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Nödvändigt Ordförråd för TOEFL - Politics

Här kommer du att lära dig några engelska ord om politik, såsom "toppmöte", "vinge", "senat", etc., som behövs för TOEFL-provet.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
regime
[Substantiv]

a system of governing that is authoritarian and usually not selected in a fair election

regim, auktoritär regering

regim, auktoritär regering

Ex: The authoritarian regime imposed strict censorship on the media.Det auktoritära **regimet** införde strikt censur på media.
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ambassador
[Substantiv]

a senior official whose job is living in a foreign country and representing their own country

ambassadör, sändebud

ambassadör, sändebud

Ex: The newly appointed ambassador is expected to arrive at the foreign capital next month to assume his duties .Den nyligen utnämnda **ambassadören** förväntas anlända till den utländska huvudstaden nästa månad för att tillträda sina uppdrag.
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embassy
[Substantiv]

a group of people who officially represent their government in another country

ambassad

ambassad

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summit
[Substantiv]

an official gathering during which the heads of governments discuss crucial issues

toppmöte

toppmöte

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wing
[Substantiv]

members of a political party or other organization who have a certain function or share certain views

vinge, fraktion

vinge, fraktion

Ex: The extremist wing of the movement advocated for radical changes to immigration laws and border security .Den extremistiska **falangen** i rörelsen förespråkade radikala förändringar i invandringslagarna och gränssäkerheten.
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spokesperson
[Substantiv]

a person who speaks formally for an organization, government, etc.

talesperson, representant

talesperson, representant

Ex: The spokesperson denied any involvement of the company in the allegations .**Talespersonen** förnekade alla anklagelser om företagets inblandning.
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bureaucracy
[Substantiv]

a system of government that is controlled by officials who are not elected rather employed

byråkrati, byråkratisk förvaltning

byråkrati, byråkratisk förvaltning

Ex: The manager found the bureaucracy to be a big obstacle .Chefen ansåg att **byråkrati** var ett stort hinder.
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democracy
[Substantiv]

a form of government where the power is vested in the hands of the people, either directly or through elected representatives

demokrati

demokrati

Ex: In a democracy, the judiciary is independent from the executive and legislative branches .I en **demokrati** är domstolen oberoende av den verkställande och lagstiftande grenen.
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democratic
[adjektiv]

related to or characteristic of a system of government where power comes from the people through free elections and respects individual rights

demokratisk, relaterad till demokrati

demokratisk, relaterad till demokrati

Ex: The democratic system fosters civic engagement and encourages active participation in public affairs .Det **demokratiska** systemet främjar medborgarnas engagemang och uppmuntrar aktivt deltagande i offentliga angelägenheter.
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democrat
[Substantiv]

someone who supports social equality, healthcare reform, environmental protection, and a more active role for government in addressing social issues

demokrat, förespråkare för social demokrati

demokrat, förespråkare för social demokrati

Ex: In recent elections, Democrats have focused on issues like affordable education and criminal justice reform.I de senaste valen har **demokraterna** fokuserat på frågor som överkomlig utbildning och reform av den kriminala rättvisan.
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congress
[Substantiv]

(in some countries) the group of people who have been elected to make laws, which in the US it consists of the House of Representatives and the Senate

kongress, lagstiftande församling

kongress, lagstiftande församling

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parliament
[Substantiv]

the group of elected representatives whose responsibility is to create, amend, and discuss laws or address political matters

parlament

parlament

Ex: The opposition party criticized the government 's policies during the parliament meeting .
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senate
[Substantiv]

a legislative or governing body, usually the smaller and more influential chamber in a bicameral system, with the authority to create, revise, or approve laws and policies

senat, överhus

senat, överhus

Ex: Bills must pass through the Senate before becoming law.Lagförslag måste gå igenom **senaten** innan de blir lag.
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senator
[Substantiv]

one of the members of Senate

senator

senator

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cabinet
[Substantiv]

senior members of a government who make decisions and control the policy of the government

kabinett

kabinett

Ex: The cabinet reshuffle aimed to bring fresh perspectives and expertise to address pressing social welfare issues .Ombildningen av **kabinettet** syftade till att ta med nya perspektiv och expertis för att hantera pressande sociala välfärdsfrågor.
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slogan
[Substantiv]

a short memorable phrase that is used in advertising to draw people's attention toward something

slogan, motto

slogan, motto

Ex: The environmental group 's slogan " Save the Earth , One Step at a Time " resonated deeply with the public during their campaign .Miljögruppens **slogan** "Rädda Jorden, Steg för Steg" fick stark genklang hos allmänheten under deras kampanj.
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campaign
[Substantiv]

a set of actions organized in order to serve a political purpose

kampanj

kampanj

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conservative
[Substantiv]

a person who aligns with or supports the principles and policies traditionally associated with conservative political ideologies

konservativ, traditionalist

konservativ, traditionalist

Ex: Many conservative MPs voiced their concerns over the proposed tax reforms.Många **konservativa** parlamentsledamoter uttryckte sina farhågor om de föreslagna skattereformerna.
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dictatorship
[Substantiv]

a form of government where power is concentrated in the hands of a single individual or a small group, often with absolute authority, without the consent of the people

diktatur, diktatoriskt regime

diktatur, diktatoriskt regime

Ex: Many countries fought against dictatorship in the 20th century .Många länder kämpade mot **diktatur** under 1900-talet.
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dictator
[Substantiv]

a ruler that has total power over a state, particularly a ruler who gained power through force

diktator, tyrann

diktator, tyrann

Ex: After years of suffering under the dictator, the people rose up in a revolution to demand democracy .Efter år av lidande under **diktatorn** reste sig folket i en revolution för att kräva demokrati.
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council
[Substantiv]

a group of elected people who govern a city, town, etc.

råd, församling

råd, församling

Ex: The council proposed new environmental regulations .**Rådet** föreslog nya miljöregler.
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poll
[Substantiv]

(plural) the process of casting or counting votes; the place in which votes are counted or casted

omröstning, vallokal

omröstning, vallokal

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diplomacy
[Substantiv]

the job, skill, or act of managing the relationships between different countries

diplomati

diplomati

Ex: His sharp diplomacy secured a vital trade agreement for his country .
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diplomat
[Substantiv]

an official representing a country's government in foreign relations

diplomat, diplomatisk representant

diplomat, diplomatisk representant

Ex: The diplomat participated in cultural exchanges to promote mutual understanding between nations .**Diplomaten** deltog i kulturella utbyten för att främja ömsesidig förståelse mellan nationer.
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federal
[adjektiv]

relating to the central government of a country rather than the local or regional governments

federal, nationell

federal, nationell

Ex: The federal budget allocates funds for national priorities , including infrastructure and social services .Den **federala** budgeten tilldelar medel för nationella prioriteringar, inklusive infrastruktur och sociala tjänster.
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republic
[Substantiv]

a governing system in which the supreme power is held by people and their chosen representatives

republik, republik

republik, republik

Ex: The republic celebrated its independence day with a grand parade .**Republiken** firade sin självständighetsdag med en stor parad.
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Republican
[Substantiv]

(in the US) someone who supports or is a member of the Republican Party

republikan, medlem i Republikanska partiet

republikan, medlem i Republikanska partiet

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extremism
[Substantiv]

religious or political actions, beliefs, or ideas that most people find them extreme, unreasonable, and abnormal

extremism, radikalism

extremism, radikalism

Ex: Efforts to combat extremism must focus on education and promoting tolerance to prevent radicalization .Ansträngningar för att bekämpa **extremism** måste fokusera på utbildning och främja tolerans för att förhindra radikalisering.
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radical
[Substantiv]

a person whose political inclination is social and political change

radikal, aktivist

radikal, aktivist

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free trade
[Substantiv]

a system of international trading in which there are no restrictions or taxes on goods bought or sold

frihandel, handelsfrihet

frihandel, handelsfrihet

Ex: Negotiations for a new free trade deal between the two countries stalled due to disagreements over agricultural tariffs .Förhandlingarna om ett nytt **frihandelsavtal** mellan de två länderna fastnade på grund av oenigheter om jordbrukstullar.
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governor
[Substantiv]

someone who is in charge of a region or town

guvernör, borgmästare

guvernör, borgmästare

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liberal
[adjektiv]

related to or characteristic of a political ideology that emphasizes individual freedoms, equality, and government intervention for social welfare and economic opportunity

liberal

liberal

Ex: Critics argue that liberal policies can lead to excessive government intervention and dependency on welfare programs .Kritiker hävdar att **liberala** policys kan leda till överdriven statlig inblandning och beroende av välfärdsprogram.
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independence
[Substantiv]

the state of being free from the control of others

oberoende, autonomi

oberoende, autonomi

Ex: Many people strive for independence in their careers , seeking self-sufficiency .Många människor strävar efter **oberoende** i sina karriärer, söker självförsörjning.
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monarchy
[Substantiv]

a system of government or a country or state that is ruled by a king or queen

monarki, kungadöme

monarki, kungadöme

Ex: In a constitutional monarchy, the king or queen 's powers are limited by law .I en konstitutionell **monarki** är kungens eller drottningens befogenheter begränsade av lagen.
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propaganda
[Substantiv]

information and statements that are mostly biased and false and are used to promote a political cause or leader

propaganda

propaganda

Ex: The rise of social media has made it easier to disseminate propaganda quickly and widely .Framväxten av sociala medier har gjort det enklare att sprida **propaganda** snabbt och brett.
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anarchy
[Substantiv]

the state of an organization or country that is lacking in order, authority, or control

anarki, kaos

anarki, kaos

Ex: The sudden resignation of all leaders resulted in anarchy within the organization .Den plötsliga avgången av alla ledare resulterade i **anarki** inom organisationen.
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opposition
[Substantiv]

the main political party opposed to the government

opposition

opposition

Ex: The opposition accused the government of suppressing free speech and dissent .**Oppositionen** anklagade regeringen för att undertrycka yttrandefrihet och meningsskiljaktighet.
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revolution
[Substantiv]

the fundamental change of power, government, etc. in a country by people, particularly involving violence

revolution

revolution

Ex: The revolution resulted in significant political and social reforms across the nation .
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to reform
[Verb]

to make a society, law, system, or organization better or more effective by making many changes to it

reformera, förbättra

reformera, förbättra

Ex: The school board is considering reforming the grading system to better reflect student performance .Skolstyrelsen överväger att **reformera** betygssystemet för att bättre återspegla elevprestationer.
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