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Matemáticas y Lógica SAT - Geometry

Aquí aprenderá algunas palabras en inglés relacionadas con la geometría, como "radián", "parábola", "asíntota", etc., que necesitará para aprobar sus exámenes SAT.

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SAT Vocabulary for Math and Logic
slope
[Sustantivo]

the measure of how steep a line is, found by dividing the change in height by the change in horizontal distance

pendiente, inclinación

pendiente, inclinación

Ex: When graphing data , slope indicates the rate of change between variables .
arc
[Sustantivo]

(geometry) a part of a circle, which is curved

arco

arco

Ex: When measuring arc, it is important to identify the center of the circle .
angle
[Sustantivo]

the space between two lines or surfaces that are joined, measured in degrees or radians

ángulo

ángulo

Ex: Understanding angles is essential in geometry for solving problems .
radian
[Sustantivo]

a unit for measuring angles, defined by the angle made when the radius of a circle is laid along its edge

radian, radián

radian, radián

right angle
[Sustantivo]

an angle measuring exactly 90 degrees

ángulo recto

ángulo recto

vertical angle
[Sustantivo]

one of a pair of opposite angles made by two intersecting lines, which are always equal

ángulo vertical, ángulo opuesto por el vértice

ángulo vertical, ángulo opuesto por el vértice

Ex: If one vertical angle is 45 degrees , the vertical angle must also be 45 degrees .
consecutive angle
[Sustantivo]

pairs of angles that share a common side and vertex in a polygon or between intersecting lines

ángulos consecutivos, ángulos adyacentes

ángulos consecutivos, ángulos adyacentes

polygon
[Sustantivo]

(geometry) a flat shape consisting of three or more straight sides

polígono

polígono

Ex: Polygons can be classified based on the number of their sides , such as pentagons and hexagons .
hyperbola
[Sustantivo]

a geometric curve formed by the intersection of a plane with two cones, resulting in two symmetrical branches

hipérbola, hipérbola matemática

hipérbola, hipérbola matemática

parabola
[Sustantivo]

(geometry) a symmetrical open curve that is similar to the path of an object thrown into the air passes till it falls back to earth

parábola

parábola

pentagon
[Sustantivo]

a geometric shape with five angles and five straight sides

pentágono

pentágono

a type of triangle with all three sides of equal length

triángulo equilátero, triángulo de lados iguales

triángulo equilátero, triángulo de lados iguales

acute triangle
[Sustantivo]

a triangle in which all three interior angles are less than 90 degrees

triángulo acutángulo, triángulo agudo

triángulo acutángulo, triángulo agudo

Ex: When constructing acute triangle, ensure that the sum of any two angles is greater than the third angle .
isosceles triangle
[Sustantivo]

a type of triangle that has two sides of equal length and two angles of equal measure

triángulo isósceles, triángulo isósceles (triángulo de dos lados iguales)

triángulo isósceles, triángulo isósceles (triángulo de dos lados iguales)

scalene triangle
[Sustantivo]

a type of triangle that has all three sides of different lengths

triángulo escaleno, triángulo desigüal

triángulo escaleno, triángulo desigüal

obtuse triangle
[Sustantivo]

a triangle in which one of the interior angles is greater than 90 degrees

triángulo obtuso, triángulo con ángulo obtuso

triángulo obtuso, triángulo con ángulo obtuso

a three-dimensional geometric shape that has a rectangular base and four triangular faces that meet at a single point called the apex

pirámide rectangular, pirámide de base rectangular

pirámide rectangular, pirámide de base rectangular

a three-dimensional geometric shape with two parallel circular bases connected by a curved surface at a right angle to the bases

cilindro circular derecho, cilindro circular recto

cilindro circular derecho, cilindro circular recto

Ex: The sculpture featured a series right circular cylinders of varying heights and radii stacked on top of each other .

a solid figure with a circular base and a vertex that is perpendicular to the center of the base

cono circular recto, cono de base circular

cono circular recto, cono de base circular

Ex: The slant height of right circular cone can be found using the Pythagorean theorem if the radius and the height are known .
epicycle
[Sustantivo]

a small circle whose center moves around the circumference of a larger circle

epiciclo, ciclo menor

epiciclo, ciclo menor

hypotenuse
[Sustantivo]

the longest side of a right-angled triangle, opposite the right angle, and defined as the side opposite the right angle in a right-angled triangle

hipotenusa

hipotenusa

base
[Sustantivo]

the side of a geometric shape, usually the one considered as the bottom, from which the height is measured

base, lado de la figura

base, lado de la figura

diameter
[Sustantivo]

a straight line from one side of a round object, particularly a circle, passing through the center and joining the other side

diámetro

diámetro

radius
[Sustantivo]

the length of a straight line drawn from the center of a circle to any point on its outer boundary

radio

radio

vertex
[Sustantivo]

a point where two or more lines, edges, or rays meet to form an angle, or the point at which the sides of a polygon intersect

vértice

vértice

perimeter
[Sustantivo]

the total length of the external boundary of something

perímetro

perímetro

circumference
[Sustantivo]

(geometry) the length of the external boundary of a curved shape, especially a circle

circunferencia

circunferencia

area
[Sustantivo]

the measurement of a piece of land or a flat surface

área

área

Ex: area can be expressed in square units , such as square meters or square feet .
surface area
[Sustantivo]

the total area that the surface of a three-dimensional object occupies

área superficial, superficie total

área superficial, superficie total

volume
[Sustantivo]

the amount of space that a substance or object takes or the amount of space inside an object

volumen

volumen

asymptote
[Sustantivo]

a straight line that a curve approaches indefinitely but never intersects, characterizing the limiting behavior of the curve

asíntota, línea asíntota

asíntota, línea asíntota

tangent
[Sustantivo]

a straight line that touches a curve or surface at exactly one point, known as the point of tangency

tangente

tangente

Ex: The artist 's sketch showed a spiral with tangent lines , illustrating the various points of contact .
protractor
[Sustantivo]

a measuring instrument used to measure and draw angles

transportador, protractor

transportador, protractor

Ex: The engineer used protractor to measure the angle of the roof in the blueprint .
line of symmetry
[Sustantivo]

a line that divides a shape into two congruent parts

línea de simetría, eje de simetría

línea de simetría, eje de simetría

geometric series
[Sustantivo]

a series of numbers in which each term after the first is found by multiplying the previous term by a fixed, non-zero number

serie geométrica, progresión geométrica

serie geométrica, progresión geométrica

quadrant
[Sustantivo]

one-fourth of a circle, formed by two perpendicular radii and the connecting arc

cuadrante, cuadrante circular

cuadrante, cuadrante circular

interior angle
[Sustantivo]

an angle formed between two sides of a polygon that lies inside the shape

ángulo interno, ángulo interior

ángulo interno, ángulo interior

chord
[Sustantivo]

a straight line segment that connects two points on the edge of a circle

cuerda, chorda

cuerda, chorda

diagonal
[Adjetivo]

(of a straight line) joining opposite corners of a flat shape at an angle

diagonal

diagonal

congruent
[Adjetivo]

(in geometry) describing shapes of the same size and form

congruente

congruente

parallel
[Adjetivo]

having an equal distance from each other at every point

paralelo

paralelo

transversal
[Adjetivo]

(of a line) intersecting two or more other lines at different points

transversal, transverso

transversal, transverso

perpendicular
[Adjetivo]

(of lines or planes) intersecting each other at a 90 degree angle

perpendicular

perpendicular

to bisect
[Verbo]

to divide something into two equal parts

bisecar, dividir en dos

bisecar, dividir en dos

(geometry) to move a shape or figure from one position to another without rotating, resizing, or otherwise altering its shape

trasladar, mover

trasladar, mover

asymmetry
[Sustantivo]

(geometry) a lack of symmetry or equivalence in shape or size between the two sides or parts of something

asimetría

asimetría

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