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Mahalagang Bokabularyo para sa TOEFL - Ang Mundo ng Computer

Dito matututunan mo ang ilang mga salitang Ingles tungkol sa mundo ng computer, tulad ng "hardware", "input", "crash", atbp. na kailangan para sa pagsusulit na TOEFL.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
software
[Pangngalan]

the programs that a computer uses to perform specific tasks

software

software

Ex: He uses accounting software to keep track of his business finances .Gumagamit siya ng accounting **software** para subaybayan ang pananalapi ng kanyang negosyo.
hardware
[Pangngalan]

the physical and electronic parts of a computer or other similar system

hardware, mga pisikal na bahagi

hardware, mga pisikal na bahagi

Ex: He opened the computer case to examine the hardware inside .Binuksan niya ang computer case upang suriin ang **hardware** sa loob.
operating system
[Pangngalan]

the most fundamental software that manages a computer, cell phone, etc., hardware and provides a platform for running applications

sistema ng pagpapatakbo, OS

sistema ng pagpapatakbo, OS

Ex: He switched from a Linux operating system to a Windows one .Lumipat siya mula sa **operating system** na Linux patungong Windows.
flash drive
[Pangngalan]

a small device used for storing data or transferring data between electronic devices

flash drive, USB

flash drive, USB

Ex: The IT department distributed flash drives to employees for backing up their work files and documents .Ang departamento ng IT ay namahagi ng **flash drive** sa mga empleyado para sa pag-backup ng kanilang mga work file at dokumento.
to install
[Pandiwa]

to add a piece of software to a computer system

i-install, maglagay

i-install, maglagay

Ex: The technician will install specialized accounting software to streamline financial processes .Ang technician ay **mag-i-install** ng specialized accounting software para gawing mas madali ang mga financial process.
input
[Pangngalan]

(computing) the act of inserting information into a computer

input, pagpasok ng datos

input, pagpasok ng datos

Ex: The programmer gave input to the application by writing code that defines its behavior and functionality .Ang programmer ay nagbigay ng **input** sa application sa pamamagitan ng pagsusulat ng code na tumutukoy sa pag-uugali at functionality nito.
to load
[Pandiwa]

to move data or a program from a local storage device into the memory of a computer

mag-load, ilipat

mag-load, ilipat

Ex: The graphic designer will load high-resolution images into the design software for a print project .Ang graphic designer ay **maglo-load** ng mga high-resolution na imahe sa design software para sa isang print project.
to refresh
[Pandiwa]

(computing) to update a display, internet page, etc. and make the most recent information appear

i-refresh, baguhin

i-refresh, baguhin

Ex: Press F5 to refresh the page and view the updated results .Pindutin ang F5 para **i-refresh** ang pahina at makita ang mga na-update na resulta.
server
[Pangngalan]

a computer that gives other computers access to files and information in a network

serbidor

serbidor

Ex: IT upgraded the server to handle more user traffic .
database
[Pangngalan]

a large structure of data stored in a computer that makes accessing necessary information easier

database, bangko ng datos

database, bangko ng datos

Ex: The research project used a database to store and analyze large sets of experimental data , facilitating data-driven conclusions .Ang proyekto ng pananaliksik ay gumamit ng isang **database** upang mag-imbak at mag-analisa ng malalaking hanay ng eksperimental na data, na nagpapadali sa mga konklusyon na batay sa data.
desktop
[Pangngalan]

an area on a computer where the icons of programs are displayed

desktop, pangunahing screen

desktop, pangunahing screen

Ex: His desktop was cluttered with too many icons .Ang kanyang **desktop** ay magulo dahil sa napakaraming icon.
cursor
[Pangngalan]

a movable mark on a computer screen that indicates where the user is working

cursor, pointer

cursor, pointer

Ex: You can change the appearance of the cursor in the system settings .Maaari mong baguhin ang hitsura ng **cursor** sa system settings.
to upgrade
[Pandiwa]

to improve a machine, computer system, etc. in terms of efficiency, standards, etc.

pagbutihin, i-upgrade

pagbutihin, i-upgrade

Ex: The team has upgraded the website to improve user experience .Ang koponan ay **nag-upgrade** sa website upang mapabuti ang karanasan ng gumagamit.
compatible
[pang-uri]

having the ability to work with different devices, machines, etc.

katugma

katugma

Ex: The new software update ensures that files created in the latest version are compatible with older versions of the program .Tinitiyak ng bagong update ng software na ang mga file na ginawa sa pinakabagong bersyon ay **katugma** sa mga mas lumang bersyon ng programa.
to crash
[Pandiwa]

(computing) to suddenly stop working

mag-crash, mag-hang

mag-crash, mag-hang

Ex: The website crashed under heavy traffic from a popular event , making it inaccessible to users .Ang website ay **nag-crash** sa ilalim ng mabigat na trapiko mula sa isang popular na kaganapan, na ginagawa itong hindi ma-access ng mga user.
down
[pang-uri]

(of a computer system) not working temporarily or properly

hindi gumagana, naka-down

hindi gumagana, naka-down

Ex: The cloud storage service was down, temporarily restricting access to stored files and documents.Ang cloud storage service ay **hindi gumagana**, pansamantalang nagbabawal sa pag-access sa mga naka-imbak na file at dokumento.
to run
[Pandiwa]

(of computer programs) to function and execute its tasks

tumakbo, isagawa

tumakbo, isagawa

Ex: As soon as you open the file , the program runs and displays the content without any delays .Sa sandaling buksan mo ang file, ang programa ay **tumatakbo** at ipinapakita ang nilalaman nang walang anumang pagkaantala.
to scroll
[Pandiwa]

to move what is being displayed on a computer or smartphone screen up or down to see different parts of it

mag-scroll, i-scroll

mag-scroll, i-scroll

Ex: She scrolled through her social media feed to catch up on the latest news .**Nag-scroll** siya sa kanyang social media feed para malaman ang pinakabagong balita.
to cut
[Pandiwa]

to remove part of a digital text in order to put it elsewhere

putulin, gupitin

putulin, gupitin

Ex: The student cut unnecessary details from the report to keep it within the word limit .**Pinutol** ng estudyante ang hindi kailangang mga detalye mula sa ulat upang manatili ito sa loob ng limitasyon ng salita.
command
[Pangngalan]

an instruction that tells a computer to perform a specific task or function

utos, instruksyon

utos, instruksyon

Ex: The command line allows you to access advanced features.Ang **command** line ay nagbibigay-daan sa iyo na ma-access ang mga advanced na feature.
to code
[Pandiwa]

to write a computer program using specific instructions

mag-code, mag-programa

mag-code, mag-programa

Ex: The team coded a database management system to organize information efficiently .Ang koponan ay **nag-code** ng isang sistema ng pamamahala ng database upang ayusin nang mahusay ang impormasyon.

to use computers to perform a task or do a particular job

i-computerize, gamitin ang mga computer

i-computerize, gamitin ang mga computer

Ex: The restaurant has computerized its ordering system to speed up service and reduce wait times .Ang restawran ay **nag-computerize** ng sistema ng pag-order nito upang mapabilis ang serbisyo at mabawasan ang oras ng paghihintay.
to back up
[Pandiwa]

to make a copy of computer digital data

mag-back up, gumawa ng kopya ng backup

mag-back up, gumawa ng kopya ng backup

Ex: Remember to back up your important files regularly .Tandaan na **i-back up** ang iyong mahahalagang file nang regular.
data processing
[Pangngalan]

a set of actions done on data by a computer to have a certain result

pagsasagawa ng datos

pagsasagawa ng datos

Ex: The course covers various techniques and methods used in data processing to prepare students for careers in data analytics and information management .Saklaw ng kurso ang iba't ibang mga pamamaraan at pamamaraan na ginagamit sa **paggawa ng datos** upang ihanda ang mga mag-aaral para sa mga karera sa pagsusuri ng datos at pamamahala ng impormasyon.

a field of science that deals with creating programs able to learn or copy human behavior

artipisyal na katalinuhan, AI

artipisyal na katalinuhan, AI

Ex: AI systems learn from large datasets to improve their performance.Ang mga sistema ng **artipisyal na intelihensiya** ay natututo mula sa malalaking dataset upang mapabuti ang kanilang pagganap.
firewall
[Pangngalan]

(computing) a computer program whose task is providing protection against cyber attacks by limiting outside access of data

firewall, pader ng apoy

firewall, pader ng apoy

Ex: During the network upgrade , the team tested the new firewall to ensure it effectively protected against potential attacks .Sa panahon ng pag-upgrade ng network, sinubukan ng koponan ang bagong **firewall** upang matiyak na epektibo itong nagpoprotekta laban sa mga posibleng atake.
antivirus
[pang-uri]

having the ability to protect a system from viruses by finding and destroying them

antivirus

antivirus

Ex: The IT department installed antivirus software on all company computers to prevent malware infections.Ang departamento ng IT ay nag-install ng **antivirus** na software sa lahat ng mga computer ng kumpanya upang maiwasan ang mga impeksyon sa malware.
machine learning
[Pangngalan]

a branch of artificial intelligence where computers learn how to perform specific operations without previous instructions

pag-aaral ng makina, machine learning

pag-aaral ng makina, machine learning

programming
[Pangngalan]

the process of writing a computer program

programming

programming

Ex: The open-source community contributed to programming projects , sharing code and improving software collaboratively .Ang open-source community ay nag-ambag sa mga proyekto ng **programming**, pagbabahagi ng code at pagpapabuti ng software nang sama-sama.
to process
[Pandiwa]

to handle and work with data by operating on them in a computer

proseso, manipulahin

proseso, manipulahin

Ex: The speech recognition software processed the audio input , converting spoken words into text .Ang speech recognition software ay **nagproseso** ng audio input, nagko-convert ng mga sinasalitang salita sa teksto.
virtual reality
[Pangngalan]

an artificial environment generated by a computer that makes the user think what they are seeing or hearing is real, by using a special headphone and a helmet that displays the generated environment

virtual na katotohanan, virtual na mundo

virtual na katotohanan, virtual na mundo

Ex: Engineers use virtual reality to visualize their designs .Ginagamit ng mga inhinyero ang **virtual reality** upang mailarawan ang kanilang mga disenyo.
passcode
[Pangngalan]

a specific group of letters, numbers, etc. that one needs to enter in order to access a computer or smartphone

kodigo ng pagpasok, password

kodigo ng pagpasok, password

Ex: She forgot her passcode and had to reset it to regain access to her tablet .Nakalimutan niya ang kanyang **passcode** at kailangan niyang i-reset ito para maibalik ang access sa kanyang tablet.
application
[Pangngalan]

a computer program designed to perform a specific task for a user

aplikasyon, programa

aplikasyon, programa

Ex: That application isn't compatible with older systems.Ang **application** na iyon ay hindi katugma sa mga lumang sistema.

a type of computer memory tasked with temporarily storing data for a quicker access

random-access memory, RAM

random-access memory, RAM

Ex: Graphic designers benefit from ample RAM to work with large image files and render complex visual effects.Nakikinabang ang mga graphic designer sa malaking **random-access memory** (RAM) upang magtrabaho sa malalaking image file at i-render ang mga kumplikadong visual effect.
developer
[Pangngalan]

a person or company that designs and produces applications, video games, etc.

developer, tagalikha

developer, tagalikha

Ex: The company hired a team of developers for their new platform .Ang kumpanya ay umupa ng isang pangkat ng mga **developer** para sa kanilang bagong platform.
Mahalagang Bokabularyo para sa TOEFL
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