Vocabular Esențial pentru TOEFL - Politics

a system of governing that is authoritarian and usually not selected in a fair election

regim, guvern autoritar

a senior official whose job is living in a foreign country and representing their own country

ambasador, ambasadoare

a group of people who officially represent their government in another country

ambasada

an official gathering during which the heads of governments discuss crucial issues

summit, întâlnire de vârf

members of a political party or other organization who have a certain function or share certain views

aripi, frază

a person who speaks formally for an organization, government, etc.

purtător de cuvânt, reprezentant

a system of government that is controlled by officials who are not elected rather employed

biurocrație

a system of government based on the vote of the public who choose their representatives periodically by free election

democrație

related to or characteristic of a system of government where power comes from the people through free elections and respects individual rights

democratic

someone who supports social equality, healthcare reform, environmental protection, and a more active role for government in addressing social issues

democrat, susținător al justiției sociale

(in some countries) the group of people who have been elected to make laws, which in the US it consists of the House of Representatives and the Senate

congres, adunare

the group of elected representatives whose responsibility is to create, amend, and discuss laws or address political matters

parlament, adunare

a legislative or governing body, usually the smaller and more influential chamber in a bicameral system, with the authority to create, revise, or approve laws and policies

senat

one of the members of Senate

senator, senatoare

senior members of a government who make decisions and control the policy of the government

cabinet, consiliu de miniștri

a short memorable phrase that is used in advertising to draw people's attention toward something

slogan, deviz

a set of actions organized in order to serve a political purpose

campanie, campanie politică

a person who aligns with or supports the principles and policies traditionally associated with conservative political ideologies

conservator, conservatoare

a form of government where power is concentrated in the hands of a single individual or a small group, often with absolute authority, without the consent of the people

dictatură, regim autoritar

a ruler that has total power over a state, particularly a ruler who gained power through force

dictator

a group of elected people who govern a city, town, etc.

consiliu, sfat

(plural) the process of casting or counting votes; the place in which votes are counted or casted

votare, sectie de vot

the job, skill, or act of managing the relationships between different countries

diplomație

an official representing a country's government in foreign relations

diplomat

relating to the central government of a country rather than the local or regional governments

federal, federal

a governing system in which the supreme power is held by people and their chosen representatives

republică

(in the US) someone who supports or is a member of the Republican Party

republican, republicană

religious or political actions, beliefs, or ideas that most people find them extreme, unreasonable, and abnormal

extremism, radicalism

a person whose political inclination is social and political change

radical, revoluționar

a system of international trading in which there are no restrictions or taxes on goods bought or sold

comerț liber, liber de comerț

someone who is in charge of a region or town

guvernator, administrație

related to or characteristic of a political ideology that emphasizes individual freedoms, equality, and government intervention for social welfare and economic opportunity

liberal, progresist

the state of being free from the control of others

independență

a system of government or a country or state that is ruled by a king or queen

monarhie

information and statements that are mostly biased and false and are used to promote a political cause or leader

propagandă

the state of an organization or country that is lacking in order, authority, or control

anarchie

the main political party opposed to the government

opoziție, partidul de opoziție

the fundamental change of power, government, etc. in a country by people, particularly involving violence

revoluție, răscoală

to make a society, law, system, or organization better or more effective by making many changes to it

reforma, îmbunătăți