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Kosakata Penting untuk TOEFL - Politics

Di sini Anda akan mempelajari beberapa kata bahasa Inggris tentang politik, seperti "pertemuan puncak", "sayap", "senat", dll., yang diperlukan untuk ujian TOEFL.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
regime
regime
[Kata benda]

a system of governing that is authoritarian and usually not selected in a fair election

rezim, pemerintahan otoriter

rezim, pemerintahan otoriter

Ex: The authoritarian regime imposed strict censorship on the media.

Rezim otoriter memberlakukan sensor ketat pada media.

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ambassador
ambassador
[Kata benda]

a senior official whose job is living in a foreign country and representing their own country

duta besar, utusan

duta besar, utusan

Ex: The newly appointed ambassador is expected to arrive at the foreign capital next month to assume his duties .

Duta besar yang baru ditunjuk diperkirakan akan tiba di ibu kota asing bulan depan untuk menjalankan tugasnya.

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embassy
embassy
[Kata benda]

the ambassador and the staff who represent their government in a foreign country

kedutaan, perwakilan diplomatik

kedutaan, perwakilan diplomatik

Ex: The embassy arranged transportation for the visiting minister .

Kedutaan mengatur transportasi untuk menteri yang berkunjung.

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summit
summit
[Kata benda]

a formal meeting of leaders, especially heads of government

ktt, pertemuan puncak

ktt, pertemuan puncak

Ex: Delegates from fifty countries attended the summit.

Para delegasi dari lima puluh negara menghadiri konferensi puncak.

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wing
wing
[Kata benda]

members of a political party or other organization who have a certain function or share certain views

sayap, fraksi

sayap, fraksi

Ex: The extremist wing of the movement advocated for radical changes to immigration laws and border security .

Sayap ekstrem dari gerakan tersebut mengadvokasi perubahan radikal dalam hukum imigrasi dan keamanan perbatasan.

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spokesperson
spokesperson
[Kata benda]

a person who speaks formally for an organization, government, etc.

juru bicara, perwakilan

juru bicara, perwakilan

Ex: The spokesperson denied any involvement of the company in the allegations .

Juru bicara menyangkal keterlibatan perusahaan dalam tuduhan tersebut.

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bureaucracy
bureaucracy
[Kata benda]

a system of government that is controlled by officials who are not elected rather employed

birokrasi, administrasi birokratis

birokrasi, administrasi birokratis

Ex: The manager found the bureaucracy to be a big obstacle .

Manajer menemukan birokrasi sebagai hambatan besar.

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democracy
democracy
[Kata benda]

a form of government where the power is vested in the hands of the people, either directly or through elected representatives

demokrasi

demokrasi

Ex: In a democracy, the judiciary is independent from the executive and legislative branches .

Dalam sebuah demokrasi, lembaga peradilan independen dari cabang eksekutif dan legislatif.

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democratic
democratic
[Adjektiva]

related to or characteristic of a system of government where power comes from the people through free elections and respects individual rights

demokratis, berkaitan dengan demokrasi

demokratis, berkaitan dengan demokrasi

Ex: The democratic system fosters civic engagement and encourages active participation in public affairs .

Sistem demokratis mendorong keterlibatan sipil dan mendorong partisipasi aktif dalam urusan publik.

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democrat
democrat
[Kata benda]

someone who supports social equality, healthcare reform, environmental protection, and a more active role for government in addressing social issues

demokrat, pendukung demokrasi sosial

demokrat, pendukung demokrasi sosial

Ex: In recent elections, Democrats have focused on issues like affordable education and criminal justice reform.

Dalam pemilihan baru-baru ini, Demokrat telah fokus pada isu-isu seperti pendidikan terjangkau dan reformasi peradilan pidana.

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Congress
Congress
[Kata benda]

the legislative body of the United States, consisting of the Senate and the House of Representatives

Kongres, Badan legislatif

Kongres, Badan legislatif

Ex: The law was reviewed and approved by Congress.

Undang-undang telah ditinjau dan disetujui oleh Kongres.

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parliament
parliament
[Kata benda]

the group of elected representatives whose responsibility is to create, amend, and discuss laws or address political matters

parlemen

parlemen

Ex: The opposition party criticized the government 's policies during the parliament meeting .

Partai oposisi mengkritik kebijakan pemerintah selama rapat parlemen.

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Senate
Senate
[Kata benda]

the upper chamber of the United States Congress, responsible for lawmaking, oversight, and approval of appointments

Senat, Majelis tinggi

Senat, Majelis tinggi

Ex: The Senate Committee held hearings on the issue.

Komite Senat mengadakan sidang dengar pendapat mengenai masalah tersebut.

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senator
senator
[Kata benda]

a person elected to serve in a Senate, the upper house of a legislature

senator, senator

senator, senator

Ex: The senator met with constituents to discuss local issues .

Senator bertemu dengan para pemilih untuk membahas masalah lokal.

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cabinet
cabinet
[Kata benda]

senior members of a government who make decisions and control the policy of the government

kabinet

kabinet

Ex: The cabinet reshuffle aimed to bring fresh perspectives and expertise to address pressing social welfare issues .

Reshuffle kabinet bertujuan untuk membawa perspektif dan keahlian baru dalam menangani masalah kesejahteraan sosial yang mendesak.

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slogan
slogan
[Kata benda]

a short memorable phrase that is used in advertising to draw people's attention toward something

slogan, motto

slogan, motto

Ex: The environmental group 's slogan " Save the Earth , One Step at a Time " resonated deeply with the public during their campaign .

Slogan kelompok lingkungan "Selamatkan Bumi, Satu Langkah pada Suatu Waktu" beresonansi dalam dengan publik selama kampanye mereka.

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campaign
campaign
[Kata benda]

a set of actions organized in order to serve a political purpose

kampanye

kampanye

Ex: The army launched a campaign to retake the occupied territory .

Tentara meluncurkan sebuah kampanye untuk merebut kembali wilayah yang diduduki.

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conservative
conservative
[Kata benda]

a person who aligns with or supports the principles and policies traditionally associated with conservative political ideologies

konservatif, tradisionalis

konservatif, tradisionalis

Ex: Many conservative MPs voiced their concerns over the proposed tax reforms.

Banyak anggota parlemen konservatif menyuarakan kekhawatiran mereka atas reformasi pajak yang diusulkan.

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dictatorship
dictatorship
[Kata benda]

a form of government where power is concentrated in the hands of a single individual or a small group, often with absolute authority, without the consent of the people

kediktatoran, rezim diktator

kediktatoran, rezim diktator

Ex: Many countries fought against dictatorship in the 20th century .

Banyak negara berjuang melawan kediktatoran pada abad ke-20.

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dictator
dictator
[Kata benda]

a ruler that has total power over a state, particularly a ruler who gained power through force

diktator, tiran

diktator, tiran

Ex: After years of suffering under the dictator, the people rose up in a revolution to demand democracy .

Setelah bertahun-tahun menderita di bawah diktator, rakyat bangkit dalam revolusi untuk menuntut demokrasi.

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council
council
[Kata benda]

a group of elected people who govern a city, town, etc.

dewan, majelis

dewan, majelis

Ex: The council proposed new environmental regulations .

Dewan mengusulkan peraturan lingkungan baru.

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poll
poll
[Kata benda]

the act of casting or counting votes, or the location where this occurs

pemungutan suara, tempat pemungutan suara

pemungutan suara, tempat pemungutan suara

Ex: She observed the polls to ensure fair counting .

Dia mengamati tempat pemungutan suara untuk memastikan penghitungan yang adil.

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diplomacy
diplomacy
[Kata benda]

the job, skill, or act of managing the relationships between different countries

diplomasi

diplomasi

Ex: His sharp diplomacy secured a vital trade agreement for his country .

Diplomasi tajamnya mengamankan perjanjian perdagangan yang vital bagi negaranya.

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diplomat
diplomat
[Kata benda]

an official representing a country's government in foreign relations

diplomat, perwakilan diplomatik

diplomat, perwakilan diplomatik

Ex: The diplomat participated in cultural exchanges to promote mutual understanding between nations .

Diplomat itu berpartisipasi dalam pertukaran budaya untuk mempromosikan saling pengertian antar bangsa.

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federal
federal
[Adjektiva]

relating to the central government of a country rather than the local or regional governments

federal, nasional

federal, nasional

Ex: The federal budget allocates funds for national priorities , including infrastructure and social services .

Anggaran federal mengalokasikan dana untuk prioritas nasional, termasuk infrastruktur dan layanan sosial.

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republic
republic
[Kata benda]

a governing system in which the supreme power is held by people and their chosen representatives

republik, republik

republik, republik

Ex: The republic celebrated its independence day with a grand parade .

Republik merayakan hari kemerdekaannya dengan parade besar.

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Republican
Republican
[Kata benda]

(in the US) someone who supports or is a member of the Republican Party

republikan, anggota Partai Republik

republikan, anggota Partai Republik

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extremism
extremism
[Kata benda]

religious or political actions, beliefs, or ideas that most people find them extreme, unreasonable, and abnormal

ekstremisme, radikalisme

ekstremisme, radikalisme

Ex: Efforts to combat extremism must focus on education and promoting tolerance to prevent radicalization .

Upaya untuk memerangi ekstremisme harus fokus pada pendidikan dan mempromosikan toleransi untuk mencegah radikalisasi.

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radical
radical
[Kata benda]

a person who holds extreme or unconventional ideas or opinions

radikal, ekstremis

radikal, ekstremis

Ex: A radical criticized the mainstream policies.

Seorang radikal mengkritik kebijakan arus utama.

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free trade
free trade
[Kata benda]

a system of international trading in which there are no restrictions or taxes on goods bought or sold

perdagangan bebas, perniagaan bebas

perdagangan bebas, perniagaan bebas

Ex: Negotiations for a new free trade deal between the two countries stalled due to disagreements over agricultural tariffs .

Perundingan untuk kesepakatan perdagangan bebas baru antara kedua negara terhenti karena ketidaksepakatan atas tarif pertanian.

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governor
governor
[Kata benda]

a person who is in charge of a state, region, or territory

gubernur, penguasa

gubernur, penguasa

Ex: He worked closely with the governor on infrastructure projects .

Dia bekerja erat dengan gubernur dalam proyek-proyek infrastruktur.

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liberal
liberal
[Adjektiva]

related to or characteristic of a political ideology that emphasizes individual freedoms, equality, and government intervention for social welfare and economic opportunity

liberal

liberal

Ex: Critics argue that liberal policies can lead to excessive government intervention and dependency on welfare programs .

Para kritikus berpendapat bahwa kebijakan liberal dapat menyebabkan intervensi pemerintah yang berlebihan dan ketergantungan pada program kesejahteraan.

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independence
independence
[Kata benda]

the state of being free from the control of others

kemerdekaan, otonomi

kemerdekaan, otonomi

Ex: Many people strive for independence in their careers , seeking self-sufficiency .

Banyak orang berjuang untuk kemerdekaan dalam karier mereka, mencari swasembada.

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monarchy
monarchy
[Kata benda]

a system of government or a country or state that is ruled by a king or queen

monarki, kerajaan

monarki, kerajaan

Ex: In a constitutional monarchy, the king or queen's powers are limited by law.

Dalam sebuah monarki konstitusional, kekuasaan raja atau ratu dibatasi oleh hukum.

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propaganda
propaganda
[Kata benda]

information and statements that are mostly biased and false and are used to promote a political cause or leader

propaganda

propaganda

Ex: The rise of social media has made it easier to disseminate propaganda quickly and widely .

Kemunculan media sosial telah memudahkan penyebaran propaganda dengan cepat dan luas.

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anarchy
anarchy
[Kata benda]

the state of an organization or country that is lacking in order, authority, or control

anarki, kekacauan

anarki, kekacauan

Ex: The sudden resignation of all leaders resulted in anarchy within the organization .

Pengunduran diri mendadak semua pemimpin mengakibatkan anarki dalam organisasi.

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opposition
opposition
[Kata benda]

the main political party opposed to the government

oposisi

oposisi

Ex: The opposition accused the government of suppressing free speech and dissent .

Oposisi menuduh pemerintah menekan kebebasan berbicara dan perbedaan pendapat.

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revolution
revolution
[Kata benda]

the fundamental change of power, government, etc. in a country by people, particularly involving violence

revolusi

revolusi

Ex: The revolution resulted in significant political and social reforms across the nation .

Revolusi menghasilkan reformasi politik dan sosial yang signifikan di seluruh negeri.

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to reform
to reform
[kata kerja]

to make a society, law, system, or organization better or more effective by making many changes to it

mereformasi, memperbaiki

mereformasi, memperbaiki

Ex: The school board is considering reforming the grading system to better reflect student performance .

Dewan sekolah sedang mempertimbangkan untuk mereformasi sistem penilaian agar lebih mencerminkan kinerja siswa.

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