Vocabulário Avançado para o TOEFL - Society

the scientific study of human society, its nature, structure, and development, as well as social behavior

sociologia

the study of the origins and developments of the human race and its societies and cultures

antropologia, ciência humana

a group of people with similar social standing, education, or income

estrato, camada social

a social group made up of people who hold the highest social position and are usually quite wealthy

alta sociedade, classe alta

the social class between the upper and lower classes that includes professional and business people

classe média

the social class consisting of people with the lowest position in society and the least money

classe baixa, classe trabalhadora

wealth that has been inherited and not earned

dinheiro velho, riqueza herdada

the class of people with the highest social or political ranks and titles

nobreza

the society's middle class

burguesia, classe média

a form of social classification in Hinduism, characterized by social status and relative degrees of ritual purity or pollution

casta, classe

someone who believes that a particular group of people, especially one determined by sex, religion, or race, is better than other groups and should dominate them

supremacista

someone who is in a position of power, especially in the past

soberano, senhor feudal

someone with an inferior position than another person within an organization

subordinado, subalterno

the belief that cultural diversity within a society should be respected

multiculturalismo, pluralismo cultural

relating to the activities or duties of individuals concerning their town, city, or local area

cívico, municipal

the statistical characteristics of a population, such as age, gender, and ethnicity

demográfico, grupo demográfico

an implicit agreement among citizens about collaboration in a way that benefits everyone in the society

contrato social, acordo social

involving, done, or shared by all members of a group

coletivo, coletiva

any remark, comment, act, or statement that consciously or unconsciously expresses prejudice or discrimination against a group or member of society

microagressão, agressão micro

relating to a group of people with shared culture, tradition, history, language, etc.

étnico, relativo a um grupo étnico

referring to people with light or white skin, typically of European origin

caucasiano, europeu

a method of gender classification that categorizes all people into either male or female

binário de gênero, binarismo de gênero

the qualities or attributes that are considered to be typical of or suitable for men

masculinidade, masculinismo

the qualities or attributes that are considered to be typical of or suitable for women

feminilidade, características femininas

a person's perception of their own gender, which may differ from the gender they were identified with at birth

identidade de gênero, percepção de gênero

(of a person) having a sexual or romantic attraction to people of the same gender

homossexual, homossexual

(of a person) having a sexual or romantic attraction to people of the opposite gender

heterossexual, heterossexual

(of a person) having a sexual attraction to people of both their own gender and other genders

bissexual, bissexuais

related to someone whose gender identity does not fit in the traditional binary categories of male or female

não binário, não binária

(of a person) having no sexual interests or not experiencing any sexual attraction

assexuado, assexuada

related to or describing a person whose sense of gender matches their biological sex

cisgênero, cis-gênero

someone who enjoys wearing clothes that are usually worn by the opposite sex

travesti, transvestido

describing or relating to someone whose gender identity does not correspond with their birth sex

transgênero, transgênero (adjetivo)

describing or relating to a transgender person, especially one whose bodily traits have been modified through a surgical operation or hormone therapy to align them with their gender identity

transsexual, transsexuais

relating to someone whose gender identity is unstable and can change over time

gênero fluido, não binário

a person of the same age, social status, or capability as another specified individual

par, colega

lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer or questioning

LGBTQ, comunidade LGBTQ

the state of having the sex organs or other sexual features of both genders

intersexo, intersexualidade

related to a person who is sexually and emotionally attracted to people regardless of their gender or sex

pansexual, pansexual