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托福必备词汇 - Politics

在这里你将学习托福考试所需的一些有关政治的英语单词,例如“summit”、“wing”、“senate”等。

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
regime

a system of governing that is authoritarian and usually not selected in a fair election

政权, 专制政体

政权, 专制政体

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"regime" 的定义和意义
ambassador

a senior official whose job is living in a foreign country and representing their own country

大使, 女大使

大使, 女大使

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"ambassador" 的定义和意义
embassy

a group of people who officially represent their government in another country

大使馆

大使馆

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"embassy" 的定义和意义
summit

an official gathering during which the heads of governments discuss crucial issues

峰会, 高峰会议

峰会, 高峰会议

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"summit" 的定义和意义
wing

members of a political party or other organization who have a certain function or share certain views

派别, 分支

派别, 分支

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"wing" 的定义和意义
spokesperson

a person who speaks formally for an organization, government, etc.

发言人, 代表

发言人, 代表

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"spokesperson" 的定义和意义
bureaucracy

a system of government that is controlled by officials who are not elected rather employed

官僚主义

官僚主义

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"bureaucracy" 的定义和意义
democracy

a system of government based on the vote of the public who choose their representatives periodically by free election

民主

民主

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"democracy" 的定义和意义
democratic

related to or characteristic of a system of government where power comes from the people through free elections and respects individual rights

民主的

民主的

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"democratic" 的定义和意义
democrat

someone who supports social equality, healthcare reform, environmental protection, and a more active role for government in addressing social issues

民主党人, 社会平等的支持者

民主党人, 社会平等的支持者

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"democrat" 的定义和意义
congress

(in some countries) the group of people who have been elected to make laws, which in the US it consists of the House of Representatives and the Senate

国会, 议会

国会, 议会

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"congress" 的定义和意义
parliament

the group of elected representatives whose responsibility is to create, amend, and discuss laws or address political matters

议会, 国会

议会, 国会

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"parliament" 的定义和意义
senate

a legislative or governing body, usually the smaller and more influential chamber in a bicameral system, with the authority to create, revise, or approve laws and policies

参议院

参议院

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"senate" 的定义和意义
senator

one of the members of Senate

参议员, 女参议员

参议员, 女参议员

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"senator" 的定义和意义
cabinet

senior members of a government who make decisions and control the policy of the government

内阁, 政府内阁

内阁, 政府内阁

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"cabinet" 的定义和意义
slogan

a short memorable phrase that is used in advertising to draw people's attention toward something

标语, 口号

标语, 口号

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"slogan" 的定义和意义
campaign

a set of actions organized in order to serve a political purpose

运动, 政治运动

运动, 政治运动

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"campaign" 的定义和意义
conservative

a person who aligns with or supports the principles and policies traditionally associated with conservative political ideologies

保守派, 女性保守派

保守派, 女性保守派

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"conservative" 的定义和意义
dictatorship

a form of government where power is concentrated in the hands of a single individual or a small group, often with absolute authority, without the consent of the people

独裁, 专制政体

独裁, 专制政体

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"dictatorship" 的定义和意义
dictator

a ruler that has total power over a state, particularly a ruler who gained power through force

独裁者

独裁者

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"dictator" 的定义和意义
council

a group of elected people who govern a city, town, etc.

委员会, 市议会

委员会, 市议会

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"council" 的定义和意义
poll

(plural) the process of casting or counting votes; the place in which votes are counted or casted

投票, 投票站

投票, 投票站

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"poll" 的定义和意义
diplomacy

the job, skill, or act of managing the relationships between different countries

外交

外交

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"diplomacy" 的定义和意义
diplomat

an official representing a country's government in foreign relations

外交官

外交官

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"diplomat" 的定义和意义
federal

relating to the central government of a country rather than the local or regional governments

联邦的, 联邦的

联邦的, 联邦的

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"federal" 的定义和意义
republic

a governing system in which the supreme power is held by people and their chosen representatives

共和国

共和国

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"republic" 的定义和意义
Republican

(in the US) someone who supports or is a member of the Republican Party

共和党人, 女性共和党人

共和党人, 女性共和党人

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"Republican" 的定义和意义
extremism

religious or political actions, beliefs, or ideas that most people find them extreme, unreasonable, and abnormal

极端主义, 激进主义

极端主义, 激进主义

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"extremism" 的定义和意义
radical

a person whose political inclination is social and political change

激进派, 革命者

激进派, 革命者

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"radical" 的定义和意义
free trade

a system of international trading in which there are no restrictions or taxes on goods bought or sold

自由贸易, 无障碍贸易

自由贸易, 无障碍贸易

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"free trade" 的定义和意义
governor

someone who is in charge of a region or town

州长, 管理者

州长, 管理者

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"governor" 的定义和意义
liberal

related to or characteristic of a political ideology that emphasizes individual freedoms, equality, and government intervention for social welfare and economic opportunity

自由主义的, 进步的

自由主义的, 进步的

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"liberal" 的定义和意义
independence

the state of being free from the control of others

独立

独立

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"independence" 的定义和意义
monarchy

a system of government or a country or state that is ruled by a king or queen

君主制

君主制

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"monarchy" 的定义和意义
propaganda

information and statements that are mostly biased and false and are used to promote a political cause or leader

宣传

宣传

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"propaganda" 的定义和意义
anarchy

the state of an organization or country that is lacking in order, authority, or control

无政府状态

无政府状态

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"anarchy" 的定义和意义
opposition

the main political party opposed to the government

反对派, 反对党

反对派, 反对党

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"opposition" 的定义和意义
revolution

the fundamental change of power, government, etc. in a country by people, particularly involving violence

革命, 起义

革命, 起义

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"revolution" 的定义和意义
to reform

to make a society, law, system, or organization better or more effective by making many changes to it

改革, 改善

改革, 改善

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"to reform" 的定义和意义
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