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Letteratura - Characterization

Qui imparerai alcune parole inglesi relative alla caratterizzazione come "archetipo", "protagonista" e "interesse amoroso".

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Words Related to Literature
character development

the process by which a fictional character is portrayed and transformed throughout a story

sviluppo del personaggio, evoluzione del personaggio

sviluppo del personaggio, evoluzione del personaggio

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archetype
archetype
[sostantivo]

someone or something serving as the very typical example of a thing or person

archetipo

archetipo

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voice
voice
[sostantivo]

the distinctive way a character's personality, beliefs, attitudes, and emotions are revealed through speech or thoughts

voce, tono

voce, tono

Ex: The author gave the protagonist a unique voice. 
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antagonist
antagonist
[sostantivo]

villainous character who strongly opposes another person or thing

antagonista

antagonista

Ex: The antagonist in the novel was a cunning and ruthless villain, determined to thwart the protagonist's plans at every turn. 
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antihero
antihero
[sostantivo]

the main character in a movie, book, etc. who lacks heroic qualities such as being morally good

antieroe

antieroe

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backstory
backstory
[sostantivo]

the events that have happened to a character before their story in a book, movie, etc. begins

retroscena

retroscena

Ex: The author revealed the protagonist's tragic backstory through a series of flashbacks scattered throughout the novel. 
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character arc
character arc
[sostantivo]

the transformation or development of a fictional character over the course of a story

arco del personaggio, evoluzione del personaggio

arco del personaggio, evoluzione del personaggio

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hamartia
hamartia
[sostantivo]

a negative trait or quality of a fictional character that leads to their downfall or contributes to their struggles or conflicts throughout the story

hamartia, difetto tragico

hamartia, difetto tragico

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character flaw
character flaw
[sostantivo]

a negative trait or quality of a fictional character that leads to their downfall or contributes to their struggles or conflicts throughout the story

difetto del carattere, debolezza del carattere

difetto del carattere, debolezza del carattere

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characterization
characterization
[sostantivo]

the way in which characters in a movie, book, etc. are created and represented by a writer

caratterizzazione

caratterizzazione

Ex: The author's skillful characterization brought the protagonist to life, making the reader empathize with her struggles and triumphs. 
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hero
hero
[sostantivo]

the main male character in a story, book, movie, etc., often known for his bravery and other great qualities

eroe

eroe

Ex: Every superhero movie needs a strong hero. 
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internal conflict
internal conflict
[sostantivo]

the psychological struggle that takes place within a character's mind or emotions

conflitto interiore, lotta interiore

conflitto interiore, lotta interiore

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narrator
narrator
[sostantivo]

the person who tells the story in a novel, poem, etc.

narratore

narratore

Ex: The narrator of the novel had a unique and captivating voice. 
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personage
personage
[sostantivo]

a fictional character, especially one who plays a significant role in a story or narrative

personaggio, figura

personaggio, figura

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protagonist
protagonist
[sostantivo]

the main character in a movie, novel, TV show, etc.

protagonista

protagonista

Ex: The protagonist of the novel is a young orphan who embarks on a journey of self-discovery and adventure. 
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villain
villain
[sostantivo]

the main bad character in a movie, story, play, etc.

cattivo

cattivo

Ex: The villain plotted to take over the kingdom. 
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pathetic fallacy
pathetic fallacy
[sostantivo]

the attribution of human traits and feelings to objects, animals, or natural phenomena in art and literature

patetico errore

patetico errore

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anthropomorphism
anthropomorphism
[sostantivo]

the practice of attributing human qualities to objects or gods

antropomorfismo

antropomorfismo

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to [break] the fourth wall

(of characters in a narrative) to speak directly to the audience or acknowledge that they are part of a fictional work

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author surrogate
author surrogate
[sostantivo]

a character in a work of fiction who is thought to represent the author's personal beliefs, experiences, or opinions

portavoce dell'autore, personaggio che rappresenta l'autore

portavoce dell'autore, personaggio che rappresenta l'autore

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audience surrogate
audience surrogate
[sostantivo]

a character in a work of fiction who is used to help the audience understand and relate to the story

surrogato del pubblico, rappresentante del pubblico

surrogato del pubblico, rappresentante del pubblico

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unreliable narrator

a narrative technique in which the credibility and truthfulness of the narrator are called into question

narratore inaffidabile, narratore non affidabile

narratore inaffidabile, narratore non affidabile

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omniscient narrator

a narrative technique in which the narrator is all-knowing and has access to the thoughts, feelings, and perspectives of all the characters in the story

narratore onnisciente, narrazione onnisciente

narratore onnisciente, narrazione onnisciente

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shoulder angel
shoulder angel
[sostantivo]

a fictional character, often portrayed as an angelic being, who represents a character's conscience or moral compass

angelo custode, coscienza angelica

angelo custode, coscienza angelica

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shoulder devil
shoulder devil
[sostantivo]

a fictional character, often portrayed as an unethical being, who represents a character's inner voice of temptation

diavolo della spalla, angelo cattivo

diavolo della spalla, angelo cattivo

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point of view

the perspective from which the narrator tells a story

punto di vista

punto di vista

Ex: The story is written from the first-person point of view. 
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character
character
[sostantivo]

a person or an animal represented in a book, play, movie, etc.

carattere

carattere

Ex: Harry Potter is a beloved character in the fantasy series by J.K. Rowling. 
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exposition
exposition
[sostantivo]

a detailed explanation or description that clarifies the meaning or intent of a written work or discourse

esposizione

esposizione

Ex: The first chapter of the novel provided a necessary exposition, introducing the main characters and their backgrounds. 
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mood
mood
[sostantivo]

the emotional atmosphere or feeling created by a piece of writing

atmosfera, ambiente

atmosfera, ambiente

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fall
fall
[sostantivo]

a sudden or significant decline in status, influence, fortune, or character

caduta, declino

caduta, declino

Ex: The character's moral fall drove the plot of the novel. 
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reveal
reveal
[sostantivo]

the act or moment of disclosing previously hidden or unknown information to an audience

rivelazione, scoperta

rivelazione, scoperta

Ex: The novel's final reveal shocked all the readers. 
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complication
complication
[sostantivo]

an event or situation that creates a problem or obstacle for the protagonist or other characters in a story

complicazione, ostacolo

complicazione, ostacolo

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relief
relief
[sostantivo]

a feeling of ease or release that occurs after a period of tension, suspense, or stress in a story

sollievo, rilassamento

sollievo, rilassamento

Ex: The sudden reconciliation between the characters offered emotional relief to the audience. 
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dynamic character
dynamic character
[sostantivo]

a character in a story who undergoes significant internal changes and growth over the course of the narrative

personaggio dinamico, personaggio evolutivo

personaggio dinamico, personaggio evolutivo

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flat character
flat character
[sostantivo]

a character in a story who is not highly developed, and typically has only one or two distinguishing traits or characteristics

personaggio piatto, personaggio unidimensionale

personaggio piatto, personaggio unidimensionale

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foil
foil
[sostantivo]

a character in a literary work who contrasts with another character, usually the protagonist, to highlight specific traits of the latter

contrappunto, contrasto

contrappunto, contrasto

Ex: Dr. Watson serves as a foil to Sherlock Holmes. 
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ingenue
ingenue
[sostantivo]

a young, innocent, and naive character, often a young woman, in a story or play

ingenua, giovane innocente

ingenua, giovane innocente

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round character
round character
[sostantivo]

a complex and multidimensional character in a story, who often undergoes significant growth and change throughout the narrative

personaggio rotondo, personaggio complesso

personaggio rotondo, personaggio complesso

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static character
static character
[sostantivo]

a character in a work of fiction who remains the same from the beginning of the story to the end, without undergoing significant personal development or change

personaggio statico, personaggio immutabile

personaggio statico, personaggio immutabile

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stock character
stock character
[sostantivo]

a stereotype or cliché character that is easily recognizable and often used in literature or other forms of media

personaggio stereotipato, cliché di personaggio

personaggio stereotipato, cliché di personaggio

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first-person narrative

a point of view in which the story is told from the perspective of a character using "I" or "we"

narrativa in prima persona, racconto in prima persona

narrativa in prima persona, racconto in prima persona

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second-person narrative

a point of view in which the story is told using "you" as the pronoun for the protagonist or narrator, making the reader or audience feel more involved in the story

narrativa in seconda persona, racconto in seconda persona

narrativa in seconda persona, racconto in seconda persona

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third-person narrative

a mode of storytelling where the narrator refers to characters using pronouns like "he" and "she" and is not a character in the story

la terza persona

la terza persona

Ex: In the third-person narrative, the author tells the story from an outside perspective, using pronouns such as "he," "she," or "they" to refer to the characters. 
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love interest
love interest
[sostantivo]

a person who is romantically or emotionally involved with another person, often a central character in a story or narrative

interesse amoroso

interesse amoroso

Ex: The movie's love interest was a mysterious stranger with a hidden past. 
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sidekick
sidekick
[sostantivo]

a close companion or assistant to the protagonist of a work of fiction, who provides support, advice, or comic relief

spalla, aiutante

spalla, aiutante

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father figure
father figure
[sostantivo]

a character who plays the role of a father, mentor, protector, or guide to a younger character

figura paterna, modello paterno

figura paterna, modello paterno

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mother figure
mother figure
[sostantivo]

a character, usually female, who functions as a nurturing or guiding influence over the other characters, often acting in a maternal role

figura materna, modello materno

figura materna, modello materno

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confidant
confidant
[sostantivo]

a person in whom one places trust and shares secrets or private thoughts and feelings

confidente, persona di fiducia

confidente, persona di fiducia

Ex: She was his closest confidant, knowing all his fears and hopes. 
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deuteragonist
deuteragonist
[sostantivo]

the second most important character after the protagonist, and often plays a key role in the story's development

deuteragonista, secondo personaggio principale

deuteragonista, secondo personaggio principale

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tertiary character
tertiary character
[sostantivo]

a character who appears in a supporting role and has minimal impact on the story

personaggio terziario, comparse

personaggio terziario, comparse

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symbolic character
symbolic character
[sostantivo]

a character in literature who represents an idea or a concept beyond their literal meaning and functions as a symbol to convey deeper meanings and themes

personaggio simbolico

personaggio simbolico

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heroine
heroine
[sostantivo]

the main female character in a story, book, film, etc., typically known for great qualities

eroina

eroina

Ex: She admired the bravery of the heroine in the novel. 
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sage
sage
[sostantivo]

a wise and insightful figure who offers guidance, advice, or philosophical reflection, often in stories or real life

saggio, sapiente

saggio, sapiente

Ex: The old sage warned the hero of the trials ahead. 
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fool
fool
[sostantivo]

a performer or entertainer in a royal court or other setting who is known for their humorous or nonsensical performances

buffone, giullare

buffone, giullare

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everyman
everyman
[sostantivo]

a literary or dramatic character representing the ordinary individual, often placed in extraordinary circumstances and often used to evoke empathy in the audience

l'uomo comune, l'uomo medio

l'uomo comune, l'uomo medio

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gentleman thief
gentleman thief
[sostantivo]

a fictional character archetype who, despite engaging in criminal activities, is sophisticated, charming, and often possesses a strong moral code that sets them apart from other criminals

ladro gentiluomo, ladro di guanti bianchi

ladro gentiluomo, ladro di guanti bianchi

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boy next door
boy next door
[sostantivo]

a type of character archetype often used in storytelling, representing a wholesome and relatable male love interest who typically has a close connection to the protagonist

il ragazzo della porta accanto, il vicino affascinante

il ragazzo della porta accanto, il vicino affascinante

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girl next door
girl next door
[sostantivo]

a character archetype that is often described as wholesome, down-to-earth, and relatable

ragazza della porta accanto, vicina

ragazza della porta accanto, vicina

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black knight
black knight
[sostantivo]

a stock character often depicted as a sinister figure in literature and folklore who is usually the enemy of the hero

cavaliere nero, nero cavaliere

cavaliere nero, nero cavaliere

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