Lingguwistika - Morpolohiya at Leksikolohiya
Dito matututo ka ng ilang mga salitang Ingles na may kaugnayan sa morpolohiya at leksikolohiya tulad ng "affix", "stem", at "lexeme".
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Pagsusulit
the shortened form of a word, etc.
pagpapaikli, daglat
Kapag nagsusulat ng ulat, siguraduhing tukuyin ang anumang daglat sa unang pagkakataong gamitin mo ito.
a process in morphology where affixes, which are bound morphemes, are attached to a base or root morpheme to create new words or modify the meaning or grammatical function of existing words
pagkakabit, proseso ng pagkakabit
(grammar) a letter or group of letters added to the end or beginning of a word to change its meaning
panlapi, hulapi/unlapi
Sa lingguwistika, ang mga affix ay may mahalagang papel sa pagbuo at pagbabago ng mga salita.
a short form of a word or a group of words used instead of the full form
pag-ikli, pinaikling anyo
Ang mga contraction ay madalas na ginagamit sa impormal na pagsusulat at pagsasalita.
(grammar) a letter or a set of letters that are added to the beginning of a word to alter its meaning and make a new word
panlapi
Nagbigay ang diksyunaryo ng isang listahan ng mga panlapi at ang kanilang mga kahulugan upang makatulong sa pagbuo at pag-unawa ng mga salita.
(grammar) a letter or a set of letters that are added to the end of a word to alter its meaning and make a new word
hulapi, suffix
Nagsanay ang mga estudyante sa pagdaragdag ng iba't ibang hulapi sa mga salitang-ugat upang makita kung paano nagbago ang kanilang mga kahulugan.
a word formed from the initial letters of a phrase, pronounced as a single word
akronim, daglat
Ang pangalan ng kumpanya ay nilikha bilang isang akronim mula sa mga inisyal ng mga tagapagtatag nito.
a process in language where two or more words are combined to create a new word that retains elements or sounds from the original words
paghahalo, pagsasanib
a type of abbreviation in which a word or phrase is represented by a series of numbers, with the numbers typically corresponding to the number of letters omitted between the first and last letter of the word or phrase
numeronym, numerikong pagdadaglat
a morpheme that cannot stand alone as an independent word and must be attached to other morphemes to convey meaning
nakataling morpema, nakadependeng morpema
a type of affix that consists of two parts, one attached to the beginning of a word and the other attached to the end
circumfix, affix na circumfix
a morphological process in which a segment or a group of segments is inserted within a word, typically resulting in a change of the word's meaning or grammatical category
transpiksasyon, morpoholohikal na pagpasok
(linguistics) a process by which a new word or inflection is formed according to existing rules and regulations
analohiya, pagkakatulad
Ang pag-aaral ng analohiya ay nagpapakita kung paano umaangkop ang wika sa mga pangangailangan ng mga nagsasalita nito.
(in linguistics) the base form of a word after removing affixes
ugat, saligan
Pagkilala sa salitang-ugat ay nakakatulong sa pag-aaral ng mga kaugnay na salita.
(in linguistics) the base form of a word, remaining after removing all prefixes and suffixes
ugat, salitang-ugat
Ang ugat ang nagtatakda ng pangunahing kahulugan ng salita.
a morpheme that can function as an independent word in a language
malayang morpema, malayang salita
a type of bound morpheme that is inserted within a word
infiks, nakataling morpem na isinisingit
a linguistic element that functions as a word but behaves phonologically or syntactically as a bound morpheme, often attaching to other words and lacking independent stress or full syntactic independence
klitik, elementong klitik
the process of creating new words or modifying existing ones through morphological and lexical mechanisms in a language
paghubog ng salita, leksikal na derivasyon
(linguistics) a basic linguistic unit that is meaningful and underlies a set of words which are related through inflection
leksema, pangunahing yunit ng lingguwistika
Ang pagsusuri sa mga lexeme ay tumutulong sa pagkilala sa mga pattern ng pagbuo at paggamit ng salita sa iba't ibang konteksto ng wika.
a morphological process in language where new words are formed by adding affixes or making internal modifications to a base or root word, resulting in a change in meaning, part of speech, or both
deribasyon, proseso ng pagbuo ng salita
(grammar) a change in the structure of a word, usually adding a suffix, according to its grammatical function
paglalapi, hulapi
Ang pag-unawa sa paglalapi ay mahalaga para sa pagmaster ng mga wikang may mataas na paglalapi tulad ng Finnish.
a word-formation process in which a new word is created by removing what is mistakenly perceived as a derivative affix from an existing word, often resulting in a shorter word with a different part of speech
back-formation, regressive derivation
a word-formation process in which two or more individual words are combined to create a new word, typically resulting in a compound with a meaning that is related to or derived from the meanings of the individual words
pagbuo ng salita, proseso ng pagbuo ng tambalang salita
a word-formation process in which a word changes its grammatical category or part of speech without any accompanying morphological changes, such as when a noun becomes a verb or a verb becomes a noun
pagbabago, hindi tamang pagbuo ng salita
a structured set showing how a word changes to express different grammatical categories such as tense, mood, voice, aspect, person, number, gender, or case
paradaym, talahanayan ng pagbabanghay
Sa Griyego, bawat pandiwa ay may paradigm na dapat isaulo ng mga mag-aaral upang makabisado ang pagbabanghay.
the complete set of meaningful units in a language or a branch of knowledge, or words or phrases that a speaker uses
talasalitaan, bokabularyo
Ang pagbuo ng isang magkakaibang leksikon sa pamamagitan ng pagbabasa at pagkalantad sa iba't ibang konteksto ay nagpapayaman sa mga kasanayan sa wika at kakayahan sa komunikasyon ng isang tao.
the process of shortening a word by dropping one or more syllables
pagpapaikli, pag-clip
Ang proseso ng clipping ay madalas na nagpapanatili ng orihinal na kahulugan ng salita at maaaring mangyari sa iba't ibang bahagi ng pananalita, tulad ng mga pangngalan, pandiwa, at pang-uri.
a word-formation process in which a word or name is modified to create a shorter, affectionate, or informal version, often used to express familiarity, endearment, or intimacy
hipokorismo, palayaw
Ang pagbuo ng hypocorism ay maaaring magsama ng iba't ibang prosesong lingguwistiko tulad ng pag-clip, pagdaragdag ng diminutive suffixes, o phonetic modification.
the process of creating or treating a group of phonological segments as a distinct morpheme, which carries meaning and can be combined with other morphemes to form words
morpemisasyon, proseso ng morpemisasyon
a linguistic process where affixes attach to a root word, each keeping a distinct meaning and form
aglutinasyon, proseso ng aglutinasyon
a type of morpheme that carries the core lexical or semantic meaning of a word
leksikal na morpema, leksema
all the words used in a particular language or subject
talasalitaan, bokabularyo
Gumagamit siya ng vocabulary app sa kanyang telepono para matuto ng mga bagong salitang Ingles.
(in linguistics) a word that is developed from another word or base
hango, salitang hango
Sinusuri ng mga lingguwista kung paano nagbabago ang mga deribatibo sa paglipas ng panahon.
(linguistics) the form to which affixes or other morphological operations are added to create a new word
base, ugat
Ang mga tambalang salitang Ingles tulad ng "sunflower" ay nagsasama ng dalawang saligang salita ("sun" + "flower").
a process in language where a word or phrase, typically a verb or an adjective, is transformed into a noun, either by adding a suffix or by changing its syntactic function, allowing the expression of concepts or actions as nominal entities
pagpapangalan, pagsasapangngalan
a process in which a word or phrase evolves from being a combination of grammatical elements or a non-lexicalized expression to becoming an established lexical unit with its own meaning and usage
leksikalisasyon, proseso ng leksikalisasyon
a word form or affix that is added to a base word to express smallness, endearment, or a sense of familiarity
diminutibo, salitang nagpapakita ng pagmamahal
Ang « Teacup » ay isang diminutive na anyo ng « cup », na nagpapahiwatig ng mas maliit na bersyon.
a newly created word or expression that has not yet gained widespread acceptance or recognition within a language community
protologismo, bagong likhang salita
a non-existent or erroneous word that has been mistakenly created and entered into a dictionary or other linguistic sources
salitang multo, maling salita
a string of letters or sounds that resemble real words but do not have any actual meaning or lexical representation in a particular language
pseudosalita, gawa-gawang salita
a term or expression created and used for a specific occasion or context, typically with a limited or one-time purpose, and not intended for long-term or widespread usage
pansamantalang salita, bagong salitang pansamantala
a word or form that appears only once within a specific corpus or body of text
hapax legomenon, salita o anyo na lumilitaw nang isang beses lamang
the smallest unit of a word's sound or written form that conveys a distinct grammatical or lexical meaning
morpema, morph
Ang bawat morpema ay may tiyak na kahulugan sa pangungusap.
(linguistics) the smallest meaningful unit of a language that does not necessarily stand alone and cannot be divided
morpema, pinakamaliit na yunit ng kahulugan
Ang pag-aaral ng morpema, na kilala bilang morpolohiya, ay sinusuri kung paano pinagsasama-sama ang mga yunit na ito upang lumikha ng mga kumplikadong salita.
a type of morpheme that conveys grammatical information and serves a functional role in a sentence, rather than carrying lexical or content-related meaning
punsiyonal na morpema, gramatikal na morpema
(linguistics) a word, a group of words or a part of word that has a meaning and forms the basic element of any language
yunit ng leksikal, elementong leksikal
a new word that is formed by the combination of two other words blending their meaning and sounds
salitang pinagsama, salitang portmanteau
Ang paglikha ng mga salitang portmanteau ay maaaring maging masaya at malikhain, tulad ng makikita sa "chillax", isang kombinasyon ng "chill" at "relax".
(linguistics) all the words and phrases of a language, including the function words
talasalitaan, bokabularyo
(grammar) a unit of language that has a specific meaning
salita, kataga
Ang pag-unawa sa bawat salita sa isang pangungusap ay nakakatulong sa pag-unawa.
a particular combination of words that are used together very often
kolokasyon, kombinasyon ng mga salita
Ipinaliwanag ng guro ang kahulugan ng bawat kolokasyon.
a group of words or a phrase that has a meaning different from the literal interpretation of its individual words, often specific to a particular language or culture
kawikaan, idyomatikong pahayag
Ang idiyoma na 'piece of cake' ay tumutukoy sa isang bagay na napakadaling gawin, na walang kinalaman sa isang aktwal na piraso ng dessert.
a situation in which a word or phrase has multiple meanings or interpretations, often leading to confusion or uncertainty in understanding the intended message or context
kalabuan sa leksikal, polysemia
the process of duplicating all or part of a word or morpheme to create a new form, often with a change in meaning or grammatical function
pag-uulit, reduplikasyon
Ang pag-uulit ay maaaring magsilbi ng iba't ibang mga tungkulin sa mga wika, kabilang ang diin, pagbabawas, o paglikha ng mga ekspresyong onomatopeyiko.
a phenomenon where the presence of one linguistic form prevents the occurrence or acceptance of another form with a similar meaning or function
pagharang, pagsagabal
a set of principles or patterns that govern the formation or derivation of words and their meanings within a particular language or lexical system
tuntunin ng leksikal, prinsipyo ng leksikal
a playful, made-up word used to describe something for which there is no existing term, often adding humor and creativity to language
sniglet, malikhaing imbentong salita
the process in which a new word or morpheme is created by combining a sound component that resembles an existing word with a semantic component that reflects its meaning
tugma ng tunog-kahulugan, pagtutugma ng poniko-semantiko
