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Необходимый Словарный Запас для TOEFL - Религия

Здесь вы узнаете некоторые английские слова о религии, такие как "храм", "святыня", "душа" и т.д., которые необходимы для экзамена TOEFL.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
abbey
abbey
[существительное]

a church with buildings connected to it in which a group of monks or nuns live or used to live

монастырь

монастырь

Ex: We visited the abbey during our vacation, marveling at its breathtaking architecture and tranquil surroundings. 
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temple
temple
[существительное]

a building used for worshiping one or several gods, used by some religious communities, especially Buddhists and Hindus

храм

храм

Ex: They visited the ancient temple to offer prayers and seek blessings. 
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mosque
mosque
[существительное]

a place of worship, used by Muslims

мечеть

мечеть

Ex: The minaret of the mosque towered over the city skyline, calling the faithful to prayer. 
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shrine
shrine
[существительное]

a place or building for people to pray in, which is considered holy by many due to its connection with a sacred person, event, or object

святилище, святыня

святилище, святыня

Ex: Pilgrims from around the world visit the shrine to pay their respects and seek blessings. 
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monastery
monastery
[существительное]

a building where a group of monks live and pray

монастырь

монастырь

Ex: The monastery nestled in the mountains provided a serene environment for meditation and prayer. 
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believer
believer
[существительное]

a person who has faith in a god or follows a particular religion

верующий

верующий

Ex: She is a strong believer in God. 
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Christianity
Christianity
[существительное]

the Abrahamic religion based on the teachings of Jesus of Nazareth, the followers of which regard the Bible as sacred

христианство

христианство

Ex: Christianity is one of the largest religions in the world, with diverse denominations and beliefs. 
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Catholic
Catholic
[прилагательное]

related to or belonging to the Western branch of the Christian Church that is led by the Pope

Католик

Католик

Ex: She attends Mass every Sunday at her local Catholic church. 
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Protestant
Protestant
[прилагательное]

related to or belonging to the Western branch of the Christian Church, distinct from the Roman Catholic Church

Протестантский

Протестантский

Ex: The Protestant church down the street hosts weekly services on Sundays. 
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Christ
Christ
[существительное]

the man based on whose teachings Christianity is established

Христос

Христос

Ex: Christians believe that Christ died for the sins of humanity and rose from the dead. 
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Bible
Bible
[существительное]

the holy book of Christianity that consists of the Old Testament and the New Testament

библия

библия

Ex: Many people turn to the Bible for comfort and guidance in their lives. 
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bishop
bishop
[существительное]

a high-ranking priest who supervises all the churches and priests in a city

епископ

епископ

Ex: The bishop presided over the ordination ceremony for the new priests in the diocese. 
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father
father
[существительное]

a title used for Christian priests, especially in certain traditions

отец

отец

Ex: Father Thomas conducted the Sunday service. 
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Saint
Saint
[существительное]

someone who, after their death, is officially recognized by the Christian Church as a very holy person

святой

святой

Ex: Saint Francis of Assisi is known for his love of animals and nature. 
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monk
monk
[существительное]

a member of a male religious group that lives in a monastery

монах

монах

Ex: The monk spent his days in prayer and contemplation within the monastery walls. 
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nun
nun
[существительное]

a member of a female religious group that lives in a convent

монахиня, монашка

монахиня, монашка

Ex: The nun devoted her life to prayer and service within the convent. 
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to preach
to preach
[глагол]

to give a religious speech, particularly in a church

проповедовать

проповедовать

Ex: Every Sunday, the pastor preaches sermons to the congregation, sharing biblical wisdom. 
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soul
soul
[существительное]

the spiritual part of a person that is believed to be the essence of life in them

душа

душа

Ex: Many cultures believe that the soul continues to exist after the death of the body. 
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heaven
heaven
[существительное]

the realm of God and angels where the believers are promised to reside

рай

рай

Ex: The concept of heaven offers comfort to those grieving the loss of loved ones. 
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hell
hell
[существительное]

(in Christianity) the dwelling place of Satan and his forces, where sinners suffer eternal punishment

ад

ад

Ex: The scripture teaches that hell is eternal for the wicked. 
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spiritual
spiritual
[прилагательное]

relating to sacred matters such as religion, church, etc.

духовный

духовный

Ex: She found solace in spiritual practices like meditation and prayer. 
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to worship
to worship
[глагол]

to respect and honor God or a deity, especially by performing rituals

поклоняться

поклоняться

Ex: During the festival, devotees gather at the temple to worship the deity with offerings of flowers, incense, and fruits. 
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ritual
ritual
[существительное]

the act of conducting a series of fixed actions, particular to a religious ceremony

обряд

обряд

Ex: The priest performed the ritual of sprinkling holy water during the baptism. 
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sin
sin
[существительное]

any act that goes against the law of God

грех

грех

Ex: Many religious teachings provide guidelines to avoid committing sin. 
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faith
faith
[существительное]

strong belief in a particular god or religion

доверие

доверие

Ex: His unwavering faith in God gave him strength during difficult times. 
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divine
divine
[прилагательное]

originating from, relating to, or associated with God or a god

божественный

божественный

Ex: The ancient Greeks believed in divine beings residing on Mount Olympus. 
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devil
devil
[существительное]

the spirit that opposes God and tempts people to do wrong

дьявол

дьявол

Ex: In many religions, the devil is considered the embodiment of evil and temptation. 
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Islam
Islam
[существительное]

the religion of the Muslims, which was established by Muhammad whose holy book is called the Quran

Ислам

Ислам

Ex: Islam is one of the world's major religions, with millions of followers around the globe. 
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Muslim
Muslim
[существительное]

a person who believes in Islam

мусульманин, мусульманка

мусульманин, мусульманка

Ex: As a Muslim, she observes daily prayers and fasting during Ramadan. 
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Quran
Quran
[существительное]

the holy book of Islam, believed by Muslims to be the word of God

Коран

Коран

Ex: He reads the Quran every evening. 
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Buddhism
Buddhism
[существительное]

an Indian religion based on the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama, whose followers worship in temples

буддизм

буддизм

Ex: Buddhism teaches the Four Noble Truths as a fundamental part of its doctrine. 
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Hinduism
Hinduism
[существительное]

a major religion in South Asia, Sri Lanka, and Nepal, involving the worship of many gods

индуизм

индуизм

Ex: Hinduism teaches respect for all living beings. 
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enlightenment
enlightenment
[существительное]

(in Buddhism and Hinduism) a transcendent state of spiritual realization, liberation from the cycle of reincarnation, characterized by the cessation of desire, suffering, and individual consciousness

просветление

просветление

Ex: The monk achieved enlightenment after years of meditation. 
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Judaism
Judaism
[существительное]

the religion of Jewish people that is monotheistic

иудаизм

иудаизм

Ex: Judaism teaches the worship of one God. 
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to convert
to convert
[глагол]

to change one's religious beliefs to a different one

обращаться

обращаться

Ex: After years of soul-searching, Sarah decided to convert to Buddhism. 
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carnival
carnival
[существительное]

a festival happening annually that involves dancing, music and colorful clothes

карнавал

карнавал

Ex: The Rio Carnival in Brazil is the largest carnival in the world. 
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to sacrifice
to sacrifice
[глагол]

to kill an animal or person as a religious act

жертвовать

жертвовать

Ex: The ancient Mayans would sacrifice animals to their gods during important rituals. 
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cult
cult
[существительное]

a group of people with extreme religious views who are separate from any established religion

культ

культ

Ex: The authorities investigated allegations of abuse within the cult. 
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to commemorate
to commemorate
[глагол]

to recall and show respect for an important person, event, etc. from the past with an action or in a ceremony

почтить память

почтить память

Ex: The city holds an annual ceremony to commemorate the sacrifices of war veterans. 
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