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المفردات الضرورية للاختبار TOEFL - Politics
ستتعلم هنا بعض الكلمات الإنجليزية المتعلقة بالسياسة، مثل "summit"، و"wing"، و"senate"، وما إلى ذلك، اللازمة لامتحان TOEFL.
مراجعة
بطاقات الفلاش
الهجاء
اختبار قصير
a system of governing that is authoritarian and usually not selected in a fair election
نظام, حكومة استبدادية
a senior official whose job is living in a foreign country and representing their own country
سفير, سفيرة
a group of people who officially represent their government in another country
سفارة
an official gathering during which the heads of governments discuss crucial issues
قمة, اجتماع قمة
members of a political party or other organization who have a certain function or share certain views
جناح, فصيل
a person who speaks formally for an organization, government, etc.
متحدث رسمي, ناطق رسمي
a system of government that is controlled by officials who are not elected rather employed
البيروقراطية
a system of government based on the vote of the public who choose their representatives periodically by free election
الديمقراطية
related to or characteristic of a system of government where power comes from the people through free elections and respects individual rights
ديمقراطي
someone who supports social equality, healthcare reform, environmental protection, and a more active role for government in addressing social issues
ديمقراطي, مؤيد للمساواة الاجتماعية
(in some countries) the group of people who have been elected to make laws, which in the US it consists of the House of Representatives and the Senate
الكونغرس, الجمعية
the group of elected representatives whose responsibility is to create, amend, and discuss laws or address political matters
البرلمان, مجلس النواب
a legislative or governing body, usually the smaller and more influential chamber in a bicameral system, with the authority to create, revise, or approve laws and policies
مجلس الشيوخ
senior members of a government who make decisions and control the policy of the government
مجلس الوزراء, الحكومة
a short memorable phrase that is used in advertising to draw people's attention toward something
شعار, جملة دعائية
a set of actions organized in order to serve a political purpose
حملة, حملة سياسية
a person who aligns with or supports the principles and policies traditionally associated with conservative political ideologies
محافظ, محافظة
a form of government where power is concentrated in the hands of a single individual or a small group, often with absolute authority, without the consent of the people
ديكتاتورية, حكم استبدادي
a ruler that has total power over a state, particularly a ruler who gained power through force
ديكتاتور
(plural) the process of casting or counting votes; the place in which votes are counted or casted
الانتخابات, صندوق الاقتراع
the job, skill, or act of managing the relationships between different countries
دبلوماسية
an official representing a country's government in foreign relations
دبلوماسي
relating to the central government of a country rather than the local or regional governments
فيدرالي, فيدرالية
a governing system in which the supreme power is held by people and their chosen representatives
جمهورية
(in the US) someone who supports or is a member of the Republican Party
جمهوري, جمهورية
religious or political actions, beliefs, or ideas that most people find them extreme, unreasonable, and abnormal
التطرف, الجهل
a person whose political inclination is social and political change
راديكالي, ثوري
a system of international trading in which there are no restrictions or taxes on goods bought or sold
التجارة الحرة, صناعة التجارة الحرة
related to or characteristic of a political ideology that emphasizes individual freedoms, equality, and government intervention for social welfare and economic opportunity
ليبرالي, تقدمي
a system of government or a country or state that is ruled by a king or queen
ملكية
information and statements that are mostly biased and false and are used to promote a political cause or leader
دعاية
the state of an organization or country that is lacking in order, authority, or control
فوضى
the main political party opposed to the government
المعارضة, حزب المعارضة
the fundamental change of power, government, etc. in a country by people, particularly involving violence
ثورة, انتفاضة
to make a society, law, system, or organization better or more effective by making many changes to it
إصلاح, تحسين
