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建築と建設 - 建物の部分

ここでは、"ガレージ"、"パントリー"、"アルコーブ"などの建物のさまざまな部分に関連するいくつかの英語の単語を学びます。

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Words Related to Architecture and Construction
fabric
fabric
[名詞]

the walls, roof, and other structural parts and materials of a building

構造,  骨組み

構造, 骨組み

Ex: Water damage has weakened the fabric of the old building. 
garage
garage
[名詞]

a building or enclosed part of a building used for keeping a motor vehicle

ガレージ

ガレージ

Ex: Emma parked her car in the garage before going inside. 
wine cellar
wine cellar
[名詞]

a specialized storage space designed to store and age wine bottles under controlled temperature, humidity, and lighting conditions to preserve their quality and flavor over time

ワインセラー, ワイン貯蔵庫

ワインセラー, ワイン貯蔵庫

Ex: The old mansion had a vast wine cellar that had been in use for centuries. 

その古い邸宅には、何世紀にもわたって使用されていた広大なワインセラーがありました。

cellar
cellar
[名詞]

an underground storage space or room, typically found in a building, used for storing food, wine, or other items that require a cool and dark environment

地下室, 貯蔵庫

地下室, 貯蔵庫

Ex: They use the cellar to store homemade preserves and pickles. 

彼らは自家製の保存食品やピクルスを保存するために地下室を使います。

facade
facade
[名詞]

the front of a building, particularly one that is large and has an elegant appearance

ファサード

ファサード

Ex: The facade of the historic building was adorned with intricate carvings and ornate details, showcasing the craftsmanship of its era. 

その歴史的な建物のファサードは、複雑な彫刻と装飾的な細部で飾られ、その時代の職人技を展示していました。

magazine
magazine
[名詞]

a storage compartment or building for ammunition, explosives, or weapons

弾薬庫, 火薬庫

弾薬庫, 火薬庫

Ex: Soldiers retrieved rounds from the magazine. 
pantry
pantry
[名詞]

a cupboard or small room, often next to kitchen, used for keeping food in

パントリー, 食料貯蔵室

パントリー, 食料貯蔵室

Ex: She stocked the pantry with canned goods and dried pasta. 

彼女は パントリー を缶詰と乾燥パスタでいっぱいにした。

storage room
storage room
[名詞]

a designated space within a building used for storing various items or belongings in an organized manner, typically equipped with shelves, cabinets, or other storage solutions

収納室, 物置

収納室, 物置

Ex: The storage room is full of old boxes that haven’t been opened in years. 

倉庫は何年も開けられていない古い箱でいっぱいです。

wall
wall
[名詞]

an upright structure, usually made of brick, concrete, or stone that is made to divide, protect, or surround a place

壁, 塀

壁, 塀

Ex: She hangs a painting on the wall to add color to the room. 
roof
roof
[名詞]

the structure that creates the outer top part of a vehicle, building, etc.

屋根, 覆い

屋根, 覆い

Ex: She sat on the roof of her car to enjoy a picnic under the stars. 
ceiling
ceiling
[名詞]

the inside upper surface of a room or other enclosed space

Ex: Emma painted the bedroom ceiling white. 
fixture
fixture
[名詞]

a piece of equipment such as a bath that is permanently affixed inside a house or building and people cannot take it out when they move out

固定設備, 固定設置

固定設備, 固定設置

Ex: The bathroom’s new sink is a fixture that won't be removed when we move. 

バスルームの新しい洗面台は、引っ越す際に取り外されない固定設備です。

frontage
frontage
[名詞]

the front exterior of a house, apartment, or another building that faces a street or river

正面, ファサード

正面, ファサード

Ex: The frontage of the mansion was adorned with large windows and ornate balconies. 

大邸宅の正面は大きな窓と装飾的なバルコニーで飾られていました。

gas meter
gas meter
[名詞]

a device used to measure and monitor the flow and consumption of natural gas or propane in residential, commercial, or industrial settings

ガスメーター, ガス計量器

ガスメーター, ガス計量器

Ex: The gas meter outside the house is read by the utility company every month to track our usage. 

家の外のガスメーターは、私たちの使用量を追跡するために毎月公益事業会社によって読み取られます。

room
room
[名詞]

a space in a building with walls, a floor, and a ceiling where people do different activities

部屋, 室

部屋, 室

Ex: My favorite room in the house is the kitchen because I love cooking. 
utility
utility
[名詞]

a public service that supplies electricity, gas, water, or similar essential services

公共料金,  公益事業

公共料金, 公益事業

Ex: Rent includes water, but tenants must pay for other utilities. 
annex
annex
[名詞]

a building later added to a main building in order to provide more space

別館, 拡張部分

別館, 拡張部分

Ex: The school built an annex to accommodate the growing number of students. 

学校は増加する生徒数を収容するために別館を建てました。

chimney
chimney
[名詞]

a channel or passage that lets the smoke from a fire pass through and get out from the roof of a building

煙突, 排煙通路

煙突, 排煙通路

Ex: Smoke rose from the chimney on the cold winter morning. 

寒い冬の朝、煙が煙突から立ち上っていた。

cowl
cowl
[名詞]

a hood-like covering or structure, often with a conical or curved shape, used to cover or protect an opening or feature such as a chimney, ventilator, or roof

フード, カバー

フード, カバー

fire screen
fire screen
[名詞]

a protective covering made of metal or glass that is placed in front of a fireplace to prevent sparks, embers, or debris from escaping while still allowing heat and light to pass through

防火スクリーン, 暖炉の保護スクリーン

防火スクリーン, 暖炉の保護スクリーン

Ex: She carefully adjusted the fire screen to keep the embers contained while the fire burned down. 

彼女は火が消える間、燃えさしを封じ込めるために防火スクリーンを注意深く調整しました。

mantelpiece
mantelpiece
[名詞]

a shelf that is made of wood or stone and is above a fireplace

マントルピース, 暖炉の棚

マントルピース, 暖炉の棚

Ex: The family portrait hung proudly above the mantelpiece, capturing cherished memories for generations to come. 

家族の肖像は誇らしげにマントルピースの上に掛けられ、将来の世代のための大切な思い出を捉えていました。

inglenook
inglenook
[名詞]

a small and cozy corner or space, usually next to a fireplace, where people can sit and relax in a warm and comfortable environment

暖炉の隅, 居心地の良い隅

暖炉の隅, 居心地の良い隅

Ex: The family gathered in the inglenook by the fire, enjoying hot cocoa and stories. 

家族は暖炉のそばの居心地の良いコーナーに集まり、ホットココアと物語を楽しんだ。

floor
floor
[名詞]

the bottom of a room that we walk on

床, フロア

床, フロア

Ex: She covered the floor with a colorful carpet. 
level
level
[名詞]

one of the many floors that are in a building

レベル, 階

レベル, 階

Ex: The pool is located on the ground level of the hotel. 
mezzanine
mezzanine
[名詞]

a floor situated between two other floors of a building, which is smaller compared to the two

メザニン, 中二階

メザニン, 中二階

Ex: The bookstore had a cozy reading area on the mezzanine, offering a quiet retreat for book lovers. 

その書店にはメザニンに居心地の良い読書スペースがあり、本好きの人々に静かな憩いの場を提供していました。

column
column
[名詞]

a vertical structural element, often made of stone, that supports the weight of the building above it

柱, 支柱

柱, 支柱

Ex: The architect designed the modern office building with sleek, minimalist columns. 
front
front
[名詞]

the front face of a large building, particularly a church

正面, ファサード

正面, ファサード

Ex: They gathered outside the front of the building for the ceremony. 
lobby
lobby
[名詞]

a large area just inside the main entrance of a public building

ロビー,  玄関ホール

ロビー, 玄関ホール

Ex: Emma waited for Daniel in the hotel lobby. 
trash chute
trash chute
[名詞]

a vertical or inclined passage in a building that allows for the convenient disposal of waste materials by dropping them into a designated collection area or dumpster

ごみシュート, ごみ投げ入れ口

ごみシュート, ごみ投げ入れ口

Ex: She was frustrated when the trash chute became blocked, causing a delay in waste removal. 

ゴミシュートが詰まって廃棄物の除去が遅れたとき、彼女はイライラしました。

alcove
alcove
[名詞]

a recessed part of a wall that is built further back from the rest of it

アルコーブ, 壁龕

アルコーブ, 壁龕

Ex: The art gallery had a special alcove dedicated to showcasing sculptures, illuminated by soft overhead lighting. 

その美術館には、ソフトな天井照明で照らされた彫刻を展示するための特別なアルコーブがありました。

vent
vent
[名詞]

an opening or passage that allows the movement of air, gases, or other substances, typically used for ventilation, release of heat or moisture, or to remove unwanted odors

通気口, ベント

通気口, ベント

courtyard
courtyard
[名詞]

an area with no roof that is partially or completely surrounded by walls, often forming a part of a large building

中庭, 庭園

中庭, 庭園

Ex: The children played in the courtyard, enjoying the fresh air and sunshine. 

子供たちは中庭で遊び、新鮮な空気と日光を楽しんだ。

whispering gallery

a curved architectural space where sound waves can travel along the walls, allowing whispers to be heard clearly from one side to the other

ささやきの回廊, ささやきの間

ささやきの回廊, ささやきの間

Ex: The cathedral had a whispering gallery, where visitors could whisper on one side and hear the sound clearly on the other. 

大聖堂にはささやきの回廊があり、訪問者は片側でささやくと、反対側で音をはっきりと聞くことができました。

chimney pot
chimney pot
[名詞]

a short and wide pipe connected to the top of a chimney

煙突の帽子, 煙突の上部パイプ

煙突の帽子, 煙突の上部パイプ

Ex: The chimney pot on the roof helped direct smoke safely away from the house. 

屋根の煙突のポットは、煙を家から安全に遠ざけるのに役立ちました。

pace
pace
[名詞]

a courtyard or open area within a building complex

中庭, パティオ

中庭, パティオ

Ex: The soldiers assembled in the pace before the barracks. 
suite
suite
[名詞]

a set of connected rooms used together, especially in a hotel

スイート,  続き部屋

スイート, 続き部屋

Ex: Emma booked a spacious suite for her family at the hotel. 
quadrangle
quadrangle
[名詞]

a four-sided courtyard or open space, often enclosed by buildings or walls, typically found in educational institutions, residential complexes, or historical landmarks

四角形, 中庭

四角形, 中庭

stairway
stairway
[名詞]

a set of steps along with their surrounding structure that can lead one from one floor to another

階段, 階段通路

階段, 階段通路

Ex: The grand stairway in the mansion was made of marble. 

大邸宅の大きな階段は大理石で作られていました。

dumbwaiter
dumbwaiter
[名詞]

a small elevator or lifting device used to transport items such as food, dishes, or laundry between different floors of a building, typically in a commercial or residential setting

ダムウェイター, サービスエレベーター

ダムウェイター, サービスエレベーター

elevator
elevator
[名詞]

a box-like device that moves up and down and is used to get to the different levels of a building

エレベーター

エレベーター

Ex: It's important to hold the elevator door open if someone is rushing to catch it. 
escalator
escalator
[名詞]

a staircase that moves and takes people up or down different levels easily, often found in large buildings like airports, department stores, etc.

エスカレーター, 動く階段

エスカレーター, 動く階段

Ex: The weary travelers rode the escalator down to the baggage claim area after a long flight. 

疲れた旅行者たちは長いフライトの後、エスカレーターに乗って手荷物受取所へ降りた。

hearth
hearth
[名詞]

an open area at the base of a chimney used for building a fire

暖炉, 炉床

暖炉, 炉床

Ex: Logs crackled in the hearth, warming the room. 

薪が暖炉でパチパチと音を立て、部屋を温めていた。

fireside
fireside
[名詞]

the area or space near a fire, particularly a fireplace, where people gather for warmth, relaxation, and socializing

炉辺, 暖炉のそば

炉辺, 暖炉のそば

gallery
gallery
[名詞]

a long and narrow covered walkway or corridor with a series of arches or columns along one or both sides

ギャラリー

ギャラリー

Ex: A covered gallery connected the two buildings. 
tube elevator

a vertical transportation system consisting of a cylindrical tube or shaft in which a cabin or platform travels, enabling efficient movement between different floors or levels within a building

チューブエレベーター, 管状エレベーター

チューブエレベーター, 管状エレベーター

Ex: The tube elevator moved silently, offering a smooth ride to the top floor of the building. 

チューブエレベーターは静かに動き、建物の最上階までスムーズな乗り心地を提供しました。

electrical system

the network of components, wiring, and devices that enable the generation, distribution, and use of electrical power within a building or structure

電気システム, 電気ネットワーク

電気システム, 電気ネットワーク

plumbing system

a network of pipes, fixtures, valves, and other components that work together to supply and distribute water, as well as remove waste and sewage, within a building or structure

配管システム, 配管ネットワーク

配管システム, 配管ネットワーク

Ex: The new house featured a modern plumbing system with advanced water-saving features. 

新しい家には、節水機能が進んだ現代的な配管システムが備わっていた。

soffit
soffit
[名詞]

the underside of an architectural element, such as a ceiling, arch, or overhanging roof, typically located on the underside of a structure

ソフィット, 建築要素の下面

ソフィット, 建築要素の下面

Ex: The soffit under the roofline was painted white to match the exterior walls. 

屋根の下のソフィットは、外壁に合わせて白く塗られました。

story
story
[名詞]

a level or floor of a building, separated by a horizontal division, used to describe the building's height or structure

階, フロア

階, フロア

Ex: The library occupies three stories, with the children's section on the ground floor. 
the upstairs
the upstairs
[名詞]

the upper floor or floors of a building

上階, 上の階

上階, 上の階

Ex: The upstairs of the house has three bedrooms. 
the downstairs

a floor that is located on a lower level of a building, particularly at the ground level

階下, 1階

階下, 1階

Ex: The downstairs of the house is newly renovated. 

家の階下は新しく改装されました。

interior
interior
[名詞]

the internal part of a building, car, etc.

内部

内部

Ex: The interior of the house was decorated in a modern style. 
exterior
exterior
[名詞]

the outer surface or outermost layer of an object, building, etc.

外側, 表面

外側, 表面

Ex: The mug’s glossy exterior was decorated with colorful patterns. 

マグカップの光沢のある外側はカラフルな模様で飾られていました。

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