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المفردات الضرورية للاختبار TOEFL - Religion

هنا سوف تتعلم بعض الكلمات الإنجليزية عن الدين، مثل "معبد"، "ضريح"، "روح"، إلخ. التي يحتاجها اختبار TOEFL.

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اختبار قصير

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
abbey
abbey
[اسم]

a group of buildings where a community of monks or nuns lives or formerly lived, typically including a church

دير,  كنيسة دير

دير, كنيسة دير

Ex: The old abbey was badly damaged during the war. 
temple
temple
[اسم]

a building used for religious worship, especially in religions such as Hinduism and Buddhism

Ex: The ruins of a Roman temple were discovered near the city. 
mosque
mosque
[اسم]

a place of worship, used by Muslims

مسجد, مكان عبادة المسلمين

مسجد, مكان عبادة المسلمين

Ex: He listened to the imam's sermon during the weekly Friday sermon at the mosque. 

استمع إلى خطبة الإمام خلال خطبة الجمعة الأسبوعية في المسجد.

shrine
shrine
[اسم]

a place or building for people to pray in, which is considered holy by many due to its connection with a sacred person, event, or object

ضريح, مكان للحج

ضريح, مكان للحج

Ex: The shrine attracts thousands of devotees during religious festivals and special occasions. 

يجذب المزار آلاف المصلين خلال المهرجانات الدينية والمناسبات الخاصة.

monastery
monastery
[اسم]

a building where a group of monks live and pray

دير, صومعة

دير, صومعة

Ex: The abbot of the monastery oversees its spiritual and administrative matters. 

رئيس الدير يشرف على الشؤون الروحية والإدارية للدير.

believer
believer
[اسم]

a person who has faith in a god or follows a particular religion

مؤمن, متبع

مؤمن, متبع

Ex: The community respects the practices of all believers. 

المجتمع يحترم ممارسات جميع المؤمنين.

Christianity
Christianity
[اسم]

the religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ

المسيحية,  الديانة المسيحية

المسيحية, الديانة المسيحية

Ex: The museum exhibition explores the development of Christianity over two thousand years. 
Catholic
Catholic
[صفة]

related to or belonging to the Western branch of the Christian Church that is led by the Pope

كاثوليكي, متعلق بالكنيسة الكاثوليكية

كاثوليكي, متعلق بالكنيسة الكاثوليكية

Ex: He attended a Catholic school as a child. 
protestant
protestant
[صفة]

relating to Protestantism, Protestants, or their churches

بروتستانتي,  بروتستانتية

بروتستانتي, بروتستانتية

Ex: Emma attended a Protestant school as a child. 
Christ
Christ
[اسم]

the man based on whose teachings Christianity is established

المسيح, يسوع المسيح

المسيح, يسوع المسيح

Ex: The apostles spread the message of Christ throughout the ancient world. 
Bible
Bible
[اسم]

the sacred scriptures of Christianity, consisting of the Old Testament and the New Testament

الكتاب المقدس,  الإنجيل

الكتاب المقدس, الإنجيل

Ex: Students discussed a story from the Bible during class. 
bishop
bishop
[اسم]

a high-ranking priest who supervises all the churches and priests in a city

أسقف, رئيس الأساقفة

أسقف, رئيس الأساقفة

Ex: The bishop met with community leaders to discuss ways the church could support local social programs. 
father
father
[اسم]

a title used for Christian priests, especially in certain traditions

الأب, الكاهن

الأب, الكاهن

Ex: Father Michael led the community prayer. 
Saint
Saint
[اسم]

a title used before the name of a person officially recognized by a Christian Church as exceptionally holy

قديس,  قديسة

قديس, قديسة

Ex: The cathedral is named after Saint Paul. 
monk
monk
[اسم]

a man who belongs to a religious community and usually lives in a monastery

Ex: He became a monk after deciding to devote his life to religion. 
nun
nun
[اسم]

a member of a female religious group that lives in a convent

راهبة, راهبة

راهبة, راهبة

Ex: The nun's habit and veil were symbols of her commitment to her religious community. 

كانت عادة الراهبة وحجابها رمزًا لالتزامها بمجتمعها الديني.

to preach
to preach
[فعل]

to give a religious speech, particularly in a church

يعظ, يخطب

يعظ, يخطب

Ex: The priest was invited to preach during the special Easter service, focusing on the message of resurrection. 

تم دعوة الكاهن إلى الوعظ خلال خدمة عيد الفصح الخاصة، مع التركيز على رسالة القيامة.

soul
soul
[اسم]

the spiritual part of a person that is believed to be the essence of life in them

روح

روح

Ex: Meditation and prayer are practices that help him nourish his soul. 
heaven
heaven
[اسم]

the place where God or the gods are believed to live and where good people are believed to go after death

الجنة,  السماء

الجنة, السماء

Ex: Many religious traditions describe heaven as a place of eternal peace. 
hell
hell
[اسم]

(in Christianity) the dwelling place of Satan and his forces, where sinners suffer eternal punishment

جهنم, الجحيم

جهنم, الجحيم

Ex: Hell is described as a place of fire and anguish. 
spiritual
spiritual
[صفة]

relating to religion, worship, or sacred matters

روحي,  ديني

روحي, ديني

Ex: He became an important spiritual leader in the local community. 
to worship
to worship
[فعل]

to show religious devotion and reverence to God, a god, or something considered sacred

يعبد,  يقدس

يعبد, يقدس

Ex: The temple was built for people to worship the goddess. 
ritual
ritual
[اسم]

a religious or formal ceremony consisting of a prescribed series of actions

طقس

طقس

Ex: The archaeologists found evidence of burial rituals at the site. 
sin
sin
[اسم]

an act that violates a religious or moral law

إثم,  خطيئة

إثم, خطيئة

Ex: Many religions distinguish between different kinds of sin. 
faith
faith
[اسم]

strong belief in a particular god or religion

إيمان, عقيدة

إيمان, عقيدة

Ex: She found comfort in her religious faith. 
divine
divine
[صفة]

coming from, connected with, or relating to God or a god

Ex: The ceremony celebrated what participants regarded as a divine gift. 
Devil
Devil
[اسم]

the supreme evil spirit believed to oppose God and tempt people to do wrong

Ex: In the legend, the man makes a bargain with the Devil. 
Islam
Islam
[اسم]

the religion of the Muslims, which was established by Muhammad whose holy book is called the Quran

الإسلام

الإسلام

Ex: Islam teaches compassion, charity, and justice as fundamental values in daily life. 

الإسلام يعلم الرحمة والصدقة والعدالة كقيم أساسية في الحياة اليومية.

Muslim
Muslim
[اسم]

a person who follows the religion of Islam

مسلم

مسلم

Ex: He grew up a Muslim. 
Quran
Quran
[اسم]

the holy book of Islam, believed by Muslims to be the word of God

القرآن, الكتاب المقدس للإسلام

القرآن, الكتاب المقدس للإسلام

Ex: Many Muslims memorize verses from the Quran as part of their religious education. 

يحفظ العديد من المسلمين آيات من القرآن كجزء من تعليمهم الديني.

Buddhism
Buddhism
[اسم]

an Indian religion based on the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama, whose followers worship in temples

البوذية, الدين البوذي

البوذية, الدين البوذي

Ex: Buddhism has a rich history of art and architecture, including famous statues of the Buddha. 

يتمتع البوذية بتاريخ غني بالفن والعمارة، بما في ذلك تماثيل بوذا الشهيرة.

Hinduism
Hinduism
[اسم]

a major religion in South Asia, Sri Lanka, and Nepal, involving the worship of many gods

الهندوسية, الهندوسية

الهندوسية, الهندوسية

Ex: Stories from Hinduism are told in ancient texts like the Vedas. 

تُحكى قصص من الهندوسية في نصوص قديمة مثل الفيدا.

enlightenment

(in Buddhism and Hinduism) a transcendent state of spiritual realization, liberation from the cycle of reincarnation, characterized by the cessation of desire, suffering, and individual consciousness

التنوير, اليقظة

التنوير, اليقظة

Ex: The teachings guide followers toward enlightenment. 

التعاليم توجه الأتباع نحو التنوير.

Judaism
Judaism
[اسم]

the religion of Jewish people that is monotheistic

اليهودية, دين اليهود

اليهودية, دين اليهود

Ex: The Torah is a key text in Judaism. 

التوراة هي نص رئيسي في اليهودية.

to convert
to convert
[فعل]

to change one's religious beliefs to a different one

يُحَوِّل, يغير الدين

يُحَوِّل, يغير الدين

Ex: Ahmed's study of Islamic philosophy and theology inspired him to convert to Islam. 
carnival
carnival
[اسم]

a festival happening annually that involves dancing, music and colorful clothes

كرنفال, مهرجان

كرنفال, مهرجان

Ex: The streets were filled with music and dancing during the carnival. 

امتلأت الشوارع بالموسيقى والرقص خلال الكارنفال.

to sacrifice
to sacrifice
[فعل]

to kill a person or animal and offer them to a deity as part of a religious ritual

يضحي,  يقدم قربانًا

يضحي, يقدم قربانًا

Ex: The goat was sacrificed during the traditional ritual. 
cult
cult
[اسم]

a group of people with extreme religious views who are separate from any established religion

طائفة, عبادة

طائفة, عبادة

Ex: After leaving the cult, she sought counseling to recover from the psychological impact of her experience. 
to commemorate

to recall and show respect for an important person, event, etc. from the past with an action or in a ceremony

إحياء ذكرى, تخليد

إحياء ذكرى, تخليد

Ex: The festival was held to commemorate the region’s rich cultural heritage. 

أقيم المهرجان لإحياء ذكرى التراث الثقافي الغني للمنطقة.

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