واژگان سطح پیشرفته برای TOEFL - Society

the scientific study of human society, its nature, structure, and development, as well as social behavior

جامعه‌شناسی

the study of the origins and developments of the human race and its societies and cultures

انسان‌شناسی, آنتروپولوژی

a group of people with similar social standing, education, or income

قشر (جامعه‌شناسی), طبقه اجتماعی

a social group made up of people who hold the highest social position and are usually quite wealthy

طبقه فرادست, قشر پولدار

the social class between the upper and lower classes that includes professional and business people

طبقه‌ متوسط, قشر متوسط

the social class consisting of people with the lowest position in society and the least money

طبقه فرودست, قشر آسیب‌پذیر جامعه

wealth that has been inherited and not earned

ارثیه, ثروت و پول به ارث رسیده

the class of people with the highest social or political ranks and titles

طبقه اشراف, اشرافیون

the society's middle class

بورژوازی

a form of social classification in Hinduism, characterized by social status and relative degrees of ritual purity or pollution

کاست (هندوئیسم)

someone who believes that a particular group of people, especially one determined by sex, religion, or race, is better than other groups and should dominate them

برتری‌گرا, نژادپرست، خودبرتربین

someone who is in a position of power, especially in the past

مافوق, ارباب

someone with an inferior position than another person within an organization

زیردست

the belief that cultural diversity within a society should be respected

چندگانگی فرهنگی, چندفرهنگی‌گرایی

relating to the activities or duties of individuals concerning their town, city, or local area

مدنی

the statistical characteristics of a population, such as age, gender, and ethnicity

جامعه آماری, جمعیت آماری

an implicit agreement among citizens about collaboration in a way that benefits everyone in the society

قرارداد اجتماعی

involving, done, or shared by all members of a group

جمعی, همگانی

any remark, comment, act, or statement that consciously or unconsciously expresses prejudice or discrimination against a group or member of society

ریزپرخاشگری

relating to a group of people with shared culture, tradition, history, language, etc.

قومی, نژادی

referring to people with light or white skin, typically of European origin

سفیدپوست اروپایی

a method of gender classification that categorizes all people into either male or female

باینری جنسیت

the qualities or attributes that are considered to be typical of or suitable for men

مردانگی

the qualities or attributes that are considered to be typical of or suitable for women

زنانگی

a person's perception of their own gender, which may differ from the gender they were identified with at birth

هویت جنسی

(of a person) having a sexual or romantic attraction to people of the same gender

هم‌جنس‌گرا

(of a person) having a sexual or romantic attraction to people of the opposite gender

دگرجنس‌گرا

(of a person) having a sexual attraction to people of both their own gender and other genders

دوجنس‌گرا

related to someone whose gender identity does not fit in the traditional binary categories of male or female

نان‌باینری, جنسیت کوییر

(of a person) having no sexual interests or not experiencing any sexual attraction

فاقد میل جنسی, فاقد تمایلات جنسی

related to or describing a person whose sense of gender matches their biological sex

هم‌سوجنسی

someone who enjoys wearing clothes that are usually worn by the opposite sex

دگرجنس‌پوش

describing or relating to someone whose gender identity does not correspond with their birth sex

ترنسجندر

describing or relating to a transgender person, especially one whose bodily traits have been modified through a surgical operation or hormone therapy to align them with their gender identity

تراجنسیتی, ترنس

relating to someone whose gender identity is unstable and can change over time

سیال‌جنسیتی, جنسیت‌متغیر

a person of the same age, social status, or capability as another specified individual

همتا, هم‌تراز

lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer or questioning

ال‌جی‌بی‌تی, دگرباش جنسی

the state of having the sex organs or other sexual features of both genders

بیناجنس, اینترسکس

related to a person who is sexually and emotionally attracted to people regardless of their gender or sex

همه‌جنس‌گرا