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TOEFL için Gerekli Kelime Bilgisi - Politics

Burada, TOEFL sınavı için gerekli olan "zirve", "kanat", "senato" gibi politika ile ilgili bazı İngilizce kelimeleri öğreneceksiniz.

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Öğrenmeye başla
Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
regime
[isim]

a system of governing that is authoritarian and usually not selected in a fair election

rejim

rejim

Ex: The authoritarian regime imposed strict censorship on the media.Otoriter **rejim**, medyaya sıkı bir sansür uyguladı.

a senior official whose job is living in a foreign country and representing their own country

sefir, elçi

sefir, elçi

Ex: The newly appointed ambassador is expected to arrive at the foreign capital next month to assume his duties .Yeni atanan **büyükelçi**nin gelecek ay görevlerini üstlenmek üzere yabancı başkente varması bekleniyor.
embassy
[isim]

a group of people who officially represent their government in another country

elçilik çalışanları

elçilik çalışanları

summit
[isim]

an official gathering during which the heads of governments discuss crucial issues

toplantı

toplantı

wing
[isim]

members of a political party or other organization who have a certain function or share certain views

aynı fikri taşıyan kanat

aynı fikri taşıyan kanat

Ex: The extremist wing of the movement advocated for radical changes to immigration laws and border security .Hareketin aşırı **kanadı**, göç yasalarında ve sınır güvenliğinde köklü değişiklikler savundu.

a person who speaks formally for an organization, government, etc.

sözcü

sözcü

Ex: The spokesperson denied any involvement of the company in the allegations .**Sözcü**, şirketin iddialara herhangi bir şekilde karıştığını reddetti.

a system of government that is controlled by officials who are not elected rather employed

bürokrasi

bürokrasi

Ex: The manager found the bureaucracy to be a big obstacle .Yönetici, **bürokrasi**yi büyük bir engel olarak buldu.
democracy
[isim]

a form of government where the power is vested in the hands of the people, either directly or through elected representatives

demokrasi ülkesi

demokrasi ülkesi

Ex: In a democracy, the judiciary is independent from the executive and legislative branches .Bir **demokrasi**de yargı, yürütme ve yasama organlarından bağımsızdır.
democratic
[sıfat]

related to or characteristic of a system of government where power comes from the people through free elections and respects individual rights

demokratik

demokratik

Ex: The democratic system fosters civic engagement and encourages active participation in public affairs .**Demokratik** sistem, sivil katılımı teşvik eder ve kamu işlerinde aktif katılımı cesaretlendirir.
democrat
[isim]

someone who supports social equality, healthcare reform, environmental protection, and a more active role for government in addressing social issues

demokrat partili

demokrat partili

Ex: In recent elections, Democrats have focused on issues like affordable education and criminal justice reform.Son seçimlerde, **demokratlar** uygun fiyatlı eğitim ve ceza adaleti reformu gibi konulara odaklandı.
congress
[isim]

(in some countries) the group of people who have been elected to make laws, which in the US it consists of the House of Representatives and the Senate

kongre

kongre

the group of elected representatives whose responsibility is to create, amend, and discuss laws or address political matters

meclis, parlamento

meclis, parlamento

Ex: The opposition party criticized the government 's policies during the parliament meeting .
senate
[isim]

a legislative or governing body, usually the smaller and more influential chamber in a bicameral system, with the authority to create, revise, or approve laws and policies

Senato

Senato

Ex: Bills must pass through the Senate before becoming law.Yasa tasarıları yasalaşmadan önce **Senato**'dan geçmelidir.
senator
[isim]

one of the members of Senate

senatör

senatör

cabinet
[isim]

senior members of a government who make decisions and control the policy of the government

kabine

kabine

Ex: The cabinet reshuffle aimed to bring fresh perspectives and expertise to address pressing social welfare issues .**Kabine** değişikliği, acil sosyal refah sorunlarını ele almak için yeni bakış açıları ve uzmanlık getirmeyi amaçlıyordu.
slogan
[isim]

a short memorable phrase that is used in advertising to draw people's attention toward something

slogan

slogan

Ex: The environmental group 's slogan " Save the Earth , One Step at a Time " resonated deeply with the public during their campaign .Çevre grubunun "Dünyayı Kurtar, Adım Adım" **sloganı**, kampanyaları sırasında halkla derinden yankı buldu.
campaign
[isim]

a set of actions organized in order to serve a political purpose

siyasi kampanya

siyasi kampanya

a person who aligns with or supports the principles and policies traditionally associated with conservative political ideologies

muhafazakar

muhafazakar

Ex: Many conservative MPs voiced their concerns over the proposed tax reforms.Birçok **muhafazakar** milletvekili, önerilen vergi reformları hakkındaki endişelerini dile getirdi.

a form of government where power is concentrated in the hands of a single individual or a small group, often with absolute authority, without the consent of the people

diktatörlük

diktatörlük

Ex: Many countries fought against dictatorship in the 20th century .20. yüzyılda birçok ülke **diktatörlüğe** karşı savaştı.
dictator
[isim]

a ruler that has total power over a state, particularly a ruler who gained power through force

diktatör

diktatör

Ex: After years of suffering under the dictator, the people rose up in a revolution to demand democracy .Diktatörün yönetimi altında yıllarca acı çektikten sonra, halk demokrasi talep etmek için bir devrimle ayaklandı.
council
[isim]

a group of elected people who govern a city, town, etc.

danışma kurulu, konsey

danışma kurulu, konsey

Ex: The council proposed new environmental regulations .**Konsey**, yeni çevre düzenlemeleri önerdi.
poll
[isim]

(plural) the process of casting or counting votes; the place in which votes are counted or casted

oylama

oylama

diplomacy
[isim]

the job, skill, or act of managing the relationships between different countries

diplomasi

diplomasi

Ex: His sharp diplomacy secured a vital trade agreement for his country .
diplomat
[isim]

an official representing a country's government in foreign relations

diplomat

diplomat

Ex: The diplomat participated in cultural exchanges to promote mutual understanding between nations .**Diplomat**, uluslar arasında karşılıklı anlayışı teşvik etmek için kültürel alışverişlere katıldı.
federal
[sıfat]

relating to the central government of a country rather than the local or regional governments

federal

federal

Ex: The federal budget allocates funds for national priorities , including infrastructure and social services .**Federal** bütçe, altyapı ve sosyal hizmetler dahil olmak üzere ulusal öncelikler için fon ayırır.
republic
[isim]

a governing system in which the supreme power is held by people and their chosen representatives

cumhuriyet

cumhuriyet

Ex: The republic celebrated its independence day with a grand parade .**Cumhuriyet**, bağımsızlık gününü büyük bir geçit töreniyle kutladı.

(in the US) someone who supports or is a member of the Republican Party

cumhuriyetçi parti taraftarı

cumhuriyetçi parti taraftarı

extremism
[isim]

religious or political actions, beliefs, or ideas that most people find them extreme, unreasonable, and abnormal

aşırılık

aşırılık

Ex: Efforts to combat extremism must focus on education and promoting tolerance to prevent radicalization .Aşırılıkla mücadele çabaları, radikalleşmeyi önlemek için eğitim ve hoşgörüyü teşvik etmeye odaklanmalıdır.
radical
[isim]

a person whose political inclination is social and political change

radikal

radikal

a system of international trading in which there are no restrictions or taxes on goods bought or sold

serbest ticaret

serbest ticaret

Ex: Negotiations for a new free trade deal between the two countries stalled due to disagreements over agricultural tariffs .İki ülke arasında yeni bir **serbest ticaret** anlaşması için yapılan müzakereler, tarife vergileri üzerindeki anlaşmazlıklar nedeniyle durdu.
governor
[isim]

someone who is in charge of a region or town

vali

vali

liberal
[sıfat]

related to or characteristic of a political ideology that emphasizes individual freedoms, equality, and government intervention for social welfare and economic opportunity

liberal

liberal

Ex: Critics argue that liberal policies can lead to excessive government intervention and dependency on welfare programs .Eleştirmenler, **liberal** politikaların aşırı devlet müdahalesine ve refah programlarına bağımlılığa yol açabileceğini savunuyor.

the state of being free from the control of others

bağımsızlık, özgürlük

bağımsızlık, özgürlük

Ex: Many people strive for independence in their careers , seeking self-sufficiency .Birçok insan kariyerlerinde **bağımsızlık** için çabalar, kendi kendine yeterlilik arar.
monarchy
[isim]

a system of government or a country or state that is ruled by a king or queen

monarşi

monarşi

Ex: In a constitutional monarchy, the king or queen 's powers are limited by law .Anayasal bir **monarşi**de, kral veya kraliçenin yetkileri yasayla sınırlandırılmıştır.

information and statements that are mostly biased and false and are used to promote a political cause or leader

propaganda

propaganda

Ex: The rise of social media has made it easier to disseminate propaganda quickly and widely .Sosyal medyanın yükselişi, **propaganda**nın hızlı ve geniş bir şekilde yayılmasını kolaylaştırdı.
anarchy
[isim]

the state of an organization or country that is lacking in order, authority, or control

kaos, anarşi

kaos, anarşi

Ex: The sudden resignation of all leaders resulted in anarchy within the organization .Tüm liderlerin ani istifası, organizasyon içinde **anarşi** ile sonuçlandı.

the main political party opposed to the government

muhalefet partisi

muhalefet partisi

Ex: The opposition accused the government of suppressing free speech and dissent .**Muhalefet**, hükümeti ifade özgürlüğünü ve muhalefeti bastırmakla suçladı.

the fundamental change of power, government, etc. in a country by people, particularly involving violence

devrim

devrim

Ex: The revolution resulted in significant political and social reforms across the nation .
to reform
[fiil]

to make a society, law, system, or organization better or more effective by making many changes to it

reform yapmak, yenilik yapmak

reform yapmak, yenilik yapmak

Ex: The school board is considering reforming the grading system to better reflect student performance .Okul yönetimi, öğrenci performansını daha iyi yansıtmak için not sistemini **reform** etmeyi düşünüyor.
TOEFL için Gerekli Kelime Bilgisi
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