the condition of dying without a valid will, leaving the distribution of one's estate to be determined by the laws of intestate succession rather than specific instructions in a will

chết không có di chúc, tình trạng không có di chúc

Ex: In the absence of a will, the deceased's estate will be subject to intestacy, and the distribution will follow legal guidelines.

Đóng

Đăng nhập

bar

[Danh từ]

the physical railing or barrier in a courtroom that separates participants from the judge

thanh chắn, rào chắn

Ex: The court reporter sat just outside the bar, capturing a verbatim record of the proceedings.

Đóng

Đăng nhập

litigator

[Danh từ]

a lawyer who specializes in bringing a lawsuit against people or organizations in a court of law

luật sư tranh tụng, người kiện tụng

Ex: As a skilled litigator, she has successfully represented clients in numerous high-profile court cases.

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magistrate

[Danh từ]

a person who acts as a judge in a law court and deals with minor offenses

thẩm phán, quan tòa

Ex: The magistrate presided over the small claims court, resolving disputes between individuals.

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probable cause

[Danh từ]

the reasonable suspicion that a crime has occurred or will occur

nguyên nhân có thể xảy ra, nghi ngờ hợp lý

Ex: The police officer had probable cause to stop the vehicle due to a traffic violation.

Đóng

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barrister

[Danh từ]

a legal professional qualified and licensed to advocate on behalf of clients in both lower and higher courts

luật sư, trạng sư

Ex: The barrister specialized in family law, providing guidance and representation in divorce and custody cases.

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injunction

[Danh từ]

a legal order from a court that requires a party to do or refrain from doing a specific action

lệnh cấm, mệnh lệnh tòa án

Ex: A temporary injunction was granted, halting the eviction process until the case could be reviewed.

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affidavit

[Danh từ]

a written statement affirmed by oath that can be used as evidence in court

bản khai có tuyên thệ, affidavit

Ex: She signed an affidavit, swearing under oath to tell the truth in her statement to the court.

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deposition

[Danh từ]

a recorded testimony given outside of court by a witness or party involved in a legal case, used as evidence in future proceedings

lời khai, bản khai có ghi âm

Ex: The attorney scheduled a deposition with the key witness to gather essential information for the upcoming trial.

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notary

[Danh từ]

an official authorized to conduct particular legal formalities, especially to make documents legally acceptable

công chứng viên, viên chức công

Ex: The notary public witnessed the signing of the legal document and affixed their official seal.

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bylaw

[Danh từ]

a set of rules or directives made and maintained by an authority, especially in order to regulate conduct

quy định, nội quy

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adjournment

[Danh từ]

the temporary suspension or postponement of a legal proceeding or meeting

hoãn lại, tạm ngừng

Ex: The judge called for a brief adjournment to allow the attorneys to review new evidence.

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docket

[Danh từ]

a list of cases scheduled for a court's consideration, including details such as case numbers, parties involved, and hearing dates

lịch xét xử, danh sách vụ án

Ex: The judge reviewed the docket to determine the order of cases to be heard in the morning session.

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acquittal

[Danh từ]

an official judgment in court of law that declares someone not guilty of the crime they were charged with

sự tha bổng, sự trắng án

Ex: The defendant was relieved to receive an acquittal after a lengthy trial, as the jury found them not guilty of all charges.

Đóng

Đăng nhập

$infraction$

infraction

[Danh từ]

the act of breaking or not obeying a law, agreement, etc.

vi phạm, tội

Ex: The police issued a citation for the minor infraction of jaywalking.

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indictment

[Danh từ]

a formal accusation of a crime

cáo trạng, sự buộc tội

Ex: The indictment revealed a complex web of illegal activities involving drug trafficking and money laundering.

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parole

[Danh từ]

(law) the permission for a prisoner to leave prison before the end of their imprisonment sentence, on the condition of good conduct

án treo

Ex: After serving half of his sentence in prison, the inmate was eligible for parole, subject to certain conditions and supervision.

Đóng

Đăng nhập

to extradite

[Động từ]

to send someone accused of a crime to the place where the crime happened or where they are wanted for legal matters

dẫn độ, trục xuất

Ex: The fugitive was arrested in one country and extradited to face charges in another for embezzlement.

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Đăng nhập

to adjudicate

[Động từ]

to make a formal decision or judgment about who is right in an argument or dispute

phán quyết, phân xử

Ex: The judge will adjudicate the case and determine the appropriate legal resolution.

Đóng

Đăng nhập

to infringe

[Động từ]

to violate someone's rights or property

vi phạm, xâm phạm

Ex: The company was warned about potential legal consequences if it continued to infringe environmental regulations.

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to annul

[Động từ]

to invalidate a legal agreement

hủy bỏ, vô hiệu hóa

Ex: The court ruled to annul the contract, declaring it void from the beginning due to a lack of mutual consent.

Đóng

Đăng nhập

subpoena

[Danh từ]

a legal document issued by a court or administrative agency, compelling an individual to appear as a witness, produce certain documents, or provide testimony in a legal proceeding

giấy triệu tập, lệnh hầu tòa

Ex: The attorney served a subpoena on the key witness, requiring their presence at the trial.

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Đăng nhập

to exempt

[Động từ]

to officially excuse someone from a requirement or obligation

miễn, tha

Ex: The government announced a program to exempt low-income families from certain property taxes.

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to remand

[Động từ]

to send a case back to a court of lower authority for additional reconsideration or review

gửi trả lại, chuyển lại

Ex: The appellate court remanded the case to the lower court for further proceedings.

Đóng

Đăng nhập

to abide by

[Động từ]

to follow the rules, commands, or wishes of someone, showing compliance to their authority

tuân theo, tuân thủ

Ex: The employees must abide by the supervisor's instructions at the construction site.

Đóng

Đăng nhập

case law

[Danh từ]

the body of law formed by judicial decisions and precedents established in past court cases, used as a basis for deciding similar issues in subsequent legal proceedings

án lệ, luật tiền lệ

Ex: The Supreme Court's landmark decisions have significantly shaped case law in areas such as civil rights and constitutional law.

Đóng

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bust

[Danh từ]

a raid or arrest, often resulting from police or law enforcement investigations

một cuộc đột kích, một vụ bắt giữ

Ex: The drug bust happened early this morning.

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Đăng nhập

to rescind

[Động từ]

to officially cancel a law, decision, agreement, etc.

hủy bỏ, thu hồi

Ex: The board is currently rescinding the previous decision due to new evidence.

Đóng

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to annex

[Động từ]

to attach a document to another, especially in formal or legal writings

đính kèm, phụ lục

Ex: The additional terms were annexed to the main contract for clarity.

Đóng

Đăng nhập

remit

[Danh từ]

the process of sending a legal case from one court to another for review or resolution, often due to jurisdictional or procedural reasons

sự chuyển giao, sự chuyển tiếp

Ex: The governor's remit of the prisoner's sentence brought relief to the inmate's family, who had advocated for clemency.

Đóng

Đăng nhập

ordinance

[Danh từ]

an authoritative or established rule, often issued by a governing body

sắc lệnh, quy định

Ex: Residents were asked to comply with the water conservation ordinance during the drought.

Đóng

Đăng nhập

Từ vựng cho IELTS Academic (Điểm 8-9)
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Literature	Architecture	Marketing	Finance
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Crime	Punishment	Government	Politics

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