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Cambridge IELTS 18 - Academic - Test 2 - Reading - Passage 1 (1)

Here you can find the vocabulary from Test 2 - Reading - Passage 1 (1) in the Cambridge IELTS 18 - Academic coursebook, to help you prepare for your IELTS exam.

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Cambridge IELTS 18 - Academic
to hoist
to hoist
[Verb]

to lift or raise an object, typically heavy or bulky, using ropes and pulleys

Ex: They hoisted the equipment to the top of the tower for the construction project. 
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bluestone
bluestone
[noun]

bluish-grey sandstone used for paving and building

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to remain
to remain
[Verb]

to stay in existence after other parts or elements have disappeared or been used up

Ex: The ancient ruins are all that remain of the once-thriving civilization. 
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standing
standing
[Adjective]

having a supporting base

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position
position
[noun]

the specific location or area occupied by something in space

Ex: The vase's position on the table was slightly off-center. 
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to trace
to trace
[Verb]

to research or follow the history or development of something

Ex: The historian traced the origins of the ancient civilization. 
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sophisticated
sophisticated
[Adjective]

(of a system, device, or technique) intricately developed to a high level of complexity

Ex: The new smartphone features sophisticated technology, including advanced facial recognition and augmented reality capabilities. 
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engineering

the practical application of technical and scientific knowledge to commerce or industry

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to haul
to haul
[Verb]

to pull something or someone along the ground, usually with difficulty

Ex: The workers hauled the large crates across the warehouse floor to the loading dock. 
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boulder
boulder
[noun]

a large rock, usually one that has been shaped by natural forces such as water or ice

Ex: A massive boulder sat at the edge of the cliff, weathered by centuries of wind and rain. 
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to weigh
to weigh
[Verb]

to have a specific weight

Ex: The baby elephant weighs over 200 pounds. 
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up to
up to
[preposition]

indicating that the quantity or count mentioned does not exceed a specified value

Ex: The restaurant can accommodate up to 5 people at each table. 
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longstanding
longstanding
[Adjective]

having persisted or existed for a significant amount of time

Ex: Their longstanding friendship began in elementary school and has endured through all the ups and downs of life. 
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sledge
sledge
[noun]

a vehicle usually pulled by horses, which people get on to slide over snow

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roller
roller
[noun]

a cylinder that revolves

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trunk
trunk
[noun]

the main wooden body of a tree

Ex: The children climbed on the sturdy trunk of the old oak tree in the backyard. 
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to lug
to lug
[Verb]

to transport or haul something heavy or cumbersome with effort

Ex: He had to lug the large suitcase up three flights of stairs to reach his hotel room. 
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to transfer

to make a person or thing move from a place, situation, or person to another

Ex: The professor decided to transfer the student to a more advanced class. 
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raft
raft
[noun]

a board that is consisted of long pieces of a wood, reed, etc. tied together, which people use to sail or float on water

Ex: They built a raft to cross the river during their camping trip. 
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to float
to float
[Verb]

to release or place something on a liquid surface, allowing it to move freely

Ex: They would float lanterns on the river during the festival 
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coast
coast
[noun]

the land close to a sea, ocean, or lake

Ex: The coast was full of seashells and small pebbles. 
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alternatively

as a second choice or another possibility

Ex: If you prefer not to drive, you can alternatively take the train to the city. 
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to tow
to tow
[Verb]

to pull an object behind a vehicle, typically using a rope or chain

Ex: The tow truck was called to tow the car that had broken down on the highway. 
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fleet
fleet
[noun]

a group of aircraft belonging to and operated by the same company or organization

Ex: The airline expanded its fleet with new long-range jets. 
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vessel
vessel
[noun]

any vehicle designed for travel across or through water

Ex: The cargo vessel sailed into the harbor, carrying goods from overseas. 
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archeological
archeological
[Adjective]

related to the study or exploration of human history and prehistory through the excavation of artifacts and sites

Ex: The archeological team unearthed ancient pottery shards near the riverbank. 
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stonehenge

an ancient megalithic monument in southern England; probably used for ritual purposes

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archeologist

a person whose job is to study ancient societies using facts, objects, buildings, etc. remaining in excavation sites

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to puzzle out

find the solution to (a problem or question) or understand the meaning of

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mystery
mystery
[noun]

something that is hard to explain or understand, often involving a puzzling event or situation with an unknown explanation

Ex: The disappearance of the ship remains a mystery to this day. 
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monument
monument
[noun]

a place or building that is historically important

Ex: The Eiffel Tower is a famous monument in Paris, attracting millions of tourists each year. 
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to erect
to erect
[Verb]

to build or assemble a structure or object in an upright position

Ex: The construction crew worked diligently to erect a new office building in the city center. 
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plain
plain
[noun]

a vast area of flat land

Ex: The Great Plains in the United States stretch for miles, offering a stunning view of endless flatlands. 
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to comprise

to be made up of various components or parts within a whole

Ex: The committee comprises members from various departments. 
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roughly
roughly
[Adverb]

without being exact

Ex: The project will take roughly two months to complete. 
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upright
upright
[Adverb]

in an upward or vertical position

Ex: She stacked the books upright on the shelf. 
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to place
to place
[Verb]

to lay or put something somewhere

Ex: She decided to place the vase of flowers on the dining table as a centerpiece. 
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circular
circular
[Adjective]

having a shape like a circle

Ex: The table had a circular top, allowing for easy conversation among the dinner guests. 
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layout
layout
[noun]

the specific way by which a building, book page, garden, etc. is arranged

Ex: The architect presented several options for the layout of the new office space, each maximizing natural light and efficiency. 
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iconic
iconic
[Adjective]

widely recognized and regarded as a symbol of a particular time, place, or culture

Ex: He gave an iconic performance that will be remembered for years. 
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ruin
ruin
[noun]

(plural) the remains of something such as a building after it has been seriously damaged or destroyed

Ex: They explored the ruins of an old castle during their trip. 
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neolithic
neolithic
[Adjective]

related to the latest part of the Stone Age when humans used stones as tools and weapons

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Briton
Briton
[noun]

an inhabitant of southern Britain prior to the Anglo-Saxon invasions

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primitive
primitive
[Adjective]

basic and simple, lacking modern features or advancements

Ex: The primitive tools, consisting of simple stone implements, were used by early humans for hunting and gathering. 
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to fashion

to create or make something by putting different parts or materials together

Ex: Artisans fashion intricate jewelry by combining various metals and gemstones. 
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deer
deer
[noun]

a large, wild animal with long legs which eats grass and can run very fast, typically the males have horns

Ex: Driving through the national park, we were lucky enough to witness a herd of majestic deer. 
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antler
antler
[noun]

any of the pair of branched horns that grow annually on the head of an adult animal, typically a male one, from the deer family

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ditch
ditch
[noun]

a long, narrow hole next to a road to keep it from getting too wet

Ex: He cleared debris from the ditch after heavy rainfall. 
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bank
bank
[noun]

a long, raised mass of earth, sand, snow, or other material

Ex: The snowplow created a high bank of snow along the sides of the road. 
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pit
pit
[noun]

a large hole in the ground where stones, minerals, or other materials are removed

Ex: The workers spent hours digging in the pit to extract the rocks. 
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to date back

to have origins or existence that extends to a specific earlier time

Ex: The ancient ruins in the valley date back to the time of the Roman Empire. 
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era
era
[noun]

a period of history marked by particular features or events

Ex: The fall of the Berlin Wall marked the beginning of a new era in European politics. 
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timber
timber
[noun]

a vertical wooden post or stake, often used for fencing, support, or markers

Ex: A timber was driven into the ground for the fence. 
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post
post
[noun]

a sturdy pole made of metal or timber that is dug into the ground to be used as a marker or support something

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scholar
scholar
[noun]

someone who has a lot of knowledge about a particular subject, especially in the humanities

Ex: The conference featured a renowned scholar who spoke about ancient Greek philosophy. 
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estimated
estimated
[Adjective]

roughly calculated or guessed but is not exact

Ex: The estimated cost of the project is around two million dollars. 
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henge
henge
[noun]

a large, round area of land with a ditch and a raised edge around it, usually built long ago for ceremonies, meetings, or special events

Ex: The tourists visited a famous ancient henge in the countryside. 
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horseshoe
horseshoe
[noun]

a shape that looks like the letter U, with two ends that curve slightly inward

Ex: The dancers stood in a horseshoe formation. 
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