Academic IELTS (Banda 8 și Mai Sus) - Law

the quality of being fair and just toward people according to natural law

echitate

(law) a person or party involved in a legal case

litigant, reclamant

an extra financial compensation awarded in a lawsuit to punish the defendant for bad behavior and deter future wrongdoing

daune punitive, compensare punitivă

to sign a document or agreement jointly with another person, taking equal responsibility for fulfilling its terms

co-semna, semna împreună

the condition of dying without a valid will, leaving the distribution of one's estate to be determined by the laws of intestate succession rather than specific instructions in a will

intestație, lipsa testamentului

the physical railing or barrier in a courtroom that separates participants from the judge

bariera, bancă

a lawyer who specializes in bringing a lawsuit against people or organizations in a court of law

litigant, avocat de litigii

a person who acts as a judge in a law court and deals with minor offenses

magistrat, judecător de pace

the reasonable suspicion that a crime has occurred or will occur

cauză probabilă, motiv rezonabil

a legal professional who is qualified and licensed to advocate on the behalf of clients in both lower and higher courts, primarily in Britain

avocat, consilier juridic

a legal order from a court that requires a party to do or refrain from doing a specific action

ordonanță, dispoziție judecătorească

a written statement affirmed by oath that can be used as evidence in court

declarație sub jurământ, afidavit

a recorded testimony given outside of court by a witness or party involved in a legal case, used as evidence in future proceedings

depoziție, declarație

an official authorized to conduct particular legal formalities, especially to make documents legally acceptable

notar

a set of rules or directives made and maintained by an authority, especially in order to regulate conduct

regulament, normă

the temporary suspension or postponement of a legal proceeding or meeting

suspendare, amânare

a list of cases scheduled for a court's consideration, including details such as case numbers, parties involved, and hearing dates

listă de cazuri, registru de şedinţă

an official judgment in court of law that declares someone not guilty of the crime they were charged with

achitare

the act of breaking or not obeying a law, agreement, etc.

contravenție, încălcare

a formal accusation of a crime

îndrumare, acuzare

(law) the permission for a prisoner to leave prison before the end of their imprisonment sentence, on the condition of good conduct

libertate condiționată, eliberare provizorie

to send someone accused of a crime to the place where the crime happened or where they are wanted for legal matters

extrăda, preda

to make a formal decision or judgment about who is right in an argument or dispute

adjudeca, judeca

to violate someone's rights or property

încălca, viola

to invalidate a legal agreement

anula, invalidare

a legal document issued by a court or administrative agency, compelling an individual to appear as a witness, produce certain documents, or provide testimony in a legal proceeding

subpoena, citare judecătorească

to officially excuse someone from a requirement or obligation

exempta, dispensa

to send a case back to a court of lower authority for additional reconsideration or review

a trimite înapoi, a remite

to follow the rules, commands, or wishes of someone, showing compliance to their authority

respecta, conforma

the body of law formed by judicial decisions and precedents established in past court cases, used as a basis for deciding similar issues in subsequent legal proceedings

jurisprudență, dreptul precedentului

a raid or arrest, often resulting from police or law enforcement investigations

percheziție, raid

to officially cancel a law, decision, agreement, etc.

anula, revoca

to attach a document to another, especially in formal or legal writings

anexa, atașa

the process of sending a legal case from one court to another for review or resolution, often due to jurisdictional or procedural reasons

transfer, înaintare

an official rule or order that is imposed by the law or someone with authority

ordonanță, regulament