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C1 Level Wordlist - Dialogue and Discourse

Here you will learn some English words about dialogue and discourse, such as "generalize", "prejudice", "inclined", etc. prepared for C1 learners.

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CEFR C1 Vocabulary
to generalize

to form an opinion or reach a conclusion about something by taking a few instances or facts into account

Ex: It's unfair to generalize all teenagers as being irresponsible based on the actions of a few. 
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to go against

to disagree with or not fit well with a specific rule, concept, or standard

Ex: Her principles go against the idea of exploiting natural resources for profit. 
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to invoke
to invoke
[Verb]

to mention someone or something of prominence as a support or reason for an argument or action

Ex: She invoked the words of Gandhi to inspire her audience during the speech. 
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to plead
to plead
[Verb]

to state something as an excuse

Ex: The defense lawyer pleaded self-defense, arguing that the defendant acted to protect himself from imminent harm. 
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to point
to point
[Verb]

to suggest that something is probable or certain

Ex: The dark clouds point to the likelihood of rain later in the day. 
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to prejudice

to unfairly influence someone's opinion or judgment about someone or something

Ex: Her negative experiences prejudiced her against people from that particular ethnicity. 
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to provoke

to intentionally annoy someone so that they become angry

Ex: His sarcastic remarks were meant to provoke his sister, but she remained unfazed. 
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to reconsider

to think again about an opinion or decision, particularly to see if it needs changing or not

Ex: Feeling unsure, she asked her friends to help her reconsider her career path. 
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to signpost

to mark a place such as a road, etc. with a signpost

Ex: The trail was well signposted, making it easy for hikers to navigate. 
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to sum up
to sum up
[Verb]

to briefly state the most important parts or facts of something

Ex: To save time, the presenter decided to sum the discussion up quickly. 
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to yap
to yap
[Verb]

to talk excessively or continuously, often in a way that is annoying to others

Ex: The politician continued to yap about his achievements during the campaign. 
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ideological
ideological
[Adjective]

based on or relating to a specific set of political or economic views or policies

Ex: The party's platform is rooted in ideological principles of liberalism and social justice. 
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irrelevant
irrelevant
[Adjective]

having no importance or connection with something

Ex: His personal anecdotes were irrelevant to the topic of the lecture. 
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inclined
inclined
[Adjective]

giving an opinion in a way that is not strong

Ex: She's inclined to think the project will succeed, but she's not entirely convinced yet. 
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inflexible
inflexible
[Adjective]

(of a rule, opinion, etc.) fixed and not easily changed

Ex: The company's policy on punctuality is inflexible; tardiness is not tolerated. 
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mistaken
mistaken
[Adjective]

(of a person) wrong in one's judgment, opinion, or belief

Ex: She was mistaken about the date of the event and missed it. 
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moderate
moderate
[Adjective]

(of a person or ideology) not extreme or radical and considered reasonable by a majority of people

Ex: She holds moderate views on economic policy, advocating for balanced approaches. 
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reserved
reserved
[Adjective]

reluctant to share feelings or problems

Ex: Despite his reserved demeanor, he was a deeply compassionate person who preferred to listen rather than speak about his own struggles. 
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unstated
unstated
[Adjective]

not clearly said or explained

Ex: The unstated goal of the project was to increase customer satisfaction. 
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vocal
vocal
[Adjective]

giving opinions loudly or freely

Ex: She was vocal in her support for environmental conservation at the town hall meeting. 
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given that
given that
[conjunction]

used to express that one is considering a particular fact before sharing one's opinion or making a judgment

Ex: Given that it was raining heavily, we decided to postpone the picnic. 
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no kidding
no kidding
[interjection]

used to highlight the sincerity or truthfulness of a statement

Ex: No kidding, the concert is tonight, and I forgot to buy tickets. 
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honest to God
honest to God
[Adjective]

used to emphasize the fact that one is telling the truth

Ex: Honest to God, I had no idea the surprise party was for me. 
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having said that

used to introduce an opposing statement after making a point

Ex: The weather forecast predicts rain for the weekend; having said that, I still think it's worth planning an outdoor activity just in case the weather clears up. 
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if anything
if anything
[phrase]

used to suggest that the opposite of what has been stated may be closer to the truth

Ex: He claimed to have lost weight during the holiday, but if anything, he seemed to have gained a few pounds. 
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at all
at all
[Adverb]

to the smallest amount or degree

Ex: Do you feel sick at all? 
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that said
that said
[phrase]

used to introduce statement that is in contrast to what one previously stated

Ex: It's just a gimmick. That said, I'd love to do it. 
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beyond doubt
beyond doubt
[phrase]

in a way that is absolutely certain and cannot be questioned

Ex: Her dedication to her work was beyond doubt, as she consistently delivered exceptional results. 
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hostility
hostility
[noun]

behavior or feelings that are aggressive or unfriendly

Ex: The hostility between the two rival teams was evident throughout the entire match. 
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mainstream

the opinions, activities, or methods that are considered normal because they are accepted by a majority of people

Ex: Despite her unconventional ideas, she managed to gain acceptance in the mainstream over time. 
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objectivity

the state of being affected by facts and statistics instead of personal opinions and feelings

Ex: The journalist prided herself on her objectivity, always presenting the facts without bias. 
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subjectivity

the state of being affected by personal opinions and feelings instead of facts and statistics

Ex: The art critic's review was filled with subjectivity, reflecting her personal tastes and preferences. 
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premise
premise
[noun]

a theory or statement that acts as the foundation of an argument

Ex: The entire debate was based on the premise that economic growth benefits all members of society. 
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reasoning
reasoning
[noun]

the act of rational and logical thinking about something

Ex: The scientist's reasoning behind the experiment was sound, leading to groundbreaking results. 
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say
say
[noun]

the right or chance to give an opinion about something

Ex: The committee gave everyone a say in the decision-making process to ensure all viewpoints were considered. 
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to [have] second thoughts

to start doubting a decision and begin to wonder whether it is the right or best thing to do

Ex: She had second thoughts about moving abroad after talking to her family. 
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voice
voice
[noun]

the right to give an opinion on something

Ex: In a democracy, freedom of speech ensures that every citizen has a voice in expressing their opinions and beliefs. 
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solidarity

the support given by the members of a group to each other because of sharing the same opinions, feelings, goals, etc.

Ex: The workers stood together in solidarity to demand fair wages and better working conditions. 
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