Mahalagang Bokabularyo para sa TOEFL - Politics

a system of governing that is authoritarian and usually not selected in a fair election

rehimen, awtoritaryan na gobyerno

a senior official whose job is living in a foreign country and representing their own country

embahador, embahadora

a group of people who officially represent their government in another country

sambahayang diplomatiko

an official gathering during which the heads of governments discuss crucial issues

summit, pagtitipon

members of a political party or other organization who have a certain function or share certain views

pakpak, sangay

a person who speaks formally for an organization, government, etc.

tagapagsalita, kinatawan

a system of government that is controlled by officials who are not elected rather employed

burokrasiya

a system of government based on the vote of the public who choose their representatives periodically by free election

demokrasya

related to or characteristic of a system of government where power comes from the people through free elections and respects individual rights

demokratiko

someone who supports social equality, healthcare reform, environmental protection, and a more active role for government in addressing social issues

demokrat, tagapagtanggol ng katarungang panlipunan

(in some countries) the group of people who have been elected to make laws, which in the US it consists of the House of Representatives and the Senate

kongreso, asamblea

the group of elected representatives whose responsibility is to create, amend, and discuss laws or address political matters

parlamento, asembliya

a legislative or governing body, usually the smaller and more influential chamber in a bicameral system, with the authority to create, revise, or approve laws and policies

senado

one of the members of Senate

senador, senadora

senior members of a government who make decisions and control the policy of the government

kabinete, konsiyong ministri

a short memorable phrase that is used in advertising to draw people's attention toward something

slogan, pahayag

a set of actions organized in order to serve a political purpose

kampanya, politikal na kampanya

a person who aligns with or supports the principles and policies traditionally associated with conservative political ideologies

konserbatibo, konserbatibong babae

a form of government where power is concentrated in the hands of a single individual or a small group, often with absolute authority, without the consent of the people

diktadura, autokratikong pamahalaan

a ruler that has total power over a state, particularly a ruler who gained power through force

diktador

a group of elected people who govern a city, town, etc.

konsilyo, konseho

(plural) the process of casting or counting votes; the place in which votes are counted or casted

botohan, bot

the job, skill, or act of managing the relationships between different countries

diplomasiya

an official representing a country's government in foreign relations

diplomata

relating to the central government of a country rather than the local or regional governments

pederal, pederal

a governing system in which the supreme power is held by people and their chosen representatives

republika

(in the US) someone who supports or is a member of the Republican Party

republicano, republicana

religious or political actions, beliefs, or ideas that most people find them extreme, unreasonable, and abnormal

sobyetismo, radikalismo

a person whose political inclination is social and political change

radikal, rebolusyonaryo

a system of international trading in which there are no restrictions or taxes on goods bought or sold

malayang kalakalan, libre na kalakalan

someone who is in charge of a region or town

gobernador, tagapangasiwa

related to or characteristic of a political ideology that emphasizes individual freedoms, equality, and government intervention for social welfare and economic opportunity

liberal, progressibo

the state of being free from the control of others

kalayaan

a system of government or a country or state that is ruled by a king or queen

monarkiya

information and statements that are mostly biased and false and are used to promote a political cause or leader

pampropaganda

the state of an organization or country that is lacking in order, authority, or control

anarkiya

the main political party opposed to the government

oposisyon, partido ng oposisyon

the fundamental change of power, government, etc. in a country by people, particularly involving violence

rebolusyon, paghihimagsik

to make a society, law, system, or organization better or more effective by making many changes to it

i-reform, pahusayin