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the scientific study of human society, its nature, structure, and development, as well as social behavior
社会学, 对人类社会的科学研究
the study of the origins and developments of the human race and its societies and cultures
人类学
a group of people with similar social standing, education, or income
阶层, 层
a social group made up of people who hold the highest social position and are usually quite wealthy
上层阶级, 上流社会
the social class between the upper and lower classes that includes professional and business people
中产阶级, 资产阶级
the social class consisting of people with the lowest position in society and the least money
下层阶级, 低阶层
the class of people with the highest social or political ranks and titles
贵族, 贵族阶级
the society's middle class
资产阶级
a form of social classification in Hinduism, characterized by social status and relative degrees of ritual purity or pollution
种姓, 种姓制度
someone who believes that a particular group of people, especially one determined by sex, religion, or race, is better than other groups and should dominate them
至上主义者, 优越主义者
someone who is in a position of power, especially in the past
最高统治者, 霸主
the belief that cultural diversity within a society should be respected
多元文化主义
relating to the activities or duties of individuals concerning their town, city, or local area
公民的, 市政的
the statistical characteristics of a population, such as age, gender, and ethnicity
人口统计的, 人口统计特征
an implicit agreement among citizens about collaboration in a way that benefits everyone in the society
社会契约, 社会合同
involving, done, or shared by all members of a group
集体的, 共同的
any remark, comment, act, or statement that consciously or unconsciously expresses prejudice or discrimination against a group or member of society
微侵犯, 微-侵犯
relating to a group of people with shared culture, tradition, history, language, etc.
民族的
referring to people with light or white skin, typically of European origin
高加索的, 白的
a method of gender classification that categorizes all people into either male or female
性别二元论, 性别二元系统
the qualities or attributes that are considered to be typical of or suitable for men
男子气概
the qualities or attributes that are considered to be typical of or suitable for women
女性气质, 女性特质
a person's perception of their own gender, which may differ from the gender they were identified with at birth
性别认同
(of a person) having a sexual or romantic attraction to people of the same gender
同性恋的
(of a person) having a sexual or romantic attraction to people of the opposite gender
异性恋的, 直的
(of a person) having a sexual attraction to people of both their own gender and other genders
双性恋
related to someone whose gender identity does not fit in the traditional binary categories of male or female
非二元
(of a person) having no sexual interests or not experiencing any sexual attraction
无性恋的
related to or describing a person whose sense of gender matches their biological sex
顺性别, 顺性别的
someone who enjoys wearing clothes that are usually worn by the opposite sex
异装癖者, 喜欢穿异性服装的人
describing or relating to someone whose gender identity does not correspond with their birth sex
跨性别, 变性
describing or relating to a transgender person, especially one whose bodily traits have been modified through a surgical operation or hormone therapy to align them with their gender identity
变性的, 跨性别的
relating to someone whose gender identity is unstable and can change over time
性别流动的, 性别不固定的
a person of the same age, social status, or capability as another specified individual
同龄人, 同等的人
lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer or questioning
LGBTQ, 女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋、跨性别者和酷儿或质疑者
related to a person who is sexually and emotionally attracted to people regardless of their gender or sex
泛性恋, 泛性恋
| 托福高级词汇 |
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