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TOEFL のための基本語彙 - Religion

TOEFL試験に必要な「寺院」「神社」「魂」など宗教に関する英単語を学びます。

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
abbey
[名詞]

a church with buildings connected to it in which a group of monks or nuns live or used to live

修道院(しゅうどういん), アビー

修道院(しゅうどういん), アビー

Ex: They have dedicated their lives to serving at abbey, finding solace and purpose within its hallowed walls .
temple
[名詞]

a building used for worshiping one or several gods, used by some religious communities, especially Buddhists and Hindus

寺院 (じいん), 神殿 (しんでん)

寺院 (じいん), 神殿 (しんでん)

Ex: He made a pilgrimage to temple to fulfill a vow made to the deity .
mosque
[名詞]

a place of worship, used by Muslims

モスク, 礼拝所

モスク, 礼拝所

shrine
[名詞]

a place or building for people to pray in, which is considered holy by many due to its connection with a sacred person, event, or object

神社(じんじゃ), 聖所(せいしょ)

神社(じんじゃ), 聖所(せいしょ)

monastery
[名詞]

a building where a group of monks live and pray

修道院, 僧院

修道院, 僧院

Christianity
[名詞]

the Abrahamic religion based on the teachings of Jesus of Nazareth, the followers of which regard the Bible as sacred

キリスト教, クリスチャン信仰

キリスト教, クリスチャン信仰

Catholic
[形容詞]

related to or belonging to the Western branch of the Christian Church that is led by the Pope

カトリックの, カトリック教会の

カトリックの, カトリック教会の

Protestant
[形容詞]

related to or belonging to the Western branch of the Christian Church, distinct from the Roman Catholic Church

プロテスタントの, プロテスタンティックな

プロテスタントの, プロテスタンティックな

Christ
[名詞]

the man based on whose teachings Christianity is established

キリスト, キリスト教の教えに基づく人

キリスト, キリスト教の教えに基づく人

Bible
[名詞]

the holy book of Christianity that consists of the Old Testament and the New Testament

聖書 (せいしょ), バイブル

聖書 (せいしょ), バイブル

bishop
[名詞]

a high-ranking priest who supervises all the churches and priests in a city

司教(しきょう), ビショップ

司教(しきょう), ビショップ

Saint
[名詞]

someone who, after their death, is officially recognized by the Christian Church as a very holy person

聖人 (せいじん), サンクト (さんくと)

聖人 (せいじん), サンクト (さんくと)

monk
[名詞]

a member of a male religious group that lives in a monastery

僧侶(そうりょ), 修道士(しゅうどうし)

僧侶(そうりょ), 修道士(しゅうどうし)

nun
[名詞]

a member of a female religious group that lives in a convent

修道女(しゅうどうじょ), 尼僧(にそう)

修道女(しゅうどうじょ), 尼僧(にそう)

to preach
[動詞]

to give a religious speech, particularly in a church

説教する, 伝える

説教する, 伝える

soul
[名詞]

the spiritual part of a person that is believed to be the essence of life in them

魂 (たましい), 霊魂 (れいこん)

魂 (たましい), 霊魂 (れいこん)

heaven
[名詞]

the realm of God and angels where the believers are promised to reside

天国 (てんごく), 楽園 (らくえん)

天国 (てんごく), 楽園 (らくえん)

hell
[名詞]

the realm of Satan and the evil forces in which sinners suffer after death eternally

地獄 (じごく), 奈落 (ならく)

地獄 (じごく), 奈落 (ならく)

spiritual
[形容詞]

relating to sacred matters such as religion, church, etc.

精神的な, 霊的な

精神的な, 霊的な

to worship
[動詞]

to respect and honor God or a deity, especially by performing rituals

崇拝する, 礼拝する

崇拝する, 礼拝する

ritual
[名詞]

the act of conducting a series of fixed actions, particular to a religious ceremony

儀式,  Ritual

儀式, Ritual

sin
[名詞]

any act that goes against the law of God

罪 (つみ), 罪悪 (ざいあく)

罪 (つみ), 罪悪 (ざいあく)

faith
[名詞]

strong belief in a particular god or religion

信仰 (しんこう), 信念 (しんねん)

信仰 (しんこう), 信念 (しんねん)

divine
[形容詞]

originating from, relating to, or associated with God or a god

神聖な, 神の

神聖な, 神の

devil
[名詞]

the spirit that opposes God and tempts people to do wrong

悪魔, デーモン

悪魔, デーモン

Islam
[名詞]

the religion of the Muslims, which was established by Muhammad whose holy book is called the Quran

イスラム教, イスラーム

イスラム教, イスラーム

Muslim
[名詞]

a person who believes in Islam

ムスリム, イスラム教徒

ムスリム, イスラム教徒

Buddhism
[名詞]

an Indian religion based on the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama, whose followers worship in temples

仏教(ぶっきょう), 仏教徒の宗教(ぶっきょうと の しゅうきょう)

仏教(ぶっきょう), 仏教徒の宗教(ぶっきょうと の しゅうきょう)

to convert
[動詞]

to change one's religious beliefs to a different one

改宗する, 宗教を変える

改宗する, 宗教を変える

carnival
[名詞]

a festival happening annually that involves dancing, music and colorful clothes

カーニバル, 祭り

カーニバル, 祭り

to sacrifice
[動詞]

to kill an animal or person as a religious act

生け贄にする, 犠牲にする

生け贄にする, 犠牲にする

cult
[名詞]

a group of people with extreme religious views who are separate from any established religion

カルト, 教団

カルト, 教団

to recall and show respect for an important person, event, etc. from the past with an action or in a ceremony

記念する, 追悼する

記念する, 追悼する

TOEFL のための基本語彙
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