Literatura - Characterization

the process by which a fictional character is portrayed and transformed throughout a story

rozwój postaci, ewolucja postaci

someone or something serving as the very typical example of a thing or person

archetyp, wzór

the way in which a character's personality, beliefs, attitudes, and emotions are expressed through their speech and thoughts

głos, wyraz

villainous character who strongly opposes another person or thing

antagonista, łotr

the main character in a movie, book, etc. who lacks heroic qualities such as being morally good

antybohater, antybohaterka

the events that have happened to a character before their story in a book, movie, etc. begins

tło fabularne, historia postaci

the transformation or development of a fictional character over the course of a story

łuk postaci, rozwój postaci

a negative trait or quality of a fictional character that leads to their downfall or contributes to their struggles or conflicts throughout the story

osobista tragedia, fatalna słabość

a negative trait or quality of a fictional character that leads to their downfall or contributes to their struggles or conflicts throughout the story

wadа charakteru, niedostatki charakteru

the way in which characters in a movie, book, etc. are created and represented by a writer

charakteryzacja, opis

the main male character in a story, book, movie, etc., often known for his bravery and other great qualities

bohater, główny bohater

the psychological struggle that takes place within a character's mind or emotions

konflikt wewnętrzny, wewnętrzna walka

the person who tells the story in a novel, poem, etc.

narrator, narratorka

a fictional character, especially one who plays a significant role in a story or narrative

postać, bohater

the main character in a movie, novel, TV show, etc.

protagonista, główny bohater

the main bad character in a movie, story, play, etc.

złoczyńca, antagonista

the attribution of human traits and feelings to objects, animals, or natural phenomena in art and literature

patetyczna omyłka, patetyczna fałszywka

the practice of attributing human qualities to objects or gods

antropomorfizm

(of characters in a narrative) to speak directly to the audience or acknowledge that they are part of a fictional work

a character in a work of fiction who is thought to represent the author's personal beliefs, experiences, or opinions

zastępca autora, postać autora

a character in a work of fiction who is used to help the audience understand and relate to the story

zastępca widowni, reprezentant widowni

a narrative technique in which the credibility and truthfulness of the narrator are called into question

narrator niewiarygodny, narrator niegodny zaufania

a narrative technique in which the narrator is all-knowing and has access to the thoughts, feelings, and perspectives of all the characters in the story

wszechwiedzący narrator, narrator omniscient

a fictional character, often portrayed as an angelic being, who represents a character's conscience or moral compass

anioł na ramieniu, anioł stróż

a fictional character, often portrayed as an unethical being, who represents a character's inner voice of temptation

diabeł na ramieniu, głos pokusy

the perspective from which the narrator tells a story

a person or an animal represented in a book, play, movie, etc.

postać, charakter

a detailed explanation or description that clarifies the meaning or intent of a written work or discourse

ekspozycja, wyjaśnienie

the emotional atmosphere or feeling created by a piece of writing

nastrój, atmosfera

a sudden or significant decline in a character's status, power, or fortune

upadek, spadek

the moment when previously hidden or unknown information is unveiled or disclosed to the reader or audience

ujawnienie

an event or situation that creates a problem or obstacle for the protagonist or other characters in a story

komplikacja, trudność

a feeling of release or relaxation that comes after a period of tension or suspense in a story

ulga, wytchnienie

a character in a story who undergoes significant internal changes and growth over the course of the narrative

dynamiczny bohater, rozwijający się bohater

a character in a story who is not highly developed, and typically has only one or two distinguishing traits or characteristics

płaska postać, płaski charakter

a character in a story who contrasts with another character, typically the protagonist, in order to highlight particular qualities of the other character

kontrastowy bohater, postać kontrastująca

a young, innocent, and naive character, often a young woman, in a story or play

ingénue

a complex and multidimensional character in a story, who often undergoes significant growth and change throughout the narrative

walcowaty charakter, złożony charakter

a character in a work of fiction who remains the same from the beginning of the story to the end, without undergoing significant personal development or change

statyczna postać, niezmienny charakter

a stereotype or cliché character that is easily recognizable and often used in literature or other forms of media

postać stereotypowa, kliszowy bohater

a point of view in which the story is told from the perspective of a character using "I" or "we"

narracja pierwszoosobowa, opowieść pierwszoosobowa

a point of view in which the story is told using "you" as the pronoun for the protagonist or narrator, making the reader or audience feel more involved in the story

narracja w drugiej osobie, opowieść w drugiej osobie

a mode of storytelling where the narrator refers to characters using pronouns like "he" and "she" and is not a character in the story

opowieść trzeciej osoby, narracja w trzeciej osobie

a person who is romantically or emotionally involved with another person, often a central character in a story or narrative

interes romantyczny, zainteresowanie miłością

a close companion or assistant to the protagonist of a work of fiction, who provides support, advice, or comic relief

pomocnik, towarzysz

a character who plays the role of a father, mentor, protector, or guide to a younger character

figura ojca, mentor

a character, usually female, who functions as a nurturing or guiding influence over the other characters, often acting in a maternal role

figura matki, matka zastępcza

a character who serves as a trusted friend or advisor to the protagonist and with whom they share their innermost thoughts and feelings

zaufany przyjaciel, doradca

the second most important character after the protagonist, and often plays a key role in the story's development

deuteragonista, drugoplanowy bohater

a character who appears in a supporting role and has minimal impact on the story

postać drugoplanowa, postać trzeciorzędna

a character in literature who represents an idea or a concept beyond their literal meaning and functions as a symbol to convey deeper meanings and themes

symboliczny charakter, symboliczna postać

the main female character in a story, book, film, etc., typically known for great qualities

bohaterka

a wise and knowledgeable character who provides guidance or advice to the protagonist

mędrzec, doradca

a performer or entertainer in a royal court or other setting who is known for their humorous or nonsensical performances

mędrzec, głupiec

a literary or dramatic character representing the ordinary individual, often placed in extraordinary circumstances and often used to evoke empathy in the audience

zwykły człowiek, postać reprezentacyjna

a fictional character archetype who, despite engaging in criminal activities, is sophisticated, charming, and often possesses a strong moral code that sets them apart from other criminals

dżentelmen złodziej, szlachetny złodziej

a type of character archetype often used in storytelling, representing a wholesome and relatable male love interest who typically has a close connection to the protagonist

chłopak z sąsiedztwa, uroczy sąsiad

a character archetype that is often described as wholesome, down-to-earth, and relatable

dziewczyna z sąsiedztwa, sąsiedzka złota dziewczyna

a stock character often depicted as a sinister figure in literature and folklore who is usually the enemy of the hero

czarny rycerz