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C1 Level Wordlist - The Environment

Here you will learn some English words about the environment, such as "compost", "refine", "disposal", etc. prepared for C1 learners.

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CEFR C1 Vocabulary
biodegradable
biodegradable
[Adjective]

(of an object) able to be broken down by living organisms such as bacteria, which is then safe for the environment

Ex: Biodegradable food waste can be composted and turned into nutrient-rich soil. 
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carbon-neutral
carbon-neutral
[Adjective]

describing a state in which the carbon dioxide emission reaches zero or there is a balance between the amount of carbon dioxide emitted and absorbed

Ex: The company committed to becoming carbon-neutral by 2030, reducing its greenhouse gas emissions to zero. 
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zero-emission
zero-emission
[Adjective]

(of a vehicle) not producing gases harmful to the environment

Ex: Electric vehicles are considered zero-emission because they do not produce tailpipe emissions. 
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crude
crude
[Adjective]

(of natural substances such as oil) unprocessed and in raw form

Ex: The refinery processes crude oil into various petroleum products like gasoline and diesel. 
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ecological
ecological
[Adjective]

related to the connection between animals, plants, and humans and their environment

Ex: Ecological conservation efforts aim to protect biodiversity and preserve natural habitats. 
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radioactive
radioactive
[Adjective]

containing or relating to a dangerous form of energy produced by nuclear reactions

Ex: Radioactive isotopes are used in medical imaging for diagnostic purposes. 
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free-range
free-range
[Adjective]

related to a type of farming in which animals and birds can move around and eat freely, instead of being kept in a limited area

Ex: The farm raises chickens in a free-range environment where they can roam freely and forage for food. 
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to contaminate

to make a place, substance, etc. dirty or harmful by adding dangerous material

Ex: The factory's discharge pipes contaminated the river with toxic chemicals. 
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to compost

to make decayed leaves, plants, or other organic waste into a mixture that can improve the soil's quality to help plants grow more quickly

Ex: She composts kitchen scraps and yard waste to create nutrient-rich soil for her garden. 
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to dump
to dump
[Verb]

to get rid of waste material, particularly in an unorganized manner

Ex: Instead of recycling, some businesses opt to dump electronic waste in landfills. 
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to refine
to refine
[Verb]

to remove unwanted or harmful substances from another substance

Ex: The water treatment plant uses filtration methods to refine drinking water and remove contaminants. 
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to reuse
to reuse
[Verb]

to use something once more, usually for a different purpose

Ex: She decided to reuse old jars as containers for her homemade jams. 
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conservationist

someone who makes efforts to protect the environment and wildlife from any type of harm

Ex: The conservationist worked tirelessly to protect endangered species and their habitats. 
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eco-anxiety

a feeling of great worry regarding the current and future state of the environment threatened by humans

Ex: Many young people today experience eco-anxiety due to concerns about climate change and environmental degradation. 
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disposal
disposal
[noun]

the act of getting rid of waste material

Ex: Proper disposal of hazardous waste is crucial to protect the environment and human health. 
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dumper
dumper
[noun]

a truck with a container that can be elevated to unload waste material

Ex: The construction site used a dumper to transport gravel and sand across the site. 
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tanker
tanker
[noun]

a ship, aircraft, or road vehicle for carrying liquids, particularly crude oil or gas in large quantities

Ex: The tanker ship transported crude oil across the ocean to refineries. 
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logging
logging
[noun]

the act of cutting down trees to use their wood

Ex: Logging in the area has led to widespread deforestation and loss of biodiversity. 
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carbon monoxide

an odorless, colorless, and poisonous gas that is produced from the burning of fossil fuels, which proves lethal in some cases

Ex: Carbon monoxide is a colorless, odorless gas that is produced by incomplete combustion of fossil fuels. 
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microplastic

very small plastic pieces in the environment that originate from personal care products, clothing, etc. and the degradation of other plastic products

Ex: Microplastics are tiny pieces of plastic less than 5 millimeters in size that pollute the environment. 
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pylon
pylon
[noun]

a tall metal structure used for carrying high-voltage power lines above the ground

Ex: The transmission lines were supported by tall pylons across the countryside. 
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reactor
reactor
[noun]

a large machine or structure used for producing nuclear energy

Ex: The nuclear reactor generates electricity by harnessing the energy from nuclear fission. 
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hydroelectricity

electricity that is produced from the power of water

Ex: Hydroelectricity is generated by harnessing the energy of flowing water to spin turbines. 
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ozone layer

a layer of gases in the earth's atmosphere that does not let the sun's ultraviolet radiation pass through

Ex: The ozone layer is a region of the Earth's stratosphere that absorbs most of the sun's ultraviolet radiation. 
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solar cell

a device that converts the energy of the sun into electricity

Ex: A solar cell, also known as a photovoltaic cell, converts sunlight directly into electricity. 
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sanctuary
sanctuary
[noun]

an area for birds and animals to live and to be protected from dangerous conditions and being hunted

Ex: The wildlife sanctuary provides a safe habitat for endangered species to thrive. 
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toll
toll
[noun]

the number of people who have died or gotten injured because of a war, natural disaster, pandemic, etc.

Ex: The toll from the earthquake rose steadily as rescue teams reached remote villages. 
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wildfire
wildfire
[noun]

a large fire that spreads fast and causes much destruction

Ex: The wildfire spread rapidly through the dry forest due to strong winds. 
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tidal wave

a sudden rise of seawater onto the shore driven primarily by strong onshore winds, often compounding the normal tidal cycle

Ex: Gale-force winds pushed a tidal wave over the seawall, flooding the beachfront boardwalk. 
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herbicide
herbicide
[noun]

a chemical substance that kills plants, used for destroying plants that are not wanted

Ex: Farmers use herbicides to control weeds and improve crop yields. 
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pollutant
pollutant
[noun]

any substance that is harmful to the environment

Ex: Carbon dioxide is a major greenhouse gas pollutant emitted from burning fossil fuels. 
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to die out

to completely disappear or cease to exist

Ex: Some endangered species are at risk of dying out due to habitat loss. 
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rot
rot
[noun]

the process of being destroyed via natural causes

Ex: The fruit began to show signs of rot after sitting on the kitchen counter for too long. 
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oil rig
oil rig
[noun]

a large facility used for drilling oil or gas from underground or under the sea

Ex: The oil rig in the Gulf of Mexico extracts crude oil from deep beneath the seabed. 
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