pattern

Kosakata Penting untuk TOEFL - Bahasa dan Tata Bahasa

Di sini Anda akan mempelajari beberapa kata dalam bahasa Inggris tentang bahasa dan tata bahasa, seperti "contraction", "voice", "syllable", dll. yang dibutuhkan untuk ujian TOEFL.

Tinjauan

Kartu flash

Ejaan

Kuis

Mulai belajar
Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
abbreviation
abbreviation
[Kata benda]

the shortened form of a word, etc.

singkatan, kependekan

singkatan, kependekan

Ex: The abbreviation 'CEO' stands for Chief Executive Officer. 

Singkatan 'CEO' adalah singkatan dari Chief Executive Officer.

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contraction
contraction
[Kata benda]

a short form of a word or a group of words used instead of the full form

kontraksi, bentuk pendek

kontraksi, bentuk pendek

Ex: The contraction "we've" stands for "we have." 

Kontraksi "we've" berarti "we have".

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dialect
dialect
[Kata benda]

the spoken form of a language specific to a certain region or people which is slightly different from the standard form in words and grammar

dialek, logat

dialek, logat

Ex: Social dialects, such as sociolects and ethnolects, can be influenced by factors such as social class, ethnicity, or education level. 

Dialek sosial, seperti sosiolek dan etnolek, dapat dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor seperti kelas sosial, etnis, atau tingkat pendidikan.

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accent
accent
[Kata benda]

a distinctive way of pronouncing a language associated with a particular region, country, or social group

aksen,  logat

aksen, logat

Ex: His accent became less noticeable after years of living in Chicago. 
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apostrophe
apostrophe
[Kata benda]

the symbol ' used in writing to show possession or omission of letters or numbers

tanda petik tunggal, simbol apostrof

tanda petik tunggal, simbol apostrof

Ex: The apostrophe in "it's" distinguishes it from "its," which is possessive. 

Apostrof dalam "it's" membedakannya dari "its," yang bersifat posesif.

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article
article
[Kata benda]

(grammar) any type of determiner that shows whether we are referring to a particular thing or a general example of something

artikel

artikel

Ex: Articles in English can be tricky for non-native speakers because their use varies depending on whether a noun is specific or general. 
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agreement
agreement
[Kata benda]

(grammar) the situation where words in a phrase have the same gender, person, or number

kesepakatan, persetujuan

kesepakatan, persetujuan

Ex: Some languages require agreement between nouns and adjectives. 
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number
number
[Kata benda]

(grammar) the form of a word that indicates whether one, two, or more things or people are being referred to

jumlah, jumlah gramatikal

jumlah, jumlah gramatikal

Ex: In English grammar, the number of a noun or pronoun indicates whether it is singular or plural, affecting the form of verbs and pronouns in a sentence. 
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syllable
syllable
[Kata benda]

a word or part of a word, which contains a vowel sound and usually one or more consonants

suku kata, bunyi

suku kata, bunyi

Ex: Each syllable in the poem must match the rhythm. 

Setiap suku kata dalam puisi harus sesuai dengan irama.

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vowel
vowel
[Kata benda]

‌(phonetics) a speech sound produced without interfering with the flow of air coming through the mouth or nose

vokal, bunyi vokal

vokal, bunyi vokal

Ex: Vowel changes in different languages can significantly affect pronunciation and meaning. 

Perubahan vokal dalam berbagai bahasa dapat secara signifikan mempengaruhi pengucapan dan makna.

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consonant
consonant
[Kata benda]

‌(phonetics) a speech sound produced by interfering with or stopping the flow of air through the mouth or nose

konsonan, bunyi konsonan

konsonan, bunyi konsonan

Ex: The teacher explained that consonants are speech sounds made by obstructing airflow in the vocal tract. 

Guru menjelaskan bahwa konsonan adalah bunyi ujaran yang dihasilkan dengan menghalangi aliran udara di saluran vokal.

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voice
voice
[Kata benda]

(grammar) the form of a verb that indicates whether the subject does something or something is done to it

suara, suara kata kerja

suara, suara kata kerja

Ex: Active voice, on the other hand, is used when the subject of a sentence performs the action expressed by the verb. 
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auxiliary
auxiliary
[Kata benda]

a verb that supports or helps another verb to form different tenses, moods, or voices

kata kerja bantu

kata kerja bantu

Ex: In the sentence “They have finished their homework,” the verb “have” functions as an auxiliary. 

Dalam kalimat «Mereka telah menyelesaikan pekerjaan rumah mereka», kata kerja «telah» berfungsi sebagai bantu.

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complement
complement
[Kata benda]

a word, phrase, or clause that completes the meaning or grammatical structure of an expression

pelengkap,  komplemen

pelengkap, komplemen

Ex: Some verbs require a complement to complete their meaning. 
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compound
compound
[Adjektiva]

formed from two or more words or meaningful word elements

majemuk, komposit

majemuk, komposit

Ex: Some compound adjectives are written with a hyphen. 
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conjunction
conjunction
[Kata benda]

a word or expression that connects words, phrases, or clauses

konjungsi,  kata sambung

konjungsi, kata sambung

Ex: "And" is one of the most common conjunctions in English. 
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prepositional
prepositional
[Adjektiva]

(grammar) formed with or connected to a preposition

preposisional, berkaitan dengan preposisi

preposisional, berkaitan dengan preposisi

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determiner
determiner
[Kata benda]

(grammar) a word coming before a noun or noun phrase to specify its denotation

determiner, artikel

determiner, artikel

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fluency
fluency
[Kata benda]

the quality of being able to speak or write very well and easily in a foreign language

kelancaran, kemahiran

kelancaran, kemahiran

Ex: He practiced daily to improve his fluency in French. 

Dia berlatih setiap hari untuk meningkatkan kelancaran bahasa Prancisnya.

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gerund
gerund
[Kata benda]

(grammar) a form of a verb that functions as a noun and is formed by adding the suffix -ing to the base form of the verb

gerund, bentuk kata kerja yang berfungsi sebagai kata benda

gerund, bentuk kata kerja yang berfungsi sebagai kata benda

Ex: Gerunds can serve as subjects, objects, or complements in a sentence. 

Gerund dapat berfungsi sebagai subjek, objek, atau pelengkap dalam kalimat.

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collocation
collocation
[Kata benda]

a particular combination of words that are used together very often

kolokasi, kombinasi kata

kolokasi, kombinasi kata

Ex: He found that learning collocations was more effective than memorizing individual vocabulary words. 

Dia menemukan bahwa mempelajari kolokasi lebih efektif daripada menghafal kata-kata kosakata individual.

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idiom
idiom
[Kata benda]

a group of words or a phrase that has a meaning different from the literal interpretation of its individual words, often specific to a particular language or culture

idiom, ungkapan idiomatik

idiom, ungkapan idiomatik

Ex: The phrase 'spill the beans' is an idiom that means to reveal a secret, rather than literally causing beans to fall. 

Frasa 'spill the beans' adalah sebuah idiom yang berarti mengungkapkan rahasia, bukan secara harfiah menjatuhkan kacang.

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slang
slang
[Kata benda]

words or expressions that are very informal and more common in spoken form, used especially by a particular group of people, such as criminals, children, etc.

slang, bahasa gaul

slang, bahasa gaul

Ex: Internet slang such as 'LOL' (laugh out loud) and 'BRB' (be right back) has become widely recognized and used in online communication. 

Slang Internet seperti 'LOL' (tertawa terbahak-bahak) dan 'BRB' (segera kembali) telah menjadi sangat dikenal dan digunakan dalam komunikasi online.

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proverb
proverb
[Kata benda]

a well-known statement or phrase that expresses a general truth or gives advice

peribahasa, pepatah

peribahasa, pepatah

Ex: One common proverb in English is 'Don't count your chickens before they hatch,' which means you shouldn't assume success until it actually happens. 

Salah satu pepatah umum dalam bahasa Inggris adalah 'Jangan menghitung ayam sebelum menetas,' yang berarti Anda tidak boleh berasumsi berhasil sampai itu benar-benar terjadi.

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imperative
imperative
[Adjektiva]

(of grammar) asserting a command or order

imperatif, perintah

imperatif, perintah

Ex: In the sentence "Please pass the salt," "pass" is in the imperative mood. 

Dalam kalimat "Tolong operkan garam," "operkan" berada dalam mood imperatif.

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interjection
interjection
[Kata benda]

(grammar) a phrase or word used suddenly to express a particular emotion

interjeksi, kata seru

interjeksi, kata seru

Ex: The linguist discussed the various functions of interjection in language. 

Ahli bahasa membahas berbagai fungsi interjeksi dalam bahasa.

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intonation
intonation
[Kata benda]

(phonetics) the rising and falling of the voice when speaking

intonasi

intonasi

Ex: In some languages, intonation can change the meaning of a word or phrase, as in Mandarin Chinese, where different intonation patterns distinguish between words with the same phonetic sounds. 
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transitive
transitive
[Adjektiva]

(grammar) describing a verb that needs a direct object

transitif, kata kerja transitif

transitif, kata kerja transitif

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intransitive
intransitive
[Adjektiva]

(grammar) describing a verb that does not take a direct object

intransitif, taktransitif

intransitif, taktransitif

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linguistic
linguistic
[Adjektiva]

related to the science of language, including its structure, usage, and evolution

linguistik, kebahasaan

linguistik, kebahasaan

Ex: The study examined linguistic patterns in regional dialects. 

Studi ini menguji pola linguistik dalam dialek regional.

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metaphor
metaphor
[Kata benda]

a figure of speech in which a word or expression is used to describe something by implying a comparison with something else

metafora, kiasan

metafora, kiasan

Ex: The author develops the metaphor throughout the novel. 
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progressive
progressive
[Adjektiva]

(grammar) describing a verb form or aspect that presents an action or situation as continuing

progresif, berlangsung

progresif, berlangsung

Ex: English commonly forms progressive constructions with "be" and a present participle. 
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punctuation
punctuation
[Kata benda]

the use of marks such as a period, comma, etc. in writing to divide sentences and phrases to better convey meaning

tanda baca

tanda baca

Ex: The teacher emphasized the importance of punctuation in conveying the intended meaning of a sentence. 

Guru menekankan pentingnya tanda baca dalam menyampaikan makna yang dimaksud dari sebuah kalimat.

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quote
quote
[Kata benda]

a sentence from a speech, book, etc. that is repeated somewhere else because it is wise or interesting

kutipan, petikan

kutipan, petikan

Ex: The quote "All that glitters is not gold" serves as a timeless reminder to look beyond appearances. 
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double negative
double negative
[Kata benda]

a grammatical construction in which two negative elements are used within the same sentence, often resulting in a positive meaning

negatif ganda, ganda negatif

negatif ganda, ganda negatif

Ex: The sentence "We haven't seen no one" uses a double negative, implying that they have seen someone. 

Kalimat "Kami belum melihat siapa pun" menggunakan negatif ganda, yang menyiratkan bahwa mereka telah melihat seseorang.

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