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Λεξιλόγιο για το IELTS Academic (Βαθμολογία 8-9) - Law

Εδώ, θα μάθετε μερικές αγγλικές λέξεις σχετικές με το Δίκαιο που είναι απαραίτητες για την ακαδημαϊκή εξέταση IELTS.

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Vocabulary for Academic IELTS (8)
equity
equity
[ουσιαστικό]

the quality of being fair and just toward people according to natural law

δικαιοσύνη

δικαιοσύνη

Ex: The company ethics policy aims to ensure equity in the workplace by treating all employees fairly according to established guidelines. 
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litigant
litigant
[ουσιαστικό]

(law) a person or party involved in a legal case

δικαζόμενος, μέρος στη δικαστική διαμάχη

δικαζόμενος, μέρος στη δικαστική διαμάχη

Ex: The litigant filed a lawsuit against the company, alleging discrimination in the workplace. 
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punitive damages
punitive damages
[ουσιαστικό]

an extra financial compensation awarded in a lawsuit to punish the defendant for bad behavior and deter future wrongdoing

τιμωρητική αποζημίωση, αποζημίωση αποτρεπτική

τιμωρητική αποζημίωση, αποζημίωση αποτρεπτική

Ex: In the product liability case, the court awarded punitive damages to deter the company from manufacturing unsafe products. 
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to co-sign
to co-sign
[ρήμα]

to sign a document in addition to another person's signature to guarantee a loan or financial obligation

συνυπογράφω, υπογράφω ως εγγυητής

συνυπογράφω, υπογράφω ως εγγυητής

Ex: She agreed to co-sign her friend's car loan. 
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intestacy
intestacy
[ουσιαστικό]

the condition of dying without a valid will, leaving the distribution of one's estate to be determined by the laws of intestate succession rather than specific instructions in a will

θάνατος χωρίς διαθήκη, αδιαθεσία

θάνατος χωρίς διαθήκη, αδιαθεσία

Ex: In the absence of a will, the deceased's estate will be subject to intestacy, and the distribution will follow legal guidelines. 
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bar
bar
[ουσιαστικό]

the physical railing or barrier in a courtroom that separates participants from the judge

το κιγκλίδωμα, το φράγμα

το κιγκλίδωμα, το φράγμα

Ex: The court reporter sat just outside the bar, capturing a verbatim record of the proceedings. 
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litigator
litigator
[ουσιαστικό]

a lawyer who specializes in bringing a lawsuit against people or organizations in a court of law

δικαστικός δικηγόρος, ειδικευμένος δικηγόρος σε δίκες

δικαστικός δικηγόρος, ειδικευμένος δικηγόρος σε δίκες

Ex: As a skilled litigator, she has successfully represented clients in numerous high-profile court cases. 
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magistrate
magistrate
[ουσιαστικό]

a person who acts as a judge in a law court and deals with minor offenses

δικαστής, μαγιστράτος

δικαστής, μαγιστράτος

Ex: The magistrate presided over the small claims court, resolving disputes between individuals. 
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probable cause
probable cause
[ουσιαστικό]

the reasonable suspicion that a crime has occurred or will occur

πιθανή αιτία, λογική υποψία

πιθανή αιτία, λογική υποψία

Ex: The police officer had probable cause to stop the vehicle due to a traffic violation. 
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barrister
barrister
[ουσιαστικό]

a legal professional qualified and licensed to advocate on behalf of clients in both lower and higher courts

δικηγόρος, νομικός

δικηγόρος, νομικός

Ex: The barrister specialized in family law, providing guidance and representation in divorce and custody cases. 
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injunction
injunction
[ουσιαστικό]

a legal order from a court that requires a party to do or refrain from doing a specific action

δικαστική απόφαση, διαταγή

δικαστική απόφαση, διαταγή

Ex: A temporary injunction was granted, halting the eviction process until the case could be reviewed. 
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affidavit
affidavit
[ουσιαστικό]

a written statement affirmed by oath that can be used as evidence in court

ένορκη δήλωση, αφιδαβίτ

ένορκη δήλωση, αφιδαβίτ

Ex: She signed an affidavit, swearing under oath to tell the truth in her statement to the court. 
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deposition
deposition
[ουσιαστικό]

a recorded testimony given outside of court by a witness or party involved in a legal case, used as evidence in future proceedings

καταθεση, καταγεγραμμένη μαρτυρία

καταθεση, καταγεγραμμένη μαρτυρία

Ex: The attorney scheduled a deposition with the key witness to gather essential information for the upcoming trial. 
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notary
notary
[ουσιαστικό]

an official authorized to conduct particular legal formalities, especially to make documents legally acceptable

συμβολαιογράφος, δημόσιος υπάλληλος

συμβολαιογράφος, δημόσιος υπάλληλος

Ex: The notary public witnessed the signing of the legal document and affixed their official seal. 
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bylaw
bylaw
[ουσιαστικό]

a set of rules or directives made and maintained by an authority, especially in order to regulate conduct

κανονισμός, διατάγματα

κανονισμός, διατάγματα

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adjournment
adjournment
[ουσιαστικό]

the temporary suspension or postponement of a legal proceeding or meeting

αναβολή, προσωρινή αναστολή

αναβολή, προσωρινή αναστολή

Ex: The judge called for a brief adjournment to allow the attorneys to review new evidence. 
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docket
docket
[ουσιαστικό]

a list of cases scheduled for a court's consideration, including details such as case numbers, parties involved, and hearing dates

ημερολόγιο ακροάσεων, κατάλογος υποθέσεων

ημερολόγιο ακροάσεων, κατάλογος υποθέσεων

Ex: The judge reviewed the docket to determine the order of cases to be heard in the morning session. 
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acquittal
acquittal
[ουσιαστικό]

an official judgment in court of law that declares someone not guilty of the crime they were charged with

αθώωση, απαλλαγή

αθώωση, απαλλαγή

Ex: The defendant was relieved to receive an acquittal after a lengthy trial, as the jury found them not guilty of all charges. 
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infraction
infraction
[ουσιαστικό]

the act of breaking or not obeying a law, agreement, etc.

παράβαση,  αδίκημα

παράβαση, αδίκημα

Ex: The police issued a citation for the minor infraction of jaywalking. 
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indictment
indictment
[ουσιαστικό]

a formal accusation of a crime

κατηγορία, κυρώσεις

κατηγορία, κυρώσεις

Ex: The indictment revealed a complex web of illegal activities involving drug trafficking and money laundering. 
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parole
parole
[ουσιαστικό]

(law) the permission for a prisoner to leave prison before the end of their imprisonment sentence, on the condition of good conduct

εκτίμηση ποινής

εκτίμηση ποινής

Ex: After serving half of his sentence in prison, the inmate was eligible for parole, subject to certain conditions and supervision. 
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to extradite
to extradite
[ρήμα]

to send someone accused of a crime to the place where the crime happened or where they are wanted for legal matters

εκδίδω, παραδίδω

εκδίδω, παραδίδω

Ex: The fugitive was arrested in one country and extradited to face charges in another for embezzlement. 
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to adjudicate
to adjudicate
[ρήμα]

to make a formal decision or judgment about who is right in an argument or dispute

αποφασίζω, διαιτητεύω

αποφασίζω, διαιτητεύω

Ex: The judge will adjudicate the case and determine the appropriate legal resolution. 
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to infringe
to infringe
[ρήμα]

to violate someone's rights or property

παραβιάζω, παρανομώ

παραβιάζω, παρανομώ

Ex: The company was warned about potential legal consequences if it continued to infringe environmental regulations. 
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to annul
to annul
[ρήμα]

to invalidate a legal agreement

ακυρώνω, αναιρώ

ακυρώνω, αναιρώ

Ex: The court ruled to annul the contract, declaring it void from the beginning due to a lack of mutual consent. 
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subpoena
subpoena
[ουσιαστικό]

a legal document issued by a court or administrative agency, compelling an individual to appear as a witness, produce certain documents, or provide testimony in a legal proceeding

επίσημη κλήτευση, δικαστική κλήτευση

επίσημη κλήτευση, δικαστική κλήτευση

Ex: The attorney served a subpoena on the key witness, requiring their presence at the trial. 
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to exempt
to exempt
[ρήμα]

to officially excuse someone from a requirement or obligation

απαλλάσσω, εξαιρώ

απαλλάσσω, εξαιρώ

Ex: The government announced a program to exempt low-income families from certain property taxes. 
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to remand
to remand
[ρήμα]

to send a case back to a court of lower authority for additional reconsideration or review

αποστέλλω πίσω, επιστρέφω

αποστέλλω πίσω, επιστρέφω

Ex: The appellate court remanded the case to the lower court for further proceedings. 
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to abide by
to abide by
[ρήμα]

to follow the rules, commands, or wishes of someone, showing compliance to their authority

τηρώ, υπακούω

τηρώ, υπακούω

Ex: The employees must abide by the supervisor's instructions at the construction site. 
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case law
case law
[ουσιαστικό]

the body of law formed by judicial decisions and precedents established in past court cases, used as a basis for deciding similar issues in subsequent legal proceedings

νομολογία, δικαστική πρακτική

νομολογία, δικαστική πρακτική

Ex: The Supreme Court's landmark decisions have significantly shaped case law in areas such as civil rights and constitutional law. 
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bust
bust
[ουσιαστικό]

a raid or arrest, often resulting from police or law enforcement investigations

ένα επιχείρημα, μία σύλληψη

ένα επιχείρημα, μία σύλληψη

Ex: The drug bust happened early this morning. 
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to rescind
to rescind
[ρήμα]

to officially cancel a law, decision, agreement, etc.

ανακλώ, ακυρώνω

ανακλώ, ακυρώνω

Ex: The board is currently rescinding the previous decision due to new evidence. 
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to annex
to annex
[ρήμα]

to attach a document to another, especially in formal or legal writings

προσαρτώ, συνάπτω

προσαρτώ, συνάπτω

Ex: The additional terms were annexed to the main contract for clarity. 
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remit
remit
[ουσιαστικό]

the process of sending a legal case from one court to another for review or resolution, often due to jurisdictional or procedural reasons

η παραπομπή, η μεταβίβαση

η παραπομπή, η μεταβίβαση

Ex: The governor's remit of the prisoner's sentence brought relief to the inmate's family, who had advocated for clemency. 
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ordinance
ordinance
[ουσιαστικό]

an authoritative or established rule, often issued by a governing body

διαταγή, κανονισμός

διαταγή, κανονισμός

Ex: Residents were asked to comply with the water conservation ordinance during the drought. 
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