Основная лексика для TOEFL - Компьютерный мир

the programs that a computer uses to perform specific tasks

программное обеспечение

the physical and electronic parts of a computer or other similar system

аппаратное обеспечение

the most fundamental software that manages a computer, cell phone, etc., hardware and provides a platform for running applications

операционная система

a small device used for storing data or transferring data between electronic devices

флеш-накопитель

to add a piece of software to a computer system

установить

(computing) the act of inserting information into a computer

ввод

to move data or a program from a local storage device into the memory of a computer

загрузить

(computing) to update a display, internet page, etc. and make the most recent information appear

обновить

a computer that gives other computers access to files and information in a network

сервер

a large structure of data stored in a computer that makes accessing necessary information easier

база данных

an area on a computer where the icons of programs are displayed

рабочий стол

a movable mark on a computer screen that indicates where the user is working

курсор

to improve a machine, computer system, etc. in terms of efficiency, standards, etc.

улучшать

having the ability to work with different devices, machines, etc.

совместимый

(computing) to suddenly stop working

выйти из строя

(of a computer system) not working temporarily or properly

неисправен

(of computer programs) to function and execute its tasks

выполнять

to move what is being displayed on a computer or smartphone screen up or down to see different parts of it

прокручивать

to remove part of a digital text in order to put it elsewhere

вырезать

an instruction that tells a computer to perform a specific task or function

команда

to write a computer program using specific instructions

кодировать

to use computers to perform a task or do a particular job

компьютеризовать

to make a copy of computer digital data

создать резервную копию

a set of actions done on data by a computer to have a certain result

обработка данных

a field of science that deals with creating programs able to learn or copy human behavior

искусственный интеллект

(computing) a computer program whose task is providing protection against cyber attacks by limiting outside access of data

межсетевой экран

having the ability to protect a system from viruses by finding and destroying them

антивирусный

a branch of artificial intelligence where computers learn how to perform specific operations without previous instructions

машинное обучение

the process of writing a computer program

программирование

to handle and work with data by operating on them in a computer

обрабатывать

an artificial environment generated by a computer that makes the user think what they are seeing or hearing is real, by using a special headphone and a helmet that displays the generated environment

виртуальная реальность

a specific group of letters, numbers, etc. that one needs to enter in order to access a computer or smartphone

код доступа

a piece of software programed to perform a specific task

программное приложение

a type of computer memory tasked with temporarily storing data for a quicker access

оперативная память

someone or something that designs and produces applications, video games, etc.

разработчик