the quality of being fair and just toward people according to natural law
公平
(law) a person or party involved in a legal case
诉讼当事人, 诉讼中的一方
an extra financial compensation awarded in a lawsuit to punish the defendant for bad behavior and deter future wrongdoing
惩罚性赔偿, 惩戒性赔偿
to sign a document in addition to another person's signature to guarantee a loan or financial obligation
联署, 作为担保人签署
the condition of dying without a valid will, leaving the distribution of one's estate to be determined by the laws of intestate succession rather than specific instructions in a will
无遗嘱死亡, 无遗嘱状态
the physical railing or barrier in a courtroom that separates participants from the judge
栏杆, 屏障
a lawyer who specializes in bringing a lawsuit against people or organizations in a court of law
诉讼律师, 专门从事诉讼的律师
a person who acts as a judge in a law court and deals with minor offenses
地方法官, 裁判官
the reasonable suspicion that a crime has occurred or will occur
可能的原因, 合理的怀疑
a legal professional qualified and licensed to advocate on behalf of clients in both lower and higher courts
律师, 出庭律师
a legal order from a court that requires a party to do or refrain from doing a specific action
禁令, 法院命令
a written statement affirmed by oath that can be used as evidence in court
宣誓书, 书面证词
a recorded testimony given outside of court by a witness or party involved in a legal case, used as evidence in future proceedings
证词, 录制的证言
an official authorized to conduct particular legal formalities, especially to make documents legally acceptable
公证人, 公共官员
a set of rules or directives made and maintained by an authority, especially in order to regulate conduct
细则, 条例
the temporary suspension or postponement of a legal proceeding or meeting
休会, 暂时中止
a list of cases scheduled for a court's consideration, including details such as case numbers, parties involved, and hearing dates
案件日程表, 案件列表
an official judgment in court of law that declares someone not guilty of the crime they were charged with
无罪释放, 宣告无罪
the act of breaking or not obeying a law, agreement, etc.
违规, 犯罪
a formal accusation of a crime
起诉, 控告
(law) the permission for a prisoner to leave prison before the end of their imprisonment sentence, on the condition of good conduct
假释
to send someone accused of a crime to the place where the crime happened or where they are wanted for legal matters
引渡, 移交
to make a formal decision or judgment about who is right in an argument or dispute
裁决, 判决
to violate someone's rights or property
侵犯, 违反
to invalidate a legal agreement
废除, 宣告无效
a legal document issued by a court or administrative agency, compelling an individual to appear as a witness, produce certain documents, or provide testimony in a legal proceeding
传票, 法庭传唤
to officially excuse someone from a requirement or obligation
免除, 豁免
to send a case back to a court of lower authority for additional reconsideration or review
发回, 退回
to follow the rules, commands, or wishes of someone, showing compliance to their authority
遵守, 遵从
the body of law formed by judicial decisions and precedents established in past court cases, used as a basis for deciding similar issues in subsequent legal proceedings
判例法, 案例法
a raid or arrest, often resulting from police or law enforcement investigations
突袭, 逮捕
to officially cancel a law, decision, agreement, etc.
撤销, 废除
to attach a document to another, especially in formal or legal writings
附加, annex的动词形式
