托福必备词汇 - 计算机世界

the programs that a computer uses to perform specific tasks

软件

the physical and electronic parts of a computer or other similar system

硬件, 设备

the most fundamental software that manages a computer, cell phone, etc., hardware and provides a platform for running applications

操作系统, 操作系统（OS）

a small device used for storing data or transferring data between electronic devices

闪存驱动器, 优盘

to add a piece of software to a computer system

安装, 设置

(computing) the act of inserting information into a computer

输入, 输入信息

to move data or a program from a local storage device into the memory of a computer

加载, 导入

(computing) to update a display, internet page, etc. and make the most recent information appear

刷新, 更新

a computer that gives other computers access to files and information in a network

服务器

a large structure of data stored in a computer that makes accessing necessary information easier

数据库, 数据存储系统

an area on a computer where the icons of programs are displayed

桌面, 桌面环境

a movable mark on a computer screen that indicates where the user is working

光标

to improve a machine, computer system, etc. in terms of efficiency, standards, etc.

升级, 改善

having the ability to work with different devices, machines, etc.

兼容的, 相容的

(computing) to suddenly stop working

崩溃, 停止工作

(of a computer system) not working temporarily or properly

无法访问, 故障中

(of computer programs) to function and execute its tasks

运行, 执行

to move what is being displayed on a computer or smartphone screen up or down to see different parts of it

滚动, 滑动

to remove part of a digital text in order to put it elsewhere

剪切, 移除

an instruction that tells a computer to perform a specific task or function

命令, 指令

to write a computer program using specific instructions

编码, 编程

to use computers to perform a task or do a particular job

计算机化, 数字化

to make a copy of computer digital data

备份, 做备份

a set of actions done on data by a computer to have a certain result

数据处理, 资料处理

a field of science that deals with creating programs able to learn or copy human behavior

人工智能, AI

(computing) a computer program whose task is providing protection against cyber attacks by limiting outside access of data

防火墙, 火墙

having the ability to protect a system from viruses by finding and destroying them

防病毒的, 抗病毒的

a branch of artificial intelligence where computers learn how to perform specific operations without previous instructions

机器学习, 机器学习

the process of writing a computer program

编程

to handle and work with data by operating on them in a computer

处理, 对数据进行处理

an artificial environment generated by a computer that makes the user think what they are seeing or hearing is real, by using a special headphone and a helmet that displays the generated environment

虚拟现实, 虚拟性

a specific group of letters, numbers, etc. that one needs to enter in order to access a computer or smartphone

访问密码, 密码

a piece of software programed to perform a specific task

应用程序, 应用软件

a type of computer memory tasked with temporarily storing data for a quicker access

随机存取存储器, RAM

a person or company that designs and produces applications, video games, etc.

开发者, 女开发者