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TOEFL のための基本語彙 - 言語と文法

TOEFL試験に必要な「拗音」「音声」「音節」など言語や文法に関する英単語を学びます。

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クイズ

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
abbreviation

the shortened form of a word, etc.

単語またはフレーズの短縮形

単語またはフレーズの短縮形

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[名詞]
contraction

a short form of a word or a group of words used instead of the full form

収縮

収縮

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[名詞]
dialect

the spoken form of a language specific to a certain region or people which is slightly different from the standard form in words and grammar

方言

方言

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[名詞]
accent

a manner of speaking that indicates social class, nationality, or locality of the speaker

アクセント

アクセント

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[名詞]
apostrophe

the symbol ' used in writing to show possession or omission of letters or numbers

アポストロフィ

アポストロフィ

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[名詞]
article

(grammar) any type of determiner that shows whether we are referring to a particular thing or a general example of something

名詞が既知か未知かを判断するために使用されます

名詞が既知か未知かを判断するために使用されます

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[名詞]
agreement

(grammar) the situation where words in a phrase have the same gender, person, or number

契約

契約

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[名詞]
number

(grammar) the form of a word that indicates whether one, two, or more things or people are being referred to

単数形 (文法)

単数形 (文法)

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[名詞]
syllable

a word or part of a word, which contains a vowel sound and usually one or more consonants

音節

音節

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[名詞]
vowel

‌(phonetics) a speech sound produced without interfering with the flow of air coming through the mouth or nose

アルファベットの濁音文字

アルファベットの濁音文字

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[名詞]
consonant

‌(phonetics) a speech sound produced by interfering with or stopping the flow of air through the mouth or nose

非母音の音声

非母音の音声

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[名詞]
voice

(grammar) the form of a verb that indicates whether the subject does something or something is done to it

音声

音声

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[名詞]
auxiliary

a verb that supports or helps another verb to form different tenses, moods, or voices

補助

補助

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[名詞]
complement

(grammar) a word, phrase or clause that is necessary to complete the meaning of a predication

補体

補体

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[名詞]
compound

(of a word) consisting of two or more parts

化合物

化合物

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[形容詞]
conjunction

(grammar) a word such as and, because, but, and or that connects phrases, sentences, or words

文内の単語、フレーズ、または節を接続するために使用されます

文内の単語、フレーズ、または節を接続するために使用されます

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[名詞]
prepositional

(grammar) formed with or connected to a preposition

前置詞

前置詞

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[形容詞]
determiner

(grammar) a word coming before a noun or noun phrase to specify its denotation

決定者

決定者

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[名詞]
fluency

the quality of being able to speak or write very well and easily in a foreign language

達弁

達弁

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[名詞]
gerund

(grammar) a form of a verb that functions as a noun and is formed by adding the suffix -ing to the base form of the verb

動詞状名詞

動詞状名詞

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[名詞]
collocation

a particular combination of words that are used together very often

よく一緒に出てくる言葉

よく一緒に出てくる言葉

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[名詞]
idiom

a group of words or a phrase that has a meaning different from the literal interpretation of its individual words, often specific to a particular language or culture

イディオム

イディオム

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[名詞]
slang

words or expressions that are very informal and more common in spoken form, used especially by a particular group of people, such as criminals, children, etc.

俚言

俚言

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[名詞]
proverb

a well-known statement or phrase that expresses a general truth or gives advice

諺

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[名詞]
imperative

(of grammar) asserting a command or order

[形容詞]
interjection

(grammar) a phrase or word used suddenly to express a particular emotion

間投詞

間投詞

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[名詞]
intonation

(phonetics) the rising and falling of the voice when speaking

イントネーション(音声学)

イントネーション(音声学)

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[名詞]
transitive

(grammar) describing a verb that needs a direct object

推移的

推移的

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[形容詞]
intransitive

(grammar) describing a verb that does not take a direct object

自動詞

自動詞

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[形容詞]
linguistic

related to the science of language, including its structure, usage, and evolution

言語的な

言語的な

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[形容詞]
metaphor

a figure of speech that compares two unrelated things to highlight their similarities and convey a deeper meaning

比喩

比喩

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[名詞]
progressive

(grammar) describing a form of a verb that indicates an action is continuing

進行中のアクションまたは状態を説明するために使用される

進行中のアクションまたは状態を説明するために使用される

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[形容詞]
punctuation

the use of marks such as a period, comma, etc. in writing to divide sentences and phrases to better convey meaning

文章で意味を明確にしたり、一時停止を示したりするために使用される記号。

文章で意味を明確にしたり、一時停止を示したりするために使用される記号。

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[名詞]
quote

a sentence from a speech, book, etc. that is repeated somewhere else because it is wise or interesting

引用文

引用文

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[名詞]
double negative

a grammatical construction in which two negative elements are used within the same sentence, often resulting in a positive meaning

文の中で 2 つの否定語を使用し、肯定的な意味を生み出す行為

文の中で 2 つの否定語を使用し、肯定的な意味を生み出す行為

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[名詞]
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