two points on the edge of a circle

chorda

chorda

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diagonal

(of a straight line) joining opposite corners of a flat shape at an angle

diagonální

diagonální

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[Přídavné jméno]
congruent

(in geometry) describing shapes of the same size and form

kongruentní

kongruentní

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parallel

having an equal distance from each other at every point

paralelní

paralelní

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[Přídavné jméno]
transversal

(of a line) intersecting two or more other lines at different points

transverzální

transverzální

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[Přídavné jméno]
perpendicular

(of lines or planes) intersecting each other at a 90 degree angle

kolmý

kolmý

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[Přídavné jméno]
to bisect

to divide something into two equal parts

bisekovat

bisekovat

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[sloveso]
to translate

(geometry) to move a shape or figure from one position to another without rotating, resizing, or otherwise altering its shape

translatovat

translatovat

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[sloveso]
asymmetry

(geometry) a lack of symmetry or equivalence in shape or size between the two sides or parts of something

asimetrie

asimetrie

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[Podstatné jméno]
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