TOEFLの必須語彙 - コンピューターの世界

the programs that a computer uses to perform specific tasks

ソフトウェア

the physical and electronic parts of a computer or other similar system

ハードウェア

the most fundamental software that manages a computer, cell phone, etc., hardware and provides a platform for running applications

オペレーティングシステム

a small device used for storing data or transferring data between electronic devices

フラッシュドライブ

to add a piece of software to a computer system

インストールする

(computing) the act of inserting information into a computer

入力

to move data or a program from a local storage device into the memory of a computer

ロードする

(computing) to update a display, internet page, etc. and make the most recent information appear

更新する

a computer that gives other computers access to files and information in a network

サーバー

a large structure of data stored in a computer that makes accessing necessary information easier

データベース

an area on a computer where the icons of programs are displayed

デスクトップ

a movable mark on a computer screen that indicates where the user is working

カーソル

to improve a machine, computer system, etc. in terms of efficiency, standards, etc.

アップグレードする

having the ability to work with different devices, machines, etc.

互換性のある

(computing) to suddenly stop working

クラッシュする

(of a computer system) not working temporarily or properly

ダウン

(of computer programs) to function and execute its tasks

実行する

to move what is being displayed on a computer or smartphone screen up or down to see different parts of it

スクロールする

to remove part of a digital text in order to put it elsewhere

切る

an instruction that tells a computer to perform a specific task or function

コマンド

to write a computer program using specific instructions

コードを書く

to use computers to perform a task or do a particular job

コンピュータ化する

to make a copy of computer digital data

バックアップする

a set of actions done on data by a computer to have a certain result

データ処理

a field of science that deals with creating programs able to learn or copy human behavior

人工知能

(computing) a computer program whose task is providing protection against cyber attacks by limiting outside access of data

ファイアウォール

having the ability to protect a system from viruses by finding and destroying them

アンチウイルス

a branch of artificial intelligence where computers learn how to perform specific operations without previous instructions

機械学習

the process of writing a computer program

プログラミング

to handle and work with data by operating on them in a computer

処理する

an artificial environment generated by a computer that makes the user think what they are seeing or hearing is real, by using a special headphone and a helmet that displays the generated environment

バーチャルリアリティ

a specific group of letters, numbers, etc. that one needs to enter in order to access a computer or smartphone

アクセスコード

a piece of software programed to perform a specific task

アプリケーションプログラム

a type of computer memory tasked with temporarily storing data for a quicker access

ランダムアクセスメモリ

someone or something that designs and produces applications, video games, etc.

開発者