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ここでは「皮質」「前頭葉」「扁桃体」など脳に関する英単語を学びます。

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Words Related to Body
cerebrum

the largest and most developed part of the brain, responsible for conscious thought, perception, movement, and memory

大脳

大脳

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[名詞]
cerebellum

a region of the brain that coordinates movement, balance, and posture

小脳

小脳

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[名詞]
brainstem

the vital bridge between the brain and the spinal cord, controlling essential functions and relaying information throughout the body

脳幹, 脳茎

脳幹, 脳茎

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[名詞]
corpus callosum

a bundle of nerve fibers that connects the left and right hemispheres of the brain, facilitating communication

脳梁, コーパス・カロサム

脳梁, コーパス・カロサム

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[名詞]
corpus amygdaloideum

an almond-shaped structure in the brain that plays a key role in processing emotions

扁桃体, アーモンド形構造

扁桃体, アーモンド形構造

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[名詞]
cortex

(anatomy) the outer layer of the anterior part of the brain, called cerebrum, containing gray matter

大脳皮質, コルテックス

大脳皮質, コルテックス

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[名詞]
motor cortex

a region of the cerebral cortex responsible for planning, controlling, and executing voluntary movements

運動皮質, モーターコルテックス

運動皮質, モーターコルテックス

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[名詞]
gyrus

a raised fold on the surface of the cerebral cortex

ギルス, 脳回

ギルス, 脳回

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[名詞]
gyrus cinguli

a curved fold in the cerebral cortex that is involved in emotion, memory, and attention

帯状回

帯状回

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[名詞]
frontal cortex

the anterior part of the brain responsible for higher cognitive functions and complex behaviors

前頭皮質, 前頭前野

前頭皮質, 前頭前野

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[名詞]
frontal lobe

a region of the brain responsible for cognitive functions such as decision-making or problem-solving

前頭葉, フロントラル

前頭葉, フロントラル

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[名詞]
occipital cortex

the region in the brain that processes visual information

後頭葉皮質

後頭葉皮質

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[名詞]
occipital lobe

a body part located at the posterior end of the cerebral cortex in the brain, responsible for processing and interpreting visual information received from the eyes

後頭葉, オキシピタルローブ

後頭葉, オキシピタルローブ

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[名詞]
occipital gyrus

an anatomical structure located in the occipital lobe of the brain. It is involved in visual processing

後頭回, オキシピタルジャイラス

後頭回, オキシピタルジャイラス

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[名詞]
sensory strip

a brain region that processes sensory information related to touch, temperature, pain, and proprioception from different parts of the body

感覚ストリップ, 感覚領域

感覚ストリップ, 感覚領域

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[名詞]
frontal gyrus

a curved fold of tissue located in the frontal lobe of the brain

前頭回, フロンタルギルス

前頭回, フロンタルギルス

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[名詞]
parietal cortex

the outer layer of neural tissue in the parietal lobe involved in sensory processing and spatial awareness

頭頂葉皮質, 頭頂 cortex

頭頂葉皮質, 頭頂 cortex

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[名詞]
parietal lobe

a region of the brain involved in sensory processing, spatial awareness, and cognitive functions

頭頂葉, 頭頂叶

頭頂葉, 頭頂叶

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[名詞]
parietal gyrus

a folded region of brain tissue in the parietal lobe, involved in sensory perception, spatial processing, and motor planning

頭頂回, 頭頂横回

頭頂回, 頭頂横回

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[名詞]
temporal lobe

a region of the brain responsible for auditory processing, memory, language comprehension, and visual perception

側頭葉, 側頭葉 (名詞)

側頭葉, 側頭葉 (名詞)

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[名詞]
temporal cortex

the region of the brain within the temporal lobe that is involved in auditory processing, memory, language comprehension, and visual recognition

側頭皮質, 側頭葉皮質

側頭皮質, 側頭葉皮質

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[名詞]
temporal gyrus

a curved fold of tissue located within the temporal lobe of the brain, involved in various functions such as auditory processing, language, memory, and emotion

側頭回, テンポラルギルス

側頭回, テンポラルギルス

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[名詞]
Broca's area

a region in the brain responsible for speech production and language processing

ブローカ領域, ブローカエリア

ブローカ領域, ブローカエリア

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[名詞]
motor strip

a region of the brain located in the frontal lobe that is responsible for controlling voluntary movement of muscles throughout the body

運動帯, 運動皮質

運動帯, 運動皮質

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[名詞]
Wernicke's area

a region of the brain involved in language comprehension and processing

ウェルニッケ領域, ウェルニッケエリア

ウェルニッケ領域, ウェルニッケエリア

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[名詞]
sulcus

a shallow groove or indentation on the surface of the brain, separating different regions or lobes

溝, サルクス

溝, サルクス

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[名詞]
central sulcus

a deep groove in the brain that separates the frontal and parietal lobes

中央溝, セントラルサルカス

中央溝, セントラルサルカス

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[名詞]
sulcus lateralis cerebri

a groove on the lateral surface of the cerebrum that separates the frontal and parietal lobes from the temporal lobe

大脳側溝, 側脳溝

大脳側溝, 側脳溝

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[名詞]
gray matter

the region of the central nervous system that contains neural cell bodies, dendrites, and synapses, and appears greyish in color

灰色の物質, グレーの物質

灰色の物質, グレーの物質

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[名詞]
white matter

the tissue in the central nervous system composed of myelinated nerve fibers

白質, ホワイトマター

白質, ホワイトマター

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[名詞]
hypothalamus

(anatomy) a region in the central lower part of the brain that is responsible for autonomic nervous system and the release of hormones

視床下部

視床下部

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[名詞]
thalamus

a region in the brain that acts as a relay station for sensory information

視床

視床

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[名詞]
basal ganglion

a group of structures in the brain involved in motor control and reward-based learning

基底核, 基底ganglion

基底核, 基底ganglion

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[名詞]
limbic system

a complex subcortical nervous system of the brain that is associated with emotions and drives

辺縁系, 脳の辺縁系

辺縁系, 脳の辺縁系

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[名詞]
limbic brain

the interconnected structures within the brain's limbic system, involved in emotions, memory, and motivation

辺縁系脳, リムビックシステム

辺縁系脳, リムビックシステム

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[名詞]
amygdala

a small, almond-shaped structure in the brain that processes emotions

扁桃体

扁桃体

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[名詞]
putamen

a part of the basal ganglia in the brain, involved in motor control and coordination

被殻

被殻

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[名詞]
lateral ventricle

a fluid-filled chamber in the brain that plays a vital role in cerebrospinal fluid circulation and brain health

側脳室, 側室

側脳室, 側室

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[名詞]
hippocampus

a curved structure in the brain responsible for memory formation, learning, and spatial navigationa curved structure in the brain responsible for memory formation, learning, and spatial navigation

海馬

海馬

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[名詞]
prefrontal cortex

the front part of the brain involved in higher cognition and executive functions

前頭前皮質, 前頭皮質

前頭前皮質, 前頭皮質

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[名詞]
prefrontal lobe

the anterior region of the brain responsible for executive functions and social cognition

前頭葉, 前頭部

前頭葉, 前頭部

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[名詞]
cingulate gyrus

a brain structure involved in emotional and cognitive processing, located above the corpus callosum

帯状回, シングレット回

帯状回, シングレット回

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[名詞]
ventricle

(anatomy) one of the four main cavities in the brain containing cerebrospinal fluid

脳室

脳室

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[名詞]
choroid plexus

a network of blood vessels in the brain that produces cerebrospinal fluid

脈絡叢, ちくろくそう

脈絡叢, ちくろくそう

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[名詞]
cerebrospinal fluid

a protective fluid that surrounds the brain and spinal cord, providing cushioning and facilitating nutrient exchange

脳脊髄液, セレブロスパイナル液

脳脊髄液, セレブロスパイナル液

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[名詞]
foramen of monro

a small opening that connects the lateral ventricles of the brain, allowing the flow of cerebrospinal fluid between them

モンロー孔, モンローの開口部

モンロー孔, モンローの開口部

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[名詞]
third ventricle

a fluid-filled cavity in the brain that plays a role in cerebrospinal fluid circulation and communication between brain regions

第三脳室

第三脳室

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[名詞]
fourth ventricle

a fluid-filled cavity located in the brainstem, involved in the production and circulation of cerebrospinal fluid

第四脳室

第四脳室

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[名詞]
subarachnoid space

a fluid-filled area between the arachnoid membrane and the pia mater in the central nervous system

くも膜下腔, クモ膜下スペース

くも膜下腔, クモ膜下スペース

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[名詞]
cisterna

a fluid-filled space within the body, particularly within the brain or spinal cord, that acts as a reservoir for cerebrospinal fluid

システルナ, 貯水槽

システルナ, 貯水槽

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[名詞]
central canal

a narrow fluid-filled channel that runs through the center of the spinal cord and carries cerebrospinal fluid

中心管

中心管

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[名詞]
meninges

a three-layered protective covering that surrounds the brain and spinal cord

髄膜

髄膜

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[名詞]
hemisphere

either the left or right side of the brain, or the cerebrum

半球

半球

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[名詞]
foramen magnum

an opening at the posterior aspect of the skull through which the spinal cord passes

大後頭孔

大後頭孔

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[名詞]
dura mater

the tough, fibrous membrane that surrounds and protects the brain and spinal cord

硬膜

硬膜

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[名詞]
arachnoid

a thin membrane that covers the brain and spinal cord, playing a role in protecting and supporting the central nervous system

クモ膜

クモ膜

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[名詞]
pia mater

the innermost layer of the meninges, which is a protective membrane surrounding the brain and spinal cord

軟膜

軟膜

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[名詞]
middle cranial fossa

the middle and largest of the three cranial fossae, located at the base of the skull and housing the temporal lobes of the brain

中頭蓋窩, 中間の頭蓋窩

中頭蓋窩, 中間の頭蓋窩

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[名詞]
posterior cranial fossa

a cavity located at the base of the skull that holds the cerebellum, pons, and medulla oblongata

後頭蓋窩

後頭蓋窩

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[名詞]
anterior cranial fossa

the shallowest and most anterior of the three cranial fossae, located at the base of the skull and housing the frontal lobes of the brain

前頭蓋腔, 頭蓋前部

前頭蓋腔, 頭蓋前部

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[名詞]
cerebral cortex

the outer layer of the brain responsible for higher cognitive functions and information processing

大脳皮質, 脳の皮質

大脳皮質, 脳の皮質

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[名詞]
olfactory brain

a structure located in the front part of the brain involved in the sense of smell

嗅覚脳, 嗅覚センター

嗅覚脳, 嗅覚センター

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[名詞]
olfactory bulb

a brain structure involved in processing smells and detecting odor molecules

嗅球, オルファクトリーバルブ

嗅球, オルファクトリーバルブ

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[名詞]
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