Kosakata Penting untuk TOEFL - Politics

Di sini Anda akan mempelajari beberapa kata bahasa Inggris tentang politik, seperti "pertemuan puncak", "sayap", "senat", dll., yang diperlukan untuk ujian TOEFL.

Tinjauan

Kartu flash

Ejaan

Kuis

Mulai belajar

regime

[Kata benda]

a system of governing that is authoritarian and usually not selected in a fair election

rezim, pemerintahan otoriter

Ex: The authoritarian regime imposed strict censorship on the media.Rezim otoriter memberlakukan sensor ketat pada media.

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ambassador

[Kata benda]

a senior official whose job is living in a foreign country and representing their own country

duta besar, utusan

Ex: The newly appointed ambassador is expected to arrive at the foreign capital next month to assume his duties .Duta besar yang baru ditunjuk diperkirakan akan tiba di ibu kota asing bulan depan untuk menjalankan tugasnya.

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embassy

[Kata benda]

a group of people who officially represent their government in another country

kedutaan

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summit

[Kata benda]

an official gathering during which the heads of governments discuss crucial issues

pertemuan puncak

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wing

[Kata benda]

members of a political party or other organization who have a certain function or share certain views

sayap, fraksi

Ex: The extremist wing of the movement advocated for radical changes to immigration laws and border security .**Sayap** ekstrem dari gerakan tersebut mengadvokasi perubahan radikal dalam hukum imigrasi dan keamanan perbatasan.

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spokesperson

[Kata benda]

a person who speaks formally for an organization, government, etc.

juru bicara, perwakilan

Ex: The spokesperson denied any involvement of the company in the allegations .**Juru bicara** menyangkal keterlibatan perusahaan dalam tuduhan tersebut.

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bureaucracy

[Kata benda]

a system of government that is controlled by officials who are not elected rather employed

birokrasi, administrasi birokratis

Ex: The manager found the bureaucracy to be a big obstacle .Manajer menemukan **birokrasi** sebagai hambatan besar.

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democracy

[Kata benda]

a form of government where the power is vested in the hands of the people, either directly or through elected representatives

demokrasi

Ex: In a democracy, the judiciary is independent from the executive and legislative branches .Dalam sebuah **demokrasi**, lembaga peradilan independen dari cabang eksekutif dan legislatif.

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democratic

[Adjektiva]

related to or characteristic of a system of government where power comes from the people through free elections and respects individual rights

demokratis, berkaitan dengan demokrasi

Ex: The democratic system fosters civic engagement and encourages active participation in public affairs .Sistem **demokratis** mendorong keterlibatan sipil dan mendorong partisipasi aktif dalam urusan publik.

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democrat

[Kata benda]

someone who supports social equality, healthcare reform, environmental protection, and a more active role for government in addressing social issues

demokrat, pendukung demokrasi sosial

Ex: In recent elections, Democrats have focused on issues like affordable education and criminal justice reform.Dalam pemilihan baru-baru ini, **Demokrat** berfokus pada isu-isu seperti pendidikan terjangkau dan reformasi peradilan pidana.

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congress

[Kata benda]

(in some countries) the group of people who have been elected to make laws, which in the US it consists of the House of Representatives and the Senate

kongres, majelis legislatif

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parliament

[Kata benda]

the group of elected representatives whose responsibility is to create, amend, and discuss laws or address political matters

parlemen

Ex: The opposition party criticized the government 's policies during the parliament meeting .

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senate

[Kata benda]

a legislative or governing body, usually the smaller and more influential chamber in a bicameral system, with the authority to create, revise, or approve laws and policies

senat, dewan tinggi

Ex: Bills must pass through the Senate before becoming law.Rancangan undang-undang harus melewati **Senat** sebelum menjadi undang-undang.

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senator

[Kata benda]

one of the members of Senate

senator

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cabinet

[Kata benda]

senior members of a government who make decisions and control the policy of the government

kabinet

Ex: The cabinet reshuffle aimed to bring fresh perspectives and expertise to address pressing social welfare issues .Reshuffle **kabinet** bertujuan untuk membawa perspektif dan keahlian baru dalam menangani masalah kesejahteraan sosial yang mendesak.

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slogan

[Kata benda]

a short memorable phrase that is used in advertising to draw people's attention toward something

slogan, motto

Ex: The environmental group 's slogan " Save the Earth , One Step at a Time " resonated deeply with the public during their campaign .**Slogan** kelompok lingkungan "Selamatkan Bumi, Satu Langkah pada Suatu Waktu" beresonansi dalam dengan publik selama kampanye mereka.

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campaign

[Kata benda]

a set of actions organized in order to serve a political purpose

kampanye

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conservative

[Kata benda]

a person who aligns with or supports the principles and policies traditionally associated with conservative political ideologies

konservatif, tradisionalis

Ex: Many conservative MPs voiced their concerns over the proposed tax reforms.Banyak anggota parlemen **konservatif** menyuarakan kekhawatiran mereka atas reformasi pajak yang diusulkan.

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dictatorship

[Kata benda]

a form of government where power is concentrated in the hands of a single individual or a small group, often with absolute authority, without the consent of the people

kediktatoran, rezim diktator

Ex: Many countries fought against dictatorship in the 20th century .Banyak negara melawan **kediktatoran** pada abad ke-20.

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dictator

[Kata benda]

a ruler that has total power over a state, particularly a ruler who gained power through force

diktator, tiran

Ex: After years of suffering under the dictator, the people rose up in a revolution to demand democracy .Setelah bertahun-tahun menderita di bawah **diktator**, rakyat bangkit dalam revolusi untuk menuntut demokrasi.

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council

[Kata benda]

a group of elected people who govern a city, town, etc.

dewan, majelis

Ex: The council proposed new environmental regulations .**Dewan** mengusulkan peraturan lingkungan baru.

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poll

[Kata benda]

(plural) the process of casting or counting votes; the place in which votes are counted or casted

pemilihan, tempat pemungutan suara

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diplomacy

[Kata benda]

the job, skill, or act of managing the relationships between different countries

diplomasi

Ex: His sharp diplomacy secured a vital trade agreement for his country .

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diplomat

[Kata benda]

an official representing a country's government in foreign relations

diplomat, perwakilan diplomatik

Ex: The diplomat participated in cultural exchanges to promote mutual understanding between nations .**Diplomat** itu berpartisipasi dalam pertukaran budaya untuk mempromosikan saling pengertian antar bangsa.

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federal

[Adjektiva]

relating to the central government of a country rather than the local or regional governments

federal, nasional

Ex: The federal budget allocates funds for national priorities , including infrastructure and social services .Anggaran **federal** mengalokasikan dana untuk prioritas nasional, termasuk infrastruktur dan layanan sosial.

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republic

[Kata benda]

a governing system in which the supreme power is held by people and their chosen representatives

republik, republik

Ex: The republic celebrated its independence day with a grand parade .**Republik** merayakan hari kemerdekaannya dengan parade besar.

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Republican

[Kata benda]

(in the US) someone who supports or is a member of the Republican Party

republikan, anggota Partai Republik

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extremism

[Kata benda]

religious or political actions, beliefs, or ideas that most people find them extreme, unreasonable, and abnormal

ekstremisme, radikalisme

Ex: Efforts to combat extremism must focus on education and promoting tolerance to prevent radicalization .Upaya untuk memerangi **ekstremisme** harus fokus pada pendidikan dan mempromosikan toleransi untuk mencegah radikalisasi.

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radical

[Kata benda]

a person whose political inclination is social and political change

radikal, aktivis

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free trade

[Kata benda]

a system of international trading in which there are no restrictions or taxes on goods bought or sold

perdagangan bebas, perniagaan bebas

Ex: Negotiations for a new free trade deal between the two countries stalled due to disagreements over agricultural tariffs .Perundingan untuk kesepakatan **perdagangan bebas** baru antara kedua negara terhenti karena ketidaksepakatan atas tarif pertanian.

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governor

[Kata benda]

someone who is in charge of a region or town

gubernur, walikota

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liberal

[Adjektiva]

related to or characteristic of a political ideology that emphasizes individual freedoms, equality, and government intervention for social welfare and economic opportunity

liberal

Ex: Critics argue that liberal policies can lead to excessive government intervention and dependency on welfare programs .Para kritikus berpendapat bahwa kebijakan **liberal** dapat menyebabkan intervensi pemerintah yang berlebihan dan ketergantungan pada program kesejahteraan.

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independence

[Kata benda]

the state of being free from the control of others

kemerdekaan, otonomi

Ex: Many people strive for independence in their careers , seeking self-sufficiency .Banyak orang berjuang untuk **kemerdekaan** dalam karier mereka, mencari swasembada.

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monarchy

[Kata benda]

a system of government or a country or state that is ruled by a king or queen

monarki, kerajaan

Ex: In a constitutional monarchy, the king or queen 's powers are limited by law .Dalam sebuah **monarki** konstitusional, kekuasaan raja atau ratu dibatasi oleh hukum.

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propaganda

[Kata benda]

information and statements that are mostly biased and false and are used to promote a political cause or leader

propaganda

Ex: The rise of social media has made it easier to disseminate propaganda quickly and widely .Kemunculan media sosial telah memudahkan penyebaran **propaganda** dengan cepat dan luas.

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anarchy

[Kata benda]

the state of an organization or country that is lacking in order, authority, or control

anarki, kekacauan

Ex: The sudden resignation of all leaders resulted in anarchy within the organization .Pengunduran diri mendadak semua pemimpin mengakibatkan **anarki** dalam organisasi.

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opposition

[Kata benda]

the main political party opposed to the government

oposisi

Ex: The opposition accused the government of suppressing free speech and dissent .**Oposisi** menuduh pemerintah menekan kebebasan berbicara dan perbedaan pendapat.

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revolution

[Kata benda]

the fundamental change of power, government, etc. in a country by people, particularly involving violence

revolusi

Ex: The revolution resulted in significant political and social reforms across the nation .

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to reform

[kata kerja]

to make a society, law, system, or organization better or more effective by making many changes to it

mereformasi, memperbaiki

Ex: The school board is considering reforming the grading system to better reflect student performance .Dewan sekolah sedang mempertimbangkan untuk **mereformasi** sistem penilaian agar lebih mencerminkan kinerja siswa.

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Kosakata Penting untuk TOEFL

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Kosakata Penting untuk TOEFL - Politics