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托福必备词汇 - Religion

在这里,你将学习一些关于宗教的英语单词,如“寺庙”、“神社”、“灵魂”等,这些是托福考试所需要的。

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
abbey
abbey
[名词]

a group of buildings where a community of monks or nuns lives or formerly lived, typically including a church

Ex: Tourists walked through the ruins of the ancient abbey. 
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temple
temple
[名词]

a building used for religious worship, especially in religions such as Hinduism and Buddhism

Ex: Emma removed her shoes before entering the temple. 
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mosque
mosque
[名词]

a place of worship, used by Muslims

清真寺, 穆斯林礼拜场所

清真寺, 穆斯林礼拜场所

Ex: She removed her shoes before entering the mosque as a sign of respect. 

她出于尊重,在进入清真寺之前脱掉了鞋子。

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shrine
shrine
[名词]

a place or building for people to pray in, which is considered holy by many due to its connection with a sacred person, event, or object

神社, 朝圣地

神社, 朝圣地

Ex: The shrine is a place of pilgrimage where believers gather to pray and offer offerings. 

神殿是信徒聚集祈祷和献祭的朝圣地。

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monastery
monastery
[名词]

a building where a group of monks live and pray

修道院, 寺院

修道院, 寺院

Ex: Monks in the monastery follow a strict daily schedule of work, study, and worship. 

修道院的僧侣遵循严格的日常工作、学习和礼拜时间表。

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believer
believer
[名词]

a person who has faith in a god or follows a particular religion

信徒, 信奉者

信徒, 信奉者

Ex: Believers gathered at the temple for the festival. 

信徒们聚集在寺庙里参加节日。

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Christianity
Christianity
[名词]

the religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ

基督教,  基督宗教

基督教, 基督宗教

Ex: Maria is studying the history of Christianity at college. 
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Catholic
Catholic
[形容词]

related to or belonging to the Western branch of the Christian Church that is led by the Pope

天主教的, 与天主教教会有关的

天主教的, 与天主教教会有关的

Ex: The Catholic tradition places significant importance on the intercession of saints. 
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protestant
protestant
[形容词]

relating to Protestantism, Protestants, or their churches

新教的,  抗议宗的

新教的, 抗议宗的

Ex: The town has several Protestant churches. 
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Christ
Christ
[名词]

the man based on whose teachings Christianity is established

基督, 耶稣基督

基督, 耶稣基督

Ex: The Sermon on the Mount is one of the most famous discourses given by Christ. 
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Bible
Bible
[名词]

the sacred scriptures of Christianity, consisting of the Old Testament and the New Testament

圣经,  新旧约全书

圣经, 新旧约全书

Ex: Rachel reads a passage from the Bible every morning. 
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bishop
bishop
[名词]

a high-ranking priest who supervises all the churches and priests in a city

主教, 教区主教

主教, 教区主教

Ex: After years of dedicated service, he was appointed bishop and given responsibility for overseeing all the churches in the city. 
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father
father
[名词]

a title used for Christian priests, especially in certain traditions

神父, 牧师

神父, 牧师

Ex: The children were taught by Father Anthony at the school. 
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Saint
Saint
[名词]

a title used before the name of a person officially recognized by a Christian Church as exceptionally holy

圣人,  圣徒

圣人, 圣徒

Ex: The church was dedicated to Saint Peter. 
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monk
monk
[名词]

a man who belongs to a religious community and usually lives in a monastery

僧侣,  修士

僧侣, 修士

Ex: Daniel spoke with a monk who lived at the monastery. 
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nun
nun
[名词]

a member of a female religious group that lives in a convent

修女, 尼姑

修女, 尼姑

Ex: As a nun, she took vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience to live a life of religious devotion. 

作为一名修女,她宣誓贫困、贞洁和服从,以过一种宗教奉献的生活。

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to preach
to preach
[动词]

to give a religious speech, particularly in a church

讲道, 布道

讲道, 布道

Ex: Every Sunday, the pastor preaches sermons to the congregation, sharing biblical wisdom. 
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soul
soul
[名词]

the spiritual part of a person that is believed to be the essence of life in them

灵魂

灵魂

Ex: The haunting melody of the song seemed to touch the very soul of everyone who heard it. 
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heaven
heaven
[名词]

the place where God or the gods are believed to live and where good people are believed to go after death

天堂,  天国

天堂, 天国

Ex: The prayer speaks of God in heaven. 
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hell
hell
[名词]

(in Christianity) the dwelling place of Satan and his forces, where sinners suffer eternal punishment

地狱, 阴间

地狱, 阴间

Ex: The faithful pray for salvation to avoid hell. 
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spiritual
spiritual
[形容词]

relating to religion, worship, or sacred matters

精神的,  灵性的

精神的, 灵性的

Ex: They traveled to the monastery for spiritual instruction. 
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to worship
to worship
[动词]

to show religious devotion and reverence to God, a god, or something considered sacred

崇拜,  敬拜

崇拜, 敬拜

Ex: They worship God through prayer and song. 
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ritual
ritual
[名词]

a religious or formal ceremony consisting of a prescribed series of actions

仪式

仪式

Ex: The community gathers each year for a traditional religious ritual. 
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sin
sin
[名词]

an act that violates a religious or moral law

罪,  罪过

罪, 罪过

Ex: She confessed her sins and asked for forgiveness. 
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faith
faith
[名词]

strong belief in a particular god or religion

信仰, 信念

信仰, 信念

Ex: Through prayer and meditation, she seeks to deepen her connection to her faith and spirituality. 
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divine
divine
[形容词]

coming from, connected with, or relating to God or a god

神圣的,  神的

神圣的, 神的

Ex: Daniel believed that the warning had come through divine guidance. 
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Devil
Devil
[名词]

the supreme evil spirit believed to oppose God and tempt people to do wrong

Ex: Medieval paintings often portray the Devil with horns and a tail. 
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Islam
Islam
[名词]

the religion of the Muslims, which was established by Muhammad whose holy book is called the Quran

伊斯兰教

伊斯兰教

Ex: Muslims follow the teachings of Islam, which include the Five Pillars as guidelines for faith and practice. 

穆斯林遵循伊斯兰教的教义,其中包括作为信仰和实践指南的五功。

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Muslim
Muslim
[名词]

a person who follows the religion of Islam

穆斯林

穆斯林

Ex: Muslims fast during the month of Ramadan. 
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Quran
Quran
[名词]

the holy book of Islam, believed by Muslims to be the word of God

古兰经, 伊斯兰教的圣书

古兰经, 伊斯兰教的圣书

Ex: The Quran is written in Arabic. 

《古兰经》是用阿拉伯语写成的。

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Buddhism
Buddhism
[名词]

an Indian religion based on the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama, whose followers worship in temples

佛教, 佛教徒的宗教

佛教, 佛教徒的宗教

Ex: Many people practice meditation as part of their devotion to Buddhism. 

许多人练习冥想作为他们对佛教的虔诚的一部分。

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Hinduism
Hinduism
[名词]

a major religion in South Asia, Sri Lanka, and Nepal, involving the worship of many gods

印度教, 印度教

印度教, 印度教

Ex: Temples are central places of worship in Hinduism. 

寺庙是印度教中崇拜的中心场所。

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enlightenment

(in Buddhism and Hinduism) a transcendent state of spiritual realization, liberation from the cycle of reincarnation, characterized by the cessation of desire, suffering, and individual consciousness

开悟, 觉醒

开悟, 觉醒

Ex: Enlightenment in Buddhism marks the end of worldly suffering. 

觉悟在佛教中标志着世俗痛苦的终结。

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Judaism
Judaism
[名词]

the religion of Jewish people that is monotheistic

犹太教, 犹太人的宗教

犹太教, 犹太人的宗教

Ex: Synagogues are central to practicing Judaism. 

犹太教堂是实践犹太教的核心场所。

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to convert
to convert
[动词]

to change one's religious beliefs to a different one

皈依, 改变宗教信仰

皈依, 改变宗教信仰

Ex: Following a period of spiritual awakening, Emily made the decision to convert to Judaism. 
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carnival
carnival
[名词]

a festival happening annually that involves dancing, music and colorful clothes

狂欢节, 节日

狂欢节, 节日

Ex: People wore colorful outfits during the carnival. 

人们在狂欢节期间穿着色彩鲜艳的服装。

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to sacrifice
to sacrifice
[动词]

to kill a person or animal and offer them to a deity as part of a religious ritual

献祭,  牺牲

献祭, 牺牲

Ex: The story tells of a king preparing to sacrifice his son to the gods. 
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cult
cult
[名词]

a group of people with extreme religious views who are separate from any established religion

邪教, 崇拜

邪教, 崇拜

Ex: She was drawn into a cult during her vulnerable teenage years. 

在她脆弱的青少年时期,她被吸引进了一个邪教。

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to commemorate

to recall and show respect for an important person, event, etc. from the past with an action or in a ceremony

纪念, 缅怀

纪念, 缅怀

Ex: The museum was built to commemorate the founding of the town in 1850. 

这座博物馆是为了纪念1850年该镇的建立而建的。

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