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Linguistik - Morphologie und Lexikologie

Hier lernen Sie einige englische Wörter im Zusammenhang mit Morphologie und Lexikologie wie „Affix“, „Stem“ und „Lexeme“.

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Words Related to Linguistics

the shortened form of a word, etc.

Abkürzung

Abkürzung

Ex: When writing a report , be sure to define abbreviations the first time you use them .
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affixation
[Nomen]

a process in morphology where affixes, which are bound morphemes, are attached to a base or root morpheme to create new words or modify the meaning or grammatical function of existing words

Affixation, Affigierung

Affixation, Affigierung

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affix
[Nomen]

(grammar) a letter or group of letters added to the end or beginning of a word to change its meaning

Affix, Anhang

Affix, Anhang

Ex: In linguisticsaffixes play a crucial role in word formation and derivation .
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a short form of a word or a group of words used instead of the full form

Kon­trak­ti­on

Kon­trak­ti­on

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prefix
[Nomen]

(grammar) a letter or a set of letters that are added to the beginning of a word to alter its meaning and make a new word

Präfix

Präfix

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ending
[Nomen]

the last part of a word, added to the main part

Endung, Nachsilbe

Endung, Nachsilbe

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suffix
[Nomen]

(grammar) a letter or a set of letters that are added to the end of a word to alter its meaning and make a new word

Suffix

Suffix

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acronym
[Nomen]

a word formed from the initial letters of a phrase, pronounced as a single word

Akronym, Abkürzung

Akronym, Abkürzung

Ex: The company name was created as acronym from its founders ' initials .
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blending
[Nomen]

a process in language where two or more words are combined to create a new word that retains elements or sounds from the original words

Blendung, Verschmelzung

Blendung, Verschmelzung

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numeronym
[Nomen]

a type of abbreviation in which a word or phrase is represented by a series of numbers, with the numbers typically corresponding to the number of letters omitted between the first and last letter of the word or phrase

Numeronym, Zahlwort

Numeronym, Zahlwort

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a morpheme that cannot stand alone as an independent word and must be attached to other morphemes to convey meaning

gebundene Morpheme, gebundene Morpheme

gebundene Morpheme, gebundene Morpheme

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circumfix
[Nomen]

a type of affix that consists of two parts, one attached to the beginning of a word and the other attached to the end

Zirkumfix, Umgreifendes Affix

Zirkumfix, Umgreifendes Affix

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a morphological process in which a segment or a group of segments is inserted within a word, typically resulting in a change of the word's meaning or grammatical category

Transfixation, Transfixierung

Transfixation, Transfixierung

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analogy
[Nomen]

(linguistics) a process by which a new word or inflection is formed according to existing rules and regulations

Analogie, Analogiebildung

Analogie, Analogiebildung

Ex: The study analogy shows how language adapts to the needs of its speakers .
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coinage
[Nomen]

the process of inventing a word

Wortschöpfung, Wortbildung

Wortschöpfung, Wortbildung

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stem
[Nomen]

the core or base form of a word to which affixes, such as prefixes, suffixes, infixes, etc. can be attached

Stamm, Wurzel

Stamm, Wurzel

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root
[Nomen]

the core lexical unit from which words are derived and carries the central meaning of a word

Stamm, Wurzel

Stamm, Wurzel

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a morpheme that can function as an independent word in a language

freie Morpheme, selbstständige Morpheme

freie Morpheme, selbstständige Morpheme

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infix
[Nomen]

a type of bound morpheme that is inserted within a word

Infix, Innenteil

Infix, Innenteil

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clitic
[Nomen]

a linguistic element that functions as a word but behaves phonologically or syntactically as a bound morpheme, often attaching to other words and lacking independent stress or full syntactic independence

Kliti, Klitik

Kliti, Klitik

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the process of creating new words or modifying existing ones through morphological and lexical mechanisms in a language

Wortbildung, Wortschöpfung

Wortbildung, Wortschöpfung

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lexeme
[Nomen]

(linguistics) a basic linguistic unit that is meaningful and underlies a set of words which are related through inflection

Lexem, Lexeme

Lexem, Lexeme

Ex: lexemes helps in identifying patterns of word formation and usage across different linguistic contexts .
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derivation
[Nomen]

a morphological process in language where new words are formed by adding affixes or making internal modifications to a base or root word, resulting in a change in meaning, part of speech, or both

Derivation, Ableitung

Derivation, Ableitung

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inflection
[Nomen]

(grammar) a change in the structure of a word, usually adding a suffix, according to its grammatical function

Flexion, Beugung

Flexion, Beugung

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a word-formation process in which a new word is created by removing what is mistakenly perceived as a derivative affix from an existing word, often resulting in a shorter word with a different part of speech

Rückbildung, Rückbildungsprozess

Rückbildung, Rückbildungsprozess

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a word-formation process in which two or more individual words are combined to create a new word, typically resulting in a compound with a meaning that is related to or derived from the meanings of the individual words

Zusammensetzung, Komposition

Zusammensetzung, Komposition

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conversion
[Nomen]

a word-formation process in which a word changes its grammatical category or part of speech without any accompanying morphological changes, such as when a noun becomes a verb or a verb becomes a noun

Konversion, Umwandlung

Konversion, Umwandlung

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paradigm
[Nomen]

a systematic arrangement of inflected forms or word forms that represent the different grammatical variations of a word or morpheme

Paradigma, Muster

Paradigma, Muster

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lexicon
[Nomen]

the complete set of meaningful units in a language or a branch of knowledge, or words or phrases that a speaker uses

Lexikon, Wortschatz

Lexikon, Wortschatz

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clipping
[Nomen]

the process of shortening a word by dropping one or more syllables

Kürzung, Abkürzung

Kürzung, Abkürzung

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hypocorism
[Nomen]

a word-formation process in which a word or name is modified to create a shorter, affectionate, or informal version, often used to express familiarity, endearment, or intimacy

Hypokorismus, Koseform

Hypokorismus, Koseform

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the process of creating or treating a group of phonological segments as a distinct morpheme, which carries meaning and can be combined with other morphemes to form words

Morphemisierung, Morphembehandlung

Morphemisierung, Morphembehandlung

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a morphological process in language where affixes are added to a root or base word in a clear, one-to-one fashion, each affix typically expressing a single grammatical or semantic meaning, resulting in a string of affixes attached to the root without any change in the affixes themselves

Agglutination, Agglutinierung

Agglutination, Agglutinierung

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a type of morpheme that carries the core lexical or semantic meaning of a word

lexikalisches Morphem, lexikalischer Morphem

lexikalisches Morphem, lexikalischer Morphem

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vocabulary
[Nomen]

all the words used in a particular language or subject

Wortschatz

Wortschatz

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derivative
[Nomen]

(in linguistics) a word that is developed from another word or base

Derivat, Abgeleitetes

Derivat, Abgeleitetes

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base
[Nomen]

the form to which affixes or other morphological operations are added to create a new word

Basis, Stamm

Basis, Stamm

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a process in language where a word or phrase, typically a verb or an adjective, is transformed into a noun, either by adding a suffix or by changing its syntactic function, allowing the expression of concepts or actions as nominal entities

Nominalisierung, Nominalisation

Nominalisierung, Nominalisation

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a process in which a word or phrase evolves from being a combination of grammatical elements or a non-lexicalized expression to becoming an established lexical unit with its own meaning and usage

Lexikalisierung, Wortbildung

Lexikalisierung, Wortbildung

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diminutive
[Nomen]

a word form or affix that is added to a base word to express smallness, endearment, or a sense of familiarity

Diminutiv, Verkleinerungsform

Diminutiv, Verkleinerungsform

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a newly created word or expression that has not yet gained widespread acceptance or recognition within a language community

Neologismus, Proto-Wort

Neologismus, Proto-Wort

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ghost word
[Nomen]

a non-existent or erroneous word that has been mistakenly created and entered into a dictionary or other linguistic sources

Geisterwort, fiktives Wort

Geisterwort, fiktives Wort

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pseudoword
[Nomen]

a string of letters or sounds that resemble real words but do not have any actual meaning or lexical representation in a particular language

Pseudowort, Scheinwort

Pseudowort, Scheinwort

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nonce word
[Nomen]

a term or expression created and used for a specific occasion or context, typically with a limited or one-time purpose, and not intended for long-term or widespread usage

Gelegenheitswort, Einmalwort

Gelegenheitswort, Einmalwort

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a word or form that appears only once within a specific corpus or body of text

Hapax Legomenon, Hapaxlegomenon

Hapax Legomenon, Hapaxlegomenon

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morph
[Nomen]

the smallest meaningful unit of language that carries a distinct semantic or grammatical function and cannot be further divided into smaller parts with independent meaning

Morphem, Morphe

Morphem, Morphe

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morpheme
[Nomen]

(linguistics) the smallest meaningful unit of a language that does not necessarily stand alone and cannot be divided

Morphem, Morpheme

Morphem, Morpheme

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a type of morpheme that conveys grammatical information and serves a functional role in a sentence, rather than carrying lexical or content-related meaning

funktionales Morphem, grammatische Morpheme

funktionales Morphem, grammatische Morpheme

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(linguistics) a word, a group of words or a part of word that has a meaning and forms the basic element of any language

lexikalische Einheit, Wortschatzeinheit

lexikalische Einheit, Wortschatzeinheit

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a new word that is formed by the combination of two other words blending their meaning and sounds

Portmanteau-Wort, Portmanteau-Begriff

Portmanteau-Wort, Portmanteau-Begriff

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lexis
[Nomen]

(linguistics) all the words and phrases of a language, including the function words

Lexis, Vokabular

Lexis, Vokabular

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word
[Nomen]

(grammar) a unit of language that has a specific meaning

Wort

Wort

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a particular combination of words that are used together very often

Kollokation, Wortverbindung

Kollokation, Wortverbindung

Ex: The teacher explained the meaning of collocation.
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idiom
[Nomen]

a group of words or a phrase that has a meaning different from the literal interpretation of its individual words, often specific to a particular language or culture

Redewendung, Idiom

Redewendung, Idiom

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a situation in which a word or phrase has multiple meanings or interpretations, often leading to confusion or uncertainty in understanding the intended message or context

lexikalische Mehrdeutigkeit, lexikalische Ambiguität

lexikalische Mehrdeutigkeit, lexikalische Ambiguität

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the process of duplicating all or part of a word or morpheme to create a new form, often with a change in meaning or grammatical function

Reduplikation, Wiederholung

Reduplikation, Wiederholung

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blocking
[Nomen]

a phenomenon where the presence of one linguistic form prevents the occurrence or acceptance of another form with a similar meaning or function

Blockierung, Blockieren

Blockierung, Blockieren

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a set of principles or patterns that govern the formation or derivation of words and their meanings within a particular language or lexical system

lexikalische Regel, lexikalisches Prinzip

lexikalische Regel, lexikalisches Prinzip

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sniglet
[Nomen]

a playful, made-up word used to describe something for which there is no existing term, often adding humor and creativity to language

Schniggel, Schmielwort

Schniggel, Schmielwort

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the process in which a new word or morpheme is created by combining a sound component that resembles an existing word with a semantic component that reflects its meaning

Phono-semantische Übereinstimmung, Phono-semantisches Matching

Phono-semantische Übereinstimmung, Phono-semantisches Matching

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