an extra financial compensation awarded in a lawsuit to punish the defendant for bad behavior and deter future wrongdoing

惩罚性赔偿, 惩罚性损害赔偿

to sign a document or agreement jointly with another person, taking equal responsibility for fulfilling its terms

共同签署, 联名签署

the condition of dying without a valid will, leaving the distribution of one's estate to be determined by the laws of intestate succession rather than specific instructions in a will

无遗嘱状态, 无遗嘱继承

the physical railing or barrier in a courtroom that separates participants from the judge

隔栏, 隔断

a lawyer who specializes in bringing a lawsuit against people or organizations in a court of law

诉讼律师, 诉讼专家

a legal professional who is qualified and licensed to advocate on the behalf of clients in both lower and higher courts, primarily in Britain

律师, 法务顾问

a legal order from a court that requires a party to do or refrain from doing a specific action

禁令, 法院命令

a recorded testimony given outside of court by a witness or party involved in a legal case, used as evidence in future proceedings

证言, 声明

an official authorized to conduct particular legal formalities, especially to make documents legally acceptable

公证人

a set of rules or directives made and maintained by an authority, especially in order to regulate conduct

章程, 规章

a list of cases scheduled for a court's consideration, including details such as case numbers, parties involved, and hearing dates

案件清单, 庭审日程

an official judgment in court of law that declares someone not guilty of the crime they were charged with

无罪释放

(law) the permission for a prisoner to leave prison before the end of their imprisonment sentence, on the condition of good conduct

假释, 有条件释放

to send someone accused of a crime to the place where the crime happened or where they are wanted for legal matters

引渡, 移交

to make a formal decision or judgment about who is right in an argument or dispute

裁决, 判决

a legal document issued by a court or administrative agency, compelling an individual to appear as a witness, produce certain documents, or provide testimony in a legal proceeding

传票, 传唤令

to send a case back to a court of lower authority for additional reconsideration or review

发回, 送回

to follow the rules, commands, or wishes of someone, showing compliance to their authority

遵守, 听从

the body of law formed by judicial decisions and precedents established in past court cases, used as a basis for deciding similar issues in subsequent legal proceedings

案例法, 判例法

the process of sending a legal case from one court to another for review or resolution, often due to jurisdictional or procedural reasons

移交, 转交

