pattern

TOEFL のための基本語彙 - Politics

ここでは、TOEFL試験に必要な「サミット」、「翼」、「上院」などの政治に関する英語の単語を学びます。

review-disable

レビュー

flashcard-disable

フラッシュカード

spelling-disable

綴り

quiz-disable

クイズ

学習を開始
Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
regime
[名詞]

a system of governing that is authoritarian and usually not selected in a fair election

政権, 独裁政権

政権, 独裁政権

Ex: The authoritarian regime imposed strict censorship on the media.権威主義的な**政権**はメディアに厳しい検閲を課した。
ambassador
[名詞]

a senior official whose job is living in a foreign country and representing their own country

大使, 使節

大使, 使節

Ex: The newly appointed ambassador is expected to arrive at the foreign capital next month to assume his duties .新たに任命された**大使**は、来月外国の首都に到着し、職務を開始すると予想されています。
embassy
[名詞]

a group of people who officially represent their government in another country

大使館

大使館

summit
[名詞]

an official gathering during which the heads of governments discuss crucial issues

サミット

サミット

wing
[名詞]

members of a political party or other organization who have a certain function or share certain views

翼, 派閥

翼, 派閥

Ex: The extremist wing of the movement advocated for radical changes to immigration laws and border security .運動の過激派**翼**は、移民法と国境警備の抜本的な変更を提唱した。
spokesperson
[名詞]

a person who speaks formally for an organization, government, etc.

スポークスパーソン, 代表者

スポークスパーソン, 代表者

Ex: The spokesperson denied any involvement of the company in the allegations .**広報担当者**は、会社がその疑惑に関与していることを否定した。
bureaucracy
[名詞]

a system of government that is controlled by officials who are not elected rather employed

官僚制, 官僚的な管理

官僚制, 官僚的な管理

Ex: The manager found the bureaucracy to be a big obstacle .マネージャーは**官僚主義**が大きな障害だと感じた。
democracy
[名詞]

a form of government where the power is vested in the hands of the people, either directly or through elected representatives

民主主義

民主主義

Ex: In a democracy, the judiciary is independent from the executive and legislative branches .**民主主義**では、司法は行政および立法部門から独立しています。
democratic
[形容詞]

related to or characteristic of a system of government where power comes from the people through free elections and respects individual rights

民主的な, 民主主義に関連する

民主的な, 民主主義に関連する

Ex: The democratic system fosters civic engagement and encourages active participation in public affairs .**民主主義の**システムは市民の関与を促進し、公共の問題への積極的な参加を奨励します。
democrat
[名詞]

someone who supports social equality, healthcare reform, environmental protection, and a more active role for government in addressing social issues

民主党員, 社会民主主義の支持者

民主党員, 社会民主主義の支持者

Ex: In recent elections, Democrats have focused on issues like affordable education and criminal justice reform.最近の選挙では、**民主党**は手頃な価格の教育や刑事司法改革などの問題に焦点を当てています。
congress
[名詞]

(in some countries) the group of people who have been elected to make laws, which in the US it consists of the House of Representatives and the Senate

議会, 立法府

議会, 立法府

parliament
[名詞]

the group of elected representatives whose responsibility is to create, amend, and discuss laws or address political matters

議会

議会

Ex: The opposition party criticized the government 's policies during the parliament meeting .
senate
[名詞]

a legislative or governing body, usually the smaller and more influential chamber in a bicameral system, with the authority to create, revise, or approve laws and policies

上院, 元老院

上院, 元老院

Ex: Bills must pass through the Senate before becoming law.法案は法律になる前に**上院**を通過しなければなりません。
senator
[名詞]

one of the members of Senate

上院議員

上院議員

cabinet
[名詞]

senior members of a government who make decisions and control the policy of the government

内閣

内閣

Ex: The cabinet reshuffle aimed to bring fresh perspectives and expertise to address pressing social welfare issues .**内閣**の改造は、差し迫った社会福祉問題に対処するための新しい視点と専門知識をもたらすことを目的としていました。
slogan
[名詞]

a short memorable phrase that is used in advertising to draw people's attention toward something

スローガン, 標語

スローガン, 標語

Ex: The environmental group 's slogan " Save the Earth , One Step at a Time " resonated deeply with the public during their campaign .環境グループの**スローガン**「地球を救おう、一歩ずつ」は、キャンペーン中に深く共感を呼びました。
campaign
[名詞]

a set of actions organized in order to serve a political purpose

キャンペーン

キャンペーン

conservative
[名詞]

a person who aligns with or supports the principles and policies traditionally associated with conservative political ideologies

保守派, 伝統主義者

保守派, 伝統主義者

Ex: Many conservative MPs voiced their concerns over the proposed tax reforms.多くの**保守的**な国会議員が、提案された税制改革について懸念を表明した。
dictatorship
[名詞]

a form of government where power is concentrated in the hands of a single individual or a small group, often with absolute authority, without the consent of the people

独裁, 独裁政権

独裁, 独裁政権

Ex: Many countries fought against dictatorship in the 20th century .20世紀には多くの国が**独裁政権**と戦った。
dictator
[名詞]

a ruler that has total power over a state, particularly a ruler who gained power through force

独裁者, 暴君

独裁者, 暴君

Ex: After years of suffering under the dictator, the people rose up in a revolution to demand democracy .**独裁者**の下で何年も苦しんだ後、人々は民主主義を要求するために革命を起こしました。
council
[名詞]

a group of elected people who govern a city, town, etc.

議会, 評議会

議会, 評議会

Ex: The council proposed new environmental regulations .**評議会**は新しい環境規制を提案しました。
poll
[名詞]

(plural) the process of casting or counting votes; the place in which votes are counted or casted

投票, 投票所

投票, 投票所

diplomacy
[名詞]

the job, skill, or act of managing the relationships between different countries

外交

外交

Ex: His sharp diplomacy secured a vital trade agreement for his country .
diplomat
[名詞]

an official representing a country's government in foreign relations

外交官, 外交代表

外交官, 外交代表

Ex: The diplomat participated in cultural exchanges to promote mutual understanding between nations .**外交官**は、国家間の相互理解を促進するために文化交流に参加しました。
federal
[形容詞]

relating to the central government of a country rather than the local or regional governments

連邦の, 中央の

連邦の, 中央の

Ex: The federal budget allocates funds for national priorities , including infrastructure and social services .**連邦**予算は、インフラや社会サービスを含む国家的優先事項に資金を割り当てます。
republic
[名詞]

a governing system in which the supreme power is held by people and their chosen representatives

共和国, 共和国

共和国, 共和国

Ex: The republic celebrated its independence day with a grand parade .**共和国**は盛大なパレードで独立記念日を祝った。
Republican
[名詞]

(in the US) someone who supports or is a member of the Republican Party

共和党員, 共和党のメンバー

共和党員, 共和党のメンバー

extremism
[名詞]

religious or political actions, beliefs, or ideas that most people find them extreme, unreasonable, and abnormal

過激主義, 急進主義

過激主義, 急進主義

Ex: Efforts to combat extremism must focus on education and promoting tolerance to prevent radicalization .過激主義と戦う取り組みは、過激化を防ぐために教育と寛容の促進に焦点を当てる必要があります。
radical
[名詞]

a person whose political inclination is social and political change

急進主義者, 活動家

急進主義者, 活動家

free trade
[名詞]

a system of international trading in which there are no restrictions or taxes on goods bought or sold

自由貿易, フリートレード

自由貿易, フリートレード

Ex: Negotiations for a new free trade deal between the two countries stalled due to disagreements over agricultural tariffs .両国間の新しい**自由貿易**協定の交渉は、農業関税をめぐる意見の相違により停滞した。
governor
[名詞]

someone who is in charge of a region or town

知事, 市長

知事, 市長

liberal
[形容詞]

related to or characteristic of a political ideology that emphasizes individual freedoms, equality, and government intervention for social welfare and economic opportunity

リベラル

リベラル

Ex: Critics argue that liberal policies can lead to excessive government intervention and dependency on welfare programs .批評家たちは、**リベラル**な政策が政府の過剰な介入と福祉プログラムへの依存を招く可能性があると主張している。
independence
[名詞]

the state of being free from the control of others

独立, 自治

独立, 自治

Ex: Many people strive for independence in their careers , seeking self-sufficiency .多くの人々がキャリアにおいて**独立**を求め、自給自足を目指しています。
monarchy
[名詞]

a system of government or a country or state that is ruled by a king or queen

君主制, 王国

君主制, 王国

Ex: In a constitutional monarchy, the king or queen 's powers are limited by law .立憲**君主制**では、王または女王の権力は法律によって制限されています。
propaganda
[名詞]

information and statements that are mostly biased and false and are used to promote a political cause or leader

プロパガンダ

プロパガンダ

Ex: The rise of social media has made it easier to disseminate propaganda quickly and widely .ソーシャルメディアの台頭により、**プロパガンダ**を迅速かつ広範囲に拡散することが容易になりました。
anarchy
[名詞]

the state of an organization or country that is lacking in order, authority, or control

無政府状態, 混乱

無政府状態, 混乱

Ex: The sudden resignation of all leaders resulted in anarchy within the organization .すべてのリーダーの突然の辞任は、組織内に**無政府状態**をもたらした。
opposition
[名詞]

the main political party opposed to the government

野党

野党

Ex: The opposition accused the government of suppressing free speech and dissent .**野党**は政府が言論の自由と反対意見を抑圧していると非難した。
revolution
[名詞]

the fundamental change of power, government, etc. in a country by people, particularly involving violence

革命

革命

Ex: The revolution resulted in significant political and social reforms across the nation .
to reform
[動詞]

to make a society, law, system, or organization better or more effective by making many changes to it

改革する, 改善する

改革する, 改善する

Ex: The school board is considering reforming the grading system to better reflect student performance .教育委員会は、生徒の成績をよりよく反映させるために評定システムの**改革**を検討しています。
TOEFL のための基本語彙
LanGeek
LanGeekアプリをダウンロード