托福高级词汇 - Society

the scientific study of human society, its nature, structure, and development, as well as social behavior

社会学

the study of the origins and developments of the human race and its societies and cultures

人类学, 人文科学

a group of people with similar social standing, education, or income

层, 社会阶层

a social group made up of people who hold the highest social position and are usually quite wealthy

上层阶级, 贵族阶层

the social class between the upper and lower classes that includes professional and business people

中产阶级

the social class consisting of people with the lowest position in society and the least money

下层阶级, 低层社会

wealth that has been inherited and not earned

旧钱, 继承财富

the class of people with the highest social or political ranks and titles

贵族

the society's middle class

资产阶级, 中产阶级

a form of social classification in Hinduism, characterized by social status and relative degrees of ritual purity or pollution

种姓, 阶层

someone who believes that a particular group of people, especially one determined by sex, religion, or race, is better than other groups and should dominate them

至上主义者

someone who is in a position of power, especially in the past

领主, 霸主

someone with an inferior position than another person within an organization

下属, 从属者

the belief that cultural diversity within a society should be respected

多文化主义, 文化多样性

relating to the activities or duties of individuals concerning their town, city, or local area

公民的, 市政的

the statistical characteristics of a population, such as age, gender, and ethnicity

人口统计特征, 人口类别

an implicit agreement among citizens about collaboration in a way that benefits everyone in the society

社会契约, 社会协议

involving, done, or shared by all members of a group

集体的, 共同的

any remark, comment, act, or statement that consciously or unconsciously expresses prejudice or discrimination against a group or member of society

微侵略, 微小攻击

relating to a group of people with shared culture, tradition, history, language, etc.

民族的, 与某个民族相关的

referring to people with light or white skin, typically of European origin

高加索的, 欧洲的

a method of gender classification that categorizes all people into either male or female

性别二元, 性别二元分类

the qualities or attributes that are considered to be typical of or suitable for men

男性气质, 阳刚之气

the qualities or attributes that are considered to be typical of or suitable for women

女性特质, 女性气质

a person's perception of their own gender, which may differ from the gender they were identified with at birth

性别认同, 性别意识

(of a person) having a sexual or romantic attraction to people of the same gender

同性恋的, 同性恋的

(of a person) having a sexual or romantic attraction to people of the opposite gender

异性恋的, 异性恋

(of a person) having a sexual attraction to people of both their own gender and other genders

双性恋, 双性者

related to someone whose gender identity does not fit in the traditional binary categories of male or female

非二元, 非二元性别

(of a person) having no sexual interests or not experiencing any sexual attraction

无性, 无性别的

related to or describing a person whose sense of gender matches their biological sex

顺性别, 顺性别者

someone who enjoys wearing clothes that are usually worn by the opposite sex

跨性别者, 变装者

describing or relating to someone whose gender identity does not correspond with their birth sex

变性人, 变性人（形容词）

describing or relating to a transgender person, especially one whose bodily traits have been modified through a surgical operation or hormone therapy to align them with their gender identity

变性者的, 跨性别

relating to someone whose gender identity is unstable and can change over time

性别流动的, 非二元的

a person of the same age, social status, or capability as another specified individual

同龄人, 伙伴

lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer or questioning

LGBTQ, LGBTQ社区

the state of having the sex organs or other sexual features of both genders

间性, 双性

related to a person who is sexually and emotionally attracted to people regardless of their gender or sex

泛性恋, 泛性恋