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Kosakata Penting untuk TOEFL - Politik

Di sini Anda akan mempelajari beberapa kata bahasa Inggris tentang politik, seperti "pertemuan puncak", "sayap", "senat", dll., yang diperlukan untuk ujian TOEFL.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
regime
regime
[Kata benda]

a system of governing that is authoritarian and usually not selected in a fair election

rezim, pemerintahan otoriter

rezim, pemerintahan otoriter

Ex: The previous regime was known for its human rights violations. 

Rezim sebelumnya dikenal karena pelanggaran hak asasi manusianya.

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ambassador
ambassador
[Kata benda]

a senior official whose job is living in a foreign country and representing their own country

duta besar, utusan

duta besar, utusan

Ex: The ambassador met with the foreign minister to discuss trade agreements and international cooperation. 

Duta besar bertemu dengan menteri luar negeri untuk membahas perjanjian perdagangan dan kerjasama internasional.

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embassy
embassy
[Kata benda]

the ambassador and the staff who represent their government in a foreign country

kedutaan, perwakilan diplomatik

kedutaan, perwakilan diplomatik

Ex: Several members of the embassy were recalled after the negotiations failed. 

Beberapa anggota kedutaan dipanggil kembali setelah negosiasi gagal.

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summit
summit
[Kata benda]

a formal meeting of leaders, especially heads of government

ktt, pertemuan puncak

ktt, pertemuan puncak

Ex: She prepared extensively for the international summit. 

Dia mempersiapkan diri secara ekstensif untuk konferensi tingkat tinggi internasional.

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wing
wing
[Kata benda]

members of a political party or other organization who have a certain function or share certain views

sayap, fraksi

sayap, fraksi

Ex: The moderate wing of the coalition sought bipartisan solutions to healthcare reform. 

Sayap moderat koalisi mencari solusi bipartisan untuk reformasi kesehatan.

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spokesperson
spokesperson
[Kata benda]

a person who speaks formally for an organization, government, etc.

juru bicara, perwakilan

juru bicara, perwakilan

Ex: The spokesperson clarified the organization's stance on the proposed policy changes. 

Juru bicara menjelaskan sikap organisasi terhadap perubahan kebijakan yang diusulkan.

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bureaucracy
bureaucracy
[Kata benda]

a system of government that is controlled by officials who are not elected rather employed

birokrasi, administrasi birokratis

birokrasi, administrasi birokratis

Ex: Bureaucracy involves a hierarchy of non-elected officials managing various government responsibilities. 

Birokrasi melibatkan hierarki pejabat yang tidak terpilih yang mengelola berbagai tanggung jawab pemerintah.

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democracy
democracy
[Kata benda]

a form of government where the power is vested in the hands of the people, either directly or through elected representatives

demokrasi

demokrasi

Ex: One of the pillars of a democracy is the right to vote. 

Salah satu pilar demokrasi adalah hak untuk memilih.

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democratic
democratic
[Adjektiva]

related to or characteristic of a system of government where power comes from the people through free elections and respects individual rights

demokratis, berkaitan dengan demokrasi

demokratis, berkaitan dengan demokrasi

Ex: His democratic ideals prioritize inclusivity, equality, and respect for diverse perspectives. 

Cita-cita demokratisnya mengutamakan inklusivitas, kesetaraan, dan penghormatan terhadap berbagai perspektif.

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democrat
democrat
[Kata benda]

someone who supports social equality, healthcare reform, environmental protection, and a more active role for government in addressing social issues

demokrat, pendukung demokrasi sosial

demokrat, pendukung demokrasi sosial

Ex: As a Democrat, she believes in expanding access to healthcare for all citizens through government programs. 

Sebagai seorang demokrat, dia percaya pada perluasan akses ke layanan kesehatan untuk semua warga negara melalui program pemerintah.

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Congress
Congress
[Kata benda]

the legislative body of the United States, consisting of the Senate and the House of Representatives

Kongres, Badan legislatif

Kongres, Badan legislatif

Ex: Congress debated the proposed budget for weeks. 

Kongres memperdebatkan anggaran yang diusulkan selama berminggu-minggu.

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parliament
parliament
[Kata benda]

the group of elected representatives whose responsibility is to create, amend, and discuss laws or address political matters

parlemen

parlemen

Ex: The prime minister addressed parliament on the country's economic challenges. 

Perdana menteri berbicara di parlemen tentang tantangan ekonomi negara.

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Senate
Senate
[Kata benda]

the upper chamber of the United States Congress, responsible for lawmaking, oversight, and approval of appointments

Senat, Majelis tinggi

Senat, Majelis tinggi

Ex: The Senate passed legislation on healthcare reform. 

Senat mengesahkan undang-undang tentang reformasi kesehatan.

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senator
senator
[Kata benda]

a person elected to serve in a Senate, the upper house of a legislature

senator, senator

senator, senator

Ex: The senator attended a committee meeting in the Senate. 

Senator menghadiri rapat komite di Senat.

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cabinet
cabinet
[Kata benda]

senior members of a government who make decisions and control the policy of the government

kabinet

kabinet

Ex: The cabinet members deliberated for hours before reaching a consensus on the proposed healthcare reforms. 

Anggota kabinet berunding selama berjam-jam sebelum mencapai konsensus tentang reformasi kesehatan yang diusulkan.

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slogan
slogan
[Kata benda]

a short memorable phrase that is used in advertising to draw people's attention toward something

slogan, motto

slogan, motto

Ex: The marketing team spent weeks brainstorming the perfect slogan to capture the essence of their new product. 

Tim pemasaran menghabiskan minggu-minggu untuk melakukan brainstorming untuk slogan yang sempurna untuk menangkap esensi produk baru mereka.

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campaign
campaign
[Kata benda]

a set of actions organized in order to serve a political purpose

kampanye

kampanye

Ex: The anti-smoking campaign used shocking ads to discourage teens from vaping. 

Kampanye anti-rokok menggunakan iklan yang mengejutkan untuk mencegah remaja dari vaping.

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conservative
conservative
[Kata benda]

a person who aligns with or supports the principles and policies traditionally associated with conservative political ideologies

konservatif, tradisionalis

konservatif, tradisionalis

Ex: The conservative candidate won the election by a narrow margin. 

Kandidat konservatif memenangkan pemilihan dengan selisih tipis.

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dictatorship
dictatorship
[Kata benda]

a form of government where power is concentrated in the hands of a single individual or a small group, often with absolute authority, without the consent of the people

kediktatoran, rezim diktator

kediktatoran, rezim diktator

Ex: The people lived in fear under the dictatorship's strict laws. 

Orang-orang hidup dalam ketakutan di bawah hukum ketat kediktatoran.

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dictator
dictator
[Kata benda]

a ruler that has total power over a state, particularly a ruler who gained power through force

diktator, tiran

diktator, tiran

Ex: Many people fled the country to escape the oppressive rule of the dictator. 

Banyak orang melarikan diri dari negara itu untuk menghindari pemerintahan yang menindas dari diktator.

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council
council
[Kata benda]

a group of elected people who govern a city, town, etc.

dewan, majelis

dewan, majelis

Ex: She was elected to serve on the local council. 

Dia terpilih untuk melayani di dewan lokal.

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poll
poll
[Kata benda]

the act of casting or counting votes, or the location where this occurs

pemungutan suara, tempat pemungutan suara

pemungutan suara, tempat pemungutan suara

Ex: Volunteers assisted voters at the polling station. 

Relawan membantu para pemilih di tempat pemungutan suara.

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diplomacy
diplomacy
[Kata benda]

the job, skill, or act of managing the relationships between different countries

diplomasi

diplomasi

Ex: Effective diplomacy requires patience, cultural understanding, and compromise. 

Diplomasi yang efektif membutuhkan kesabaran, pemahaman budaya, dan kompromi.

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diplomat
diplomat
[Kata benda]

an official representing a country's government in foreign relations

diplomat, perwakilan diplomatik

diplomat, perwakilan diplomatik

Ex: Diplomats from various countries gathered at the United Nations to address global security issues. 

Diplomat dari berbagai negara berkumpul di Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa untuk membahas masalah keamanan global.

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federal
federal
[Adjektiva]

relating to the central government of a country rather than the local or regional governments

federal, nasional

federal, nasional

Ex: The country's federal structure divides powers between the national government and its states or provinces. 

Struktur federal negara membagi kekuasaan antara pemerintah nasional dan negara bagian atau provinsinya.

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republic
republic
[Kata benda]

a governing system in which the supreme power is held by people and their chosen representatives

republik, republik

republik, republik

Ex: The republic's constitution outlines the framework for democratic governance. 

Konstitusi republik menguraikan kerangka untuk tata kelola demokratis.

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Republican
Republican
[Kata benda]

(in the US) someone who supports or is a member of the Republican Party

republikan, anggota Partai Republik

republikan, anggota Partai Republik

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extremism
extremism
[Kata benda]

religious or political actions, beliefs, or ideas that most people find them extreme, unreasonable, and abnormal

ekstremisme, radikalisme

ekstremisme, radikalisme

Ex: Extremism often feeds on economic instability and social discontent, making it a complex issue to address. 

Ekstremisme sering kali tumbuh dari ketidakstabilan ekonomi dan ketidakpuasan sosial, menjadikannya masalah yang kompleks untuk ditangani.

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radical
radical
[Kata benda]

a person who holds extreme or unconventional ideas or opinions

radikal, ekstremis

radikal, ekstremis

Ex: She was known as a radical in her political party. 

Dia dikenal sebagai seorang radikal di partai politiknya.

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free trade
free trade
[Kata benda]

a system of international trading in which there are no restrictions or taxes on goods bought or sold

perdagangan bebas, perniagaan bebas

perdagangan bebas, perniagaan bebas

Ex: Critics of free trade worry that it could lead to job losses in certain industries that struggle to compete with cheaper imports. 

Kritikus perdagangan bebas khawatir hal itu dapat menyebabkan hilangnya pekerjaan di industri tertentu yang kesulitan bersaing dengan impor yang lebih murah.

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governor
governor
[Kata benda]

a person who is in charge of a state, region, or territory

gubernur, penguasa

gubernur, penguasa

Ex: The governor visited schools to discuss education reforms. 

Gubernur mengunjungi sekolah-sekolah untuk membahas reformasi pendidikan.

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liberal
liberal
[Adjektiva]

related to or characteristic of a political ideology that emphasizes individual freedoms, equality, and government intervention for social welfare and economic opportunity

liberal

liberal

Ex: The liberal approach to economics favors government regulation to address market failures and promote income equality. 

Pendekatan liberal terhadap ekonomi mendukung regulasi pemerintah untuk mengatasi kegagalan pasar dan mempromosikan kesetaraan pendapatan.

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independence
independence
[Kata benda]

the state of being free from the control of others

kemerdekaan, otonomi

kemerdekaan, otonomi

Ex: She valued her independence and preferred to make decisions on her own. 

Dia menghargai kemandiriannya dan lebih suka membuat keputusan sendiri.

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monarchy
monarchy
[Kata benda]

a system of government or a country or state that is ruled by a king or queen

monarki, kerajaan

monarki, kerajaan

Ex: The citizens celebrated the anniversary of their monarchy with a grand parade. 

Warga merayakan hari jadi monarki mereka dengan parade besar.

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propaganda
propaganda
[Kata benda]

information and statements that are mostly biased and false and are used to promote a political cause or leader

propaganda

propaganda

Ex: The documentary exposed how propaganda was used to manipulate public opinion. 

Dokumenter itu mengungkapkan bagaimana propaganda digunakan untuk memanipulasi opini publik.

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anarchy
anarchy
[Kata benda]

the state of an organization or country that is lacking in order, authority, or control

anarki, kekacauan

anarki, kekacauan

Ex: The collapse of the central authority led to widespread anarchy in the region. 

Runtuhnya otoritas pusat menyebabkan anarki yang meluas di wilayah tersebut.

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opposition
opposition
[Kata benda]

the main political party opposed to the government

oposisi

oposisi

Ex: In parliament, the opposition presented an alternative budget proposal. 

Di parlemen, oposisi mengajukan proposal anggaran alternatif.

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revolution
revolution
[Kata benda]

the fundamental change of power, government, etc. in a country by people, particularly involving violence

revolusi

revolusi

Ex: The revolution was sparked by widespread discontent with the oppressive regime. 

Revolusi dipicu oleh ketidakpuasan luas terhadap rezim yang menindas.

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to reform
to reform
[kata kerja]

to make a society, law, system, or organization better or more effective by making many changes to it

mereformasi, memperbaiki

mereformasi, memperbaiki

Ex: The organization plans to reform its fundraising strategies to increase revenue and support its mission. 

Organisasi berencana untuk mereformasi strategi penggalangan dana untuk meningkatkan pendapatan dan mendukung misinya.

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