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建築と建設 - 建物の部分

ここでは、"ガレージ"、"パントリー"、"アルコーブ"などの建物のさまざまな部分に関連するいくつかの英語の単語を学びます。

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Words Related to Architecture and Construction
fabric
[名詞]

a building's main structural component, such as its walls, roof, etc.

構造, 骨組み

構造, 骨組み

garage
[名詞]

a building, usually next or attached to a house, in which cars or other vehicles are kept

ガレージ, 車庫

ガレージ, 車庫

Ex: The garage door is automated, making it easy for them to enter and exit without getting out of the car.**ガレージ**のドアは自動化されており、車から降りずに簡単に出入りできます。
wine cellar
[名詞]

a specialized storage space designed to store and age wine bottles under controlled temperature, humidity, and lighting conditions to preserve their quality and flavor over time

ワインセラー, ワイン貯蔵庫

ワインセラー, ワイン貯蔵庫

Ex: They installed a wine cellar in the basement , adding both style and functionality to the house .彼らは地下室に**ワインセラー**を設置し、家にスタイルと機能性の両方を追加しました。
cellar
[名詞]

an underground storage space or room, typically found in a building, used for storing food, wine, or other items that require a cool and dark environment

地下室, 貯蔵庫

地下室, 貯蔵庫

Ex: The old cellar had thick stone walls that kept it cool even in the summer .古い**セラー**は厚い石の壁があり、夏でも涼しかった。
facade
[名詞]

the front of a building, particularly one that is large and has an elegant appearance

ファサード

ファサード

Ex: The urban neighborhood was characterized by its colorful row houses , each with a unique facade adorned with decorative trim and window boxes .その都市の近隣地域は、カラフルな連棟住宅が特徴で、それぞれが装飾的なトリムとウィンドウボックスで飾られたユニークな**ファサード**を持っていました。
magazine
[名詞]

a storage area or room used for storing ammunition, explosives, or other hazardous materials in a safe and secure manner

雑誌, 弾薬庫

雑誌, 弾薬庫

pantry
[名詞]

a cupboard or small room, often next to kitchen, used for keeping food in

パントリー, 食料貯蔵室

パントリー, 食料貯蔵室

Ex: The family decided to turn the small closet into a pantry for more storage .家族は、より多くの収納のために小さなクローゼットを**パントリー**に変えることに決めました。
storage room
[名詞]

a designated space within a building used for storing various items or belongings in an organized manner, typically equipped with shelves, cabinets, or other storage solutions

収納室, 物置

収納室, 物置

Ex: After the move , we still had a lot of items to organize in the storage room.引っ越し後、まだ**物置部屋**に整理するものがたくさんありました。
wall
[名詞]

an upright structure, usually made of brick, concrete, or stone that is made to divide, protect, or surround a place

壁, 塀

壁, 塀

Ex: She placed a calendar on the wall to keep track of important dates .彼女は重要な日付を追跡するためにカレンダーを**壁**に置いた。
roof
[名詞]

the structure that creates the outer top part of a vehicle, building, etc.

屋根, 覆い

屋根, 覆い

Ex: The snow on the roof started to melt in the warmth of the sun .太陽の暖かさで屋根の雪が溶け始めた。
ceiling
[名詞]

the highest part of a room, vehicle, etc. that covers it from the inside

天井, 部屋の天井

天井, 部屋の天井

Ex: She lies on the floor , imagining shapes on the ceiling.彼女は床に横たわり、天井に形を想像しています。
fixture
[名詞]

a piece of equipment such as a bath that is permanently affixed inside a house or building and people cannot take it out when they move out

固定設備, 固定設置

固定設備, 固定設置

Ex: The tenants asked if they could replace the outdated fixtures with modern ones .テナントは、古くなった**備品**を現代的なものに交換できるかどうか尋ねました。
frontage
[名詞]

the front exterior of a house, apartment, or another building that faces a street or river

正面, ファサード

正面, ファサード

Ex: The restaurant ’s frontage was renovated to attract more customers .レストランの**正面**は、より多くの顧客を引き付けるために改装されました。
gas meter
[名詞]

a device used to measure and monitor the flow and consumption of natural gas or propane in residential, commercial, or industrial settings

ガスメーター, ガス計量器

ガスメーター, ガス計量器

Ex: When moving into a new apartment , the gas meter reading is recorded to establish the starting point for billing .
room
[名詞]

a space in a building with walls, a floor, and a ceiling where people do different activities

部屋, 室

部屋, 室

Ex: I found a quiet room to study for my exams .試験勉強のために静かな**部屋**を見つけました。
utility
[名詞]

a service that is provided to the public, such as electricity, water, or gas, which is used in daily life

公益事業

公益事業

Ex: The utility company came to fix the power outage in our neighborhood .**公益事業**会社が私たちの近所の停電を修理しに来ました。
annex
[名詞]

a building later added to a main building in order to provide more space

別館, 拡張部分

別館, 拡張部分

Ex: The company uses the annex as a training center for new employees .会社は新しい従業員のためのトレーニングセンターとして**別館**を使用しています。
chimney
[名詞]

a channel or passage that lets the smoke from a fire pass through and get out from the roof of a building

煙突, 排煙通路

煙突, 排煙通路

Ex: He saw the flames through the chimney’s opening .彼は**煙突**の開口部から炎を見た。
cowl
[名詞]

a hood-like covering or structure, often with a conical or curved shape, used to cover or protect an opening or feature such as a chimney, ventilator, or roof

フード, カバー

フード, カバー

fire screen
[名詞]

a protective covering made of metal or glass that is placed in front of a fireplace to prevent sparks, embers, or debris from escaping while still allowing heat and light to pass through

防火スクリーン, 暖炉の保護スクリーン

防火スクリーン, 暖炉の保護スクリーン

Ex: The ornate metal fire screen added a touch of elegance to the living room .装飾された金属製の**防火スクリーン**がリビングルームに優雅さを加えました。
mantelpiece
[名詞]

a shelf that is made of wood or stone and is above a fireplace

マントルピース, 暖炉の棚

マントルピース, 暖炉の棚

Ex: He sat by the fireplace , his gaze fixed on the photograph resting on the mantelpiece, lost in memories of days gone by .彼は暖炉のそばに座り、**マントルピース**の上に置かれた写真に視線を固定し、過ぎ去った日々の思い出にふけっていた。
inglenook
[名詞]

a small and cozy corner or space, usually next to a fireplace, where people can sit and relax in a warm and comfortable environment

暖炉の隅, 居心地の良い隅

暖炉の隅, 居心地の良い隅

Ex: After a long day , they would retreat to the inglenook to unwind by the fire and chat .長い一日の後、彼らは暖炉の**隅っこ**に引きこもり、火のそばでくつろいでおしゃべりをした。
floor
[名詞]

the bottom of a room that we walk on

床, フロア

床, フロア

Ex: She spilled juice on the floor and immediately cleaned it up .彼女はジュースを**床**にこぼし、すぐに拭き取った。
level
[名詞]

one of the many floors that are in a building

レベル, 階

レベル, 階

Ex: The restaurant is on the top level of the building .レストランは建物の最上**階**にあります。
mezzanine
[名詞]

a floor situated between two other floors of a building, which is smaller compared to the two

メザニン, 中二階

メザニン, 中二階

Ex: The hotel 's fitness center was located on the mezzanine, allowing guests to stay active while enjoying panoramic views of the city .ホテルのフィットネスセンターは**メザニン**に位置しており、ゲストは市内のパノラマビューを楽しみながらアクティブでいられます。
column
[名詞]

a vertical structural element, often made of stone, that supports the weight of the building above it

柱, 支柱

柱, 支柱

Ex: The museum 's entrance was framed by towering columns, adding to its grandeur .博物館の入り口はそびえ立つ**柱**で囲まれており、その壮大さを増していた。
front
[名詞]

the front face of a large building, particularly a church

正面, ファサード

正面, ファサード

Ex: The front of the cathedral featured tall , stained-glass windows .大聖堂の**正面**には、高いステンドグラスの窓が特徴的でした。
lobby
[名詞]

the area just inside the entrance of a public building such as a hotel, etc.

ロビー

ロビー

Ex: The hotel 's grand lobby was adorned with marble floors and chandeliers .ホテルの壮大な**ロビー**は大理石の床とシャンデリアで飾られていました。
trash chute
[名詞]

a vertical or inclined passage in a building that allows for the convenient disposal of waste materials by dropping them into a designated collection area or dumpster

ごみシュート, ごみ投げ入れ口

ごみシュート, ごみ投げ入れ口

Ex: She was frustrated when the trash chute became blocked , causing a delay in waste removal .**ゴミシュート**が詰まって廃棄物の除去が遅れたとき、彼女はイライラしました。
alcove
[名詞]

a recessed part of a wall that is built further back from the rest of it

アルコーブ, 壁龕

アルコーブ, 壁龕

Ex: The art gallery had a special alcove dedicated to showcasing sculptures , illuminated by soft overhead lighting .その美術館には、ソフトな天井照明で照らされた彫刻を展示するための特別な**アルコーブ**がありました。
vent
[名詞]

an opening or passage that allows the movement of air, gases, or other substances, typically used for ventilation, release of heat or moisture, or to remove unwanted odors

通気口, ベント

通気口, ベント

courtyard
[名詞]

an area with no roof that is partially or completely surrounded by walls, often forming a part of a large building

中庭, 庭園

中庭, 庭園

Ex: The restaurant had an outdoor courtyard where diners could eat under the stars .そのレストランには、ダイナーが星の下で食事を楽しめる屋外の**中庭**がありました。

a curved architectural space where sound waves can travel along the walls, allowing whispers to be heard clearly from one side to the other

ささやきの回廊, ささやきの間

ささやきの回廊, ささやきの間

Ex: Standing in the whispering gallery of the grand hall , we could hear each other ’s whispers despite being far apart .大ホールの**ささやきの回廊**に立っていると、遠く離れていてもお互いのささやきが聞こえました。
chimney pot
[名詞]

a short and wide pipe connected to the top of a chimney

煙突の帽子, 煙突の上部パイプ

煙突の帽子, 煙突の上部パイプ

Ex: After the storm , the chimney pot was knocked off , causing smoke to back up into the house .嵐の後、**煙突のポット**が吹き飛ばされ、煙が家に逆流しました。
pace
[名詞]

a small open space or courtyard enclosed by buildings or walls

中庭, 小さな庭

中庭, 小さな庭

suite
[名詞]

a series of rooms, particularly in a hotel

スイート

スイート

Ex: They upgraded to a suite for their anniversary trip to enjoy the added comfort and amenities .彼らは記念旅行で追加の快適さとアメニティを楽しむために**スイート**にアップグレードしました。
quadrangle
[名詞]

a four-sided courtyard or open space, often enclosed by buildings or walls, typically found in educational institutions, residential complexes, or historical landmarks

四角形, 中庭

四角形, 中庭

stairway
[名詞]

a set of steps along with their surrounding structure that can lead one from one floor to another

階段, 階段通路

階段, 階段通路

Ex: They installed lights along the stairway for safety .彼らは安全のために**階段**に沿ってライトを設置しました。
dumbwaiter
[名詞]

a small elevator or lifting device used to transport items such as food, dishes, or laundry between different floors of a building, typically in a commercial or residential setting

ダムウェイター, サービスエレベーター

ダムウェイター, サービスエレベーター

elevator
[名詞]

a box-like device that moves up and down and is used to get to the different levels of a building

エレベーター

エレベーター

Ex: We took the elevator to the top floor of the building .私たちはビルの最上階まで**エレベーター**で行きました。
escalator
[名詞]

a staircase that moves and takes people up or down different levels easily, often found in large buildings like airports, department stores, etc.

エスカレーター, 動く階段

エスカレーター, 動く階段

Ex: He stood patiently on the escalator, enjoying the leisurely ascent to the top floor of the shopping mall .彼は辛抱強く**エスカレーター**の上に立ち、ショッピングモールの最上階へのゆっくりとした上昇を楽しんだ。
hearth
[名詞]

a fireplace built into a wall where fires can be lit

炉辺, 暖炉

炉辺, 暖炉

Ex: The aroma of wood smoke filled the air around the hearth.木の煙の香りが**炉辺**の空気を満たした。
fireside
[名詞]

the area or space near a fire, particularly a fireplace, where people gather for warmth, relaxation, and socializing

炉辺, 暖炉のそば

炉辺, 暖炉のそば

gallery
[名詞]

a long and narrow covered walkway or corridor with a series of arches or columns along one or both sides

ギャラリー

ギャラリー

a vertical transportation system consisting of a cylindrical tube or shaft in which a cabin or platform travels, enabling efficient movement between different floors or levels within a building

チューブエレベーター, 管状エレベーター

チューブエレベーター, 管状エレベーター

Ex: The tube elevator moved silently, offering a smooth ride to the top floor of the building.**チューブエレベーター**は静かに動き、建物の最上階までスムーズな乗り心地を提供しました。

the network of components, wiring, and devices that enable the generation, distribution, and use of electrical power within a building or structure

電気システム, 電気ネットワーク

電気システム, 電気ネットワーク

a network of pipes, fixtures, valves, and other components that work together to supply and distribute water, as well as remove waste and sewage, within a building or structure

配管システム, 配管ネットワーク

配管システム, 配管ネットワーク

Ex: The new house featured a modern plumbing system with advanced water-saving features .新しい家には、節水機能が進んだ現代的な**配管システム**が備わっていた。
soffit
[名詞]

the underside of an architectural element, such as a ceiling, arch, or overhanging roof, typically located on the underside of a structure

ソフィット, 建築要素の下面

ソフィット, 建築要素の下面

Ex: Installing vents in the soffit improved air circulation throughout the house .**ソフィット**に通気口を設置することで、家全体の空気循環が改善されました。
story
[名詞]

a level or floor of a building, separated by a horizontal division, used to describe the building's height or structure

Ex: The architect designed the house with an open-plan living area across two stories.
the upstairs
[名詞]

an upper floor of a house, apartment, or any other building

上の階, 上階

上の階, 上階

Ex: The children love playing in the upstairs where there ’s more space .子供たちは、より広いスペースがある**上の階**で遊ぶのが大好きです。

a floor that is located on a lower level of a building, particularly at the ground level

階下, 1階

階下, 1階

Ex: She prefers to work from the downstairs office.彼女は**階下**のオフィスから働くことを好みます。
interior
[名詞]

the internal part of a building, car, etc.

内部

内部

Ex: They cleaned the interior of the house before the guests arrived .彼らはゲストが到着する前に家の**内部**を掃除しました。
exterior
[名詞]

the outer surface or outermost layer of an object, building, etc.

外側, 表面

外側, 表面

Ex: The building ’s stone exterior gave it a timeless , elegant look .建物の石の**外装**は、それに時代を超越した、優雅な外観を与えました。
建築と建設
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