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TOEFL のための基本語彙 - Politics

ここでは、TOEFL試験に必要な「サミット」「ウィング」「上院」などの政治に関する英単語を学びます。

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
regime

a system of governing that is authoritarian and usually not selected in a fair election

政権, 権威主義的な体制

政権, 権威主義的な体制

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[名詞]
ambassador

a senior official whose job is living in a foreign country and representing their own country

大使, 大使館長

大使, 大使館長

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[名詞]
embassy

a group of people who officially represent their government in another country

大使館

大使館

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[名詞]
summit

an official gathering during which the heads of governments discuss crucial issues

サミット, 首脳会議

サミット, 首脳会議

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[名詞]
wing

members of a political party or other organization who have a certain function or share certain views

派閥, 翼

派閥, 翼

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[名詞]
spokesperson

a person who speaks formally for an organization, government, etc.

スポークスパーソン, 代表者

スポークスパーソン, 代表者

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[名詞]
bureaucracy

a system of government that is controlled by officials who are not elected rather employed

官僚制

官僚制

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[名詞]
democracy

a system of government based on the vote of the public who choose their representatives periodically by free election

民主主義

民主主義

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[名詞]
democratic

related to or characteristic of a system of government where power comes from the people through free elections and respects individual rights

民主的な

民主的な

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[形容詞]
democrat

someone who supports social equality, healthcare reform, environmental protection, and a more active role for government in addressing social issues

民主党員, 社会的平等支持者

民主党員, 社会的平等支持者

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[名詞]
congress

(in some countries) the group of people who have been elected to make laws, which in the US it consists of the House of Representatives and the Senate

国会, コングレス

国会, コングレス

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[名詞]
parliament

the group of elected representatives whose responsibility is to create, amend, and discuss laws or address political matters

議会, 国会

議会, 国会

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[名詞]
senate

a legislative or governing body, usually the smaller and more influential chamber in a bicameral system, with the authority to create, revise, or approve laws and policies

上院

上院

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[名詞]
senator

one of the members of Senate

上院議員, 女性上院議員

上院議員, 女性上院議員

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[名詞]
cabinet

senior members of a government who make decisions and control the policy of the government

内閣, 閣議

内閣, 閣議

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[名詞]
slogan

a short memorable phrase that is used in advertising to draw people's attention toward something

スローガン, 標語

スローガン, 標語

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[名詞]
campaign

a set of actions organized in order to serve a political purpose

キャンペーン, 政治キャンペーン

キャンペーン, 政治キャンペーン

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[名詞]
conservative

a person who aligns with or supports the principles and policies traditionally associated with conservative political ideologies

保守派, 保守的な女性

保守派, 保守的な女性

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[名詞]
dictatorship

a form of government where power is concentrated in the hands of a single individual or a small group, often with absolute authority, without the consent of the people

独裁, 全体主義的な政府

独裁, 全体主義的な政府

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[名詞]
dictator

a ruler that has total power over a state, particularly a ruler who gained power through force

独裁者

独裁者

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[名詞]
council

a group of elected people who govern a city, town, etc.

評議会, 議会

評議会, 議会

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[名詞]
poll

(plural) the process of casting or counting votes; the place in which votes are counted or casted

投票, 投票所

投票, 投票所

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[名詞]
diplomacy

the job, skill, or act of managing the relationships between different countries

外交

外交

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[名詞]
diplomat

an official representing a country's government in foreign relations

外交官

外交官

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[名詞]
federal

relating to the central government of a country rather than the local or regional governments

連邦の, 連邦的な

連邦の, 連邦的な

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[形容詞]
republic

a governing system in which the supreme power is held by people and their chosen representatives

共和国

共和国

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[名詞]
Republican

(in the US) someone who supports or is a member of the Republican Party

共和党員, 共和党員(女性)

共和党員, 共和党員(女性)

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[名詞]
extremism

religious or political actions, beliefs, or ideas that most people find them extreme, unreasonable, and abnormal

過激主義, 急進主義

過激主義, 急進主義

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[名詞]
radical

a person whose political inclination is social and political change

急進派, 革命家

急進派, 革命家

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[名詞]
free trade

a system of international trading in which there are no restrictions or taxes on goods bought or sold

自由貿易, フリートレード

自由貿易, フリートレード

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[名詞]
governor

someone who is in charge of a region or town

知事, 統治者

知事, 統治者

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[名詞]
liberal

related to or characteristic of a political ideology that emphasizes individual freedoms, equality, and government intervention for social welfare and economic opportunity

リベラル, 進歩的

リベラル, 進歩的

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[形容詞]
independence

the state of being free from the control of others

独立

独立

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[名詞]
monarchy

a system of government or a country or state that is ruled by a king or queen

君主制

君主制

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[名詞]
propaganda

information and statements that are mostly biased and false and are used to promote a political cause or leader

プロパガンダ

プロパガンダ

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[名詞]
anarchy

the state of an organization or country that is lacking in order, authority, or control

無政府状態

無政府状態

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[名詞]
opposition

the main political party opposed to the government

野党, 野党の党

野党, 野党の党

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[名詞]
revolution

the fundamental change of power, government, etc. in a country by people, particularly involving violence

革命, 反乱

革命, 反乱

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[名詞]
to reform

to make a society, law, system, or organization better or more effective by making many changes to it

改革する, 改善する

改革する, 改善する

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[動詞]
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