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Vocabulario Esencial para el TOEFL - El Mundo de la Informática

Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés sobre el mundo de la informática, como "hardware", "input", "crash", etc. que se necesitan para el examen TOEFL.

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Revisión

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Tarjetas de memoria

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Ortografía

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Cuestionario

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
software
[Sustantivo]

the programs that a computer uses to perform specific tasks

software

software

Ex: He uses software to keep track of his business finances .
hardware
[Sustantivo]

the physical and electronic parts of a computer or other similar system

hardware

hardware

Ex: He opened the computer case to examine hardware inside .
operating system
[Sustantivo]

the most fundamental software that manages a computer, cell phone, etc., hardware and provides a platform for running applications

sistema operativo

sistema operativo

Ex: He switched from a operating system to a Windows one .
flash drive
[Sustantivo]

a small device used for storing data or transferring data between electronic devices

memoria flash, memoria USB

memoria flash, memoria USB

Ex: The IT department flash drives to employees for backing up their work files and documents .
to install
[Verbo]

to add a piece of software to a computer system

instalar

instalar

Ex: The technician install specialized accounting software to streamline financial processes .
input
[Sustantivo]

(computing) the act of inserting information into a computer

entrar

entrar

Ex: The programmer input to the application by writing code that defines its behavior and functionality .
to load
[Verbo]

to move data or a program from a local storage device into the memory of a computer

cargar

cargar

Ex: The graphic designer load high-resolution images into the design software for a print project .
to refresh
[Verbo]

(computing) to update a display, internet page, etc. and make the most recent information appear

actualizar

actualizar

Ex: Press F5 refresh the page and view the updated results .
server
[Sustantivo]

a computer that gives other computers access to files and information in a network

servidor

servidor

database
[Sustantivo]

a large structure of data stored in a computer that makes accessing necessary information easier

base de datos

base de datos

Ex: The research project used database to store and analyze large sets of experimental data , facilitating data-driven conclusions .
desktop
[Sustantivo]

an area on a computer where the icons of programs are displayed

escritorio

escritorio

Ex: desktop was cluttered with too many icons .
cursor
[Sustantivo]

a movable mark on a computer screen that indicates where the user is working

cursor

cursor

Ex: You can change the appearance of cursor in the system settings .
to upgrade
[Verbo]

to improve a machine, computer system, etc. in terms of efficiency, standards, etc.

actualizar

actualizar

Ex: The team upgraded the website to improve user experience .
compatible
[Adjetivo]

having the ability to work with different devices, machines, etc.

compatible

compatible

Ex: The new software update ensures that files created in the latest version compatible with older versions of the program .
to crash
[Verbo]

(computing) to suddenly stop working

bloquearse

bloquearse

Ex: The crashed under heavy traffic from a popular event , making it inaccessible to users .
down
[Adjetivo]

(of a computer system) not working temporarily or properly

fuera de servicio

fuera de servicio

Ex: The cloud storage service was down, temporarily restricting access to stored files and documents.
to run
[Verbo]

(of computer programs) to function and execute its tasks

ejecutar

ejecutar

Ex: As soon as you open the file , the runs and displays the content without any delays .
to scroll
[Verbo]

to move what is being displayed on a computer or smartphone screen up or down to see different parts of it

desplazar

desplazar

Ex: scrolled through her social media feed to catch up on the latest news .
to cut
[Verbo]

to remove part of a digital text in order to put it elsewhere

cortar, suprimir

cortar, suprimir

Ex: The cut unnecessary details from the report to keep it within the word limit .
command
[Sustantivo]

an instruction that tells a computer to perform a specific task or function

comando

comando

Ex: The command line allows you to access advanced features.
to code
[Verbo]

to write a computer program using specific instructions

programar, codificar

programar, codificar

Ex: The coded a database management system to organize information efficiently .

to use computers to perform a task or do a particular job

informatizar

informatizar

Ex: The restaurant computerized its ordering system to speed up service and reduce wait times .
to back up
[Verbo]

to make a copy of computer digital data

hacer una copia de seguridad

hacer una copia de seguridad

Ex: Remember back up your important files regularly .
data processing
[Sustantivo]

a set of actions done on data by a computer to have a certain result

procesamiento de datos

procesamiento de datos

Ex: The course covers various techniques and methods used data processing to prepare students for careers in data analytics and information management .

a field of science that deals with creating programs able to learn or copy human behavior

inteligencia artificial

inteligencia artificial

Ex: AI systems learn from large datasets to improve their performance.
firewall
[Sustantivo]

(computing) a computer program whose task is providing protection against cyber attacks by limiting outside access of data

cortafuegos, firewall

cortafuegos, firewall

Ex: During the network upgrade , the team tested the firewall to ensure it effectively protected against potential attacks .
antivirus
[Adjetivo]

having the ability to protect a system from viruses by finding and destroying them

antivirus

antivirus

Ex: The IT department installed antivirus software on all company computers to prevent malware infections.
machine learning
[Sustantivo]

a branch of artificial intelligence where computers learn how to perform specific operations without previous instructions

aprendizaje automático

aprendizaje automático

programming
[Sustantivo]

the process of writing a computer program

programación

programación

Ex: The open-source community contributed programming projects , sharing code and improving software collaboratively .
to process
[Verbo]

to handle and work with data by operating on them in a computer

procesar

procesar

Ex: The speech recognition processed the audio input , converting spoken words into text .
virtual reality
[Sustantivo]

an artificial environment generated by a computer that makes the user think what they are seeing or hearing is real, by using a special headphone and a helmet that displays the generated environment

realidad virtual

realidad virtual

Ex: Engineers virtual reality to visualize their designs .
passcode
[Sustantivo]

a specific group of letters, numbers, etc. that one needs to enter in order to access a computer or smartphone

contraseña

contraseña

Ex: She forgot passcode and had to reset it to regain access to her tablet .
application
[Sustantivo]

a computer program designed to perform a specific task for a user

Ex: That application isn't compatible with older systems.

a type of computer memory tasked with temporarily storing data for a quicker access

RAM

RAM

Ex: Graphic designers benefit from ample RAM to work with large image files and render complex visual effects.
developer
[Sustantivo]

a person or company that designs and produces applications, video games, etc.

desarrollador

desarrollador

Ex: The company hired a team developers for their new platform .
Vocabulario Esencial para el TOEFL
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