Zaawansowane Słownictwo do TOEFL - Society
Tutaj nauczysz się niektórych angielskich słów o społeczeństwie, takich jak "szlachetność", "obywatelski", "etniczny" itp., które są potrzebne do egzaminu TOEFL.
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the scientific study of human society, its nature, structure, and development, as well as social behavior

socjologia, naukowe badanie społeczeństwa ludzkiego
the study of the origins and developments of the human race and its societies and cultures

antropologia
a group of people with similar social standing, education, or income

warstwa, strata
a social group made up of people who hold the highest social position and are usually quite wealthy

klasa wyższa, wyższe sfery
the social class between the upper and lower classes that includes professional and business people

klasa średnia, burżuazja
the social class consisting of people with the lowest position in society and the least money

klasa niższa, niższa klasa
wealth that has been inherited and not earned

stare pieniądze, odziedziczone pieniądze
the class of people with the highest social or political ranks and titles

szlachta, arystokracja
the society's middle class

burżuazja
a system that divides the people of a society into different social classes based on their wealth, privilage, or profession

kasta, system kastowy
someone who believes that a particular group of people, especially one determined by sex, religion, or race, is better than other groups and should dominate them

suprematysta, zwolennik supremacji
someone who is in a position of power, especially in the past

zwierzchnik, władca
someone with an inferior position than another person within an organization

podwładny, niższy rangą
the belief that cultural diversity within a society should be respected

wielokulturowość
relating to the activities or duties of individuals concerning their town, city, or local area

obywatelski, miejski
the statistical characteristics of a population, such as age, gender, and ethnicity

demograficzny, cechy demograficzne
an implicit agreement among citizens about collaboration in a way that benefits everyone in the society

umowa społeczna, kontrakt społeczny
involving, done, or shared by all members of a group

zbiorowy, wspólny
any remark, comment, act, or statement that consciously or unconsciously expresses prejudice or discrimination against a group or member of society

mikroagresja, mikro-agresja
relating to a group of people with shared culture, tradition, history, language, etc.

etniczny
referring to people with light or white skin, typically of European origin

kaukaski, biały
a method of gender classification that categorizes all people into either male or female

binarność płciowa, binarny system płci
the qualities or attributes that are considered to be typical of or suitable for men

męskość
the qualities or attributes that are considered to be typical of or suitable for women

kobiecość, cechy kobiece
a person's perception of their own gender, which may differ from the gender they were identified with at birth

tożsamość płciowa
(of a person) having a sexual or romantic attraction to people of the same gender

homoseksualny
(of a person) having a sexual or romantic attraction to people of the opposite gender

heteroseksualny, hetero
(of a person) having a sexual attraction to people of both their own gender and other genders

biseksualny
related to someone whose gender identity does not fit in the traditional binary categories of male or female

niebinarny
(of a person) having no sexual interests or not experiencing any sexual attraction

aseksualny
related to or describing a person whose sense of gender matches their biological sex

cisgender, osoba cisgender
someone who enjoys wearing clothes that are usually worn by the opposite sex

transwestyta, osoba lubiąca nosić ubrania zwykle noszone przez przeciwną płeć
describing or relating to someone whose gender identity does not correspond with their birth sex

transgender, transseksualny
describing or relating to a transgender person, especially one whose bodily traits have been modified through a surgical operation or hormone therapy to align them with their gender identity

transseksualny, transgenderyczny
relating to someone whose gender identity is unstable and can change over time

gender-fluid, płynny pod względem płci
a person of the same age, social status, or capability as another specified individual

rówieśnik, równy
lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer or questioning

LGBTQ, lesbijki
the state of having the sex organs or other sexual features of both genders

interpłciowość, hermafrodytyzm
related to a person who is sexually and emotionally attracted to people regardless of their gender or sex

panseksualny, panseksualna
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