TOEFL کے لیے ضروری الفاظ - Politics

a system of governing that is authoritarian and usually not selected in a fair election

حکومت, آمرانہ حکومت

a senior official whose job is living in a foreign country and representing their own country

سفیر, سفیرہ

a group of people who officially represent their government in another country

سفارت

an official gathering during which the heads of governments discuss crucial issues

سمٹ, اجلاس

members of a political party or other organization who have a certain function or share certain views

پہلو, جناح

a person who speaks formally for an organization, government, etc.

ترجمان, نمائندہ

a system of government that is controlled by officials who are not elected rather employed

بیوروکریسی

a system of government based on the vote of the public who choose their representatives periodically by free election

جمہوریت

related to or characteristic of a system of government where power comes from the people through free elections and respects individual rights

جمہوری

someone who supports social equality, healthcare reform, environmental protection, and a more active role for government in addressing social issues

جمہوری, سماجی انصاف کے حامی

(in some countries) the group of people who have been elected to make laws, which in the US it consists of the House of Representatives and the Senate

کانگریس, اجلاس

the group of elected representatives whose responsibility is to create, amend, and discuss laws or address political matters

پارلیمنٹ, اسمبلی

a legislative or governing body, usually the smaller and more influential chamber in a bicameral system, with the authority to create, revise, or approve laws and policies

سینیٹ

one of the members of Senate

سینیٹر, سینیٹر خاتون

senior members of a government who make decisions and control the policy of the government

کابینہ, وزارتی اجلاس

a short memorable phrase that is used in advertising to draw people's attention toward something

نعرہ, سلوگن

a set of actions organized in order to serve a political purpose

مہم, سیاسی مہم

a person who aligns with or supports the principles and policies traditionally associated with conservative political ideologies

روایتی, روایتی عورت

a form of government where power is concentrated in the hands of a single individual or a small group, often with absolute authority, without the consent of the people

آمریت, آمرانہ حکومت

a ruler that has total power over a state, particularly a ruler who gained power through force

آمریت

a group of elected people who govern a city, town, etc.

کونسل, مقامی کونسل

(plural) the process of casting or counting votes; the place in which votes are counted or casted

رائے شماری, رائے دہی کا مقام

the job, skill, or act of managing the relationships between different countries

سفارتکاری

an official representing a country's government in foreign relations

سفیر

relating to the central government of a country rather than the local or regional governments

وفاقی, وفاقی

a governing system in which the supreme power is held by people and their chosen representatives

جمہوریہ

(in the US) someone who supports or is a member of the Republican Party

ریپبلکن, ریپبلکن عورت

religious or political actions, beliefs, or ideas that most people find them extreme, unreasonable, and abnormal

انتہا پسندی, کٹر پن

a person whose political inclination is social and political change

ریڈیکل, انقلابی

a system of international trading in which there are no restrictions or taxes on goods bought or sold

مفت تجارت, آزاد تجارت

someone who is in charge of a region or town

گورنر, حاکم

related to or characteristic of a political ideology that emphasizes individual freedoms, equality, and government intervention for social welfare and economic opportunity

لبرل, ترقی پسند

the state of being free from the control of others

آزادی

a system of government or a country or state that is ruled by a king or queen

سلطنت

information and statements that are mostly biased and false and are used to promote a political cause or leader

پروپیگنڈا

the state of an organization or country that is lacking in order, authority, or control

انارکی

the main political party opposed to the government

اپوزیشن, اپوزیشن پارٹی

the fundamental change of power, government, etc. in a country by people, particularly involving violence

انقلاب, اُولڑھی

to make a society, law, system, or organization better or more effective by making many changes to it

اصلاح کرنا, بہتر بنانا