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Ngôn Ngữ Học - Hình thái học và Từ vựng học
Ở đây bạn sẽ học một số từ tiếng Anh liên quan đến hình thái học và từ vựng học như "phụ tố", "gốc từ" và "từ vị".
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Đố vui
the shortened form of a word, etc.
chữ viết tắt, sự rút gọn
a process in morphology where affixes, which are bound morphemes, are attached to a base or root morpheme to create new words or modify the meaning or grammatical function of existing words
sự gắn thêm, quá trình gắn thêm
(grammar) a letter or group of letters added to the end or beginning of a word to change its meaning
phụ tố, hậu tố/tiền tố
a short form of a word or a group of words used instead of the full form
sự rút gọn, dạng rút gọn
(grammar) a letter or a set of letters that are added to the beginning of a word to alter its meaning and make a new word
tiền tố
(grammar) a letter or a set of letters that are added to the end of a word to alter its meaning and make a new word
hậu tố, tiếp vĩ ngữ
a word formed from the initial letters of a phrase, pronounced as a single word
từ viết tắt, chữ viết tắt
a process in language where two or more words are combined to create a new word that retains elements or sounds from the original words
sự pha trộn, sự hợp nhất
a type of abbreviation in which a word or phrase is represented by a series of numbers, with the numbers typically corresponding to the number of letters omitted between the first and last letter of the word or phrase
numeronym, từ viết tắt bằng số
a morpheme that cannot stand alone as an independent word and must be attached to other morphemes to convey meaning
hình vị ràng buộc, hình vị phụ thuộc
a type of affix that consists of two parts, one attached to the beginning of a word and the other attached to the end
tiếp tố vòng, phụ tố vòng
a morphological process in which a segment or a group of segments is inserted within a word, typically resulting in a change of the word's meaning or grammatical category
sự chèn hình thái, quá trình chèn hình thái
(linguistics) a process by which a new word or inflection is formed according to existing rules and regulations
phép loại suy, sự tương tự
the core or base form of a word to which affixes, such as prefixes, suffixes, infixes, etc. can be attached
gốc từ, thân từ
the core lexical unit from which words are derived and carries the central meaning of a word
gốc, cơ sở
a morpheme that can function as an independent word in a language
hình vị tự do, từ độc lập
a type of bound morpheme that is inserted within a word
trung tố, hình vị ràng buộc chèn vào
a linguistic element that functions as a word but behaves phonologically or syntactically as a bound morpheme, often attaching to other words and lacking independent stress or full syntactic independence
clitic, yếu tố clitic
the process of creating new words or modifying existing ones through morphological and lexical mechanisms in a language
sự hình thành từ, phái sinh từ vựng
(linguistics) a basic linguistic unit that is meaningful and underlies a set of words which are related through inflection
từ vị, đơn vị ngôn ngữ cơ bản
a morphological process in language where new words are formed by adding affixes or making internal modifications to a base or root word, resulting in a change in meaning, part of speech, or both
sự phái sinh, quá trình hình thành từ
(grammar) a change in the structure of a word, usually adding a suffix, according to its grammatical function
biến tố, hậu tố
a word-formation process in which a new word is created by removing what is mistakenly perceived as a derivative affix from an existing word, often resulting in a shorter word with a different part of speech
sự hình thành ngược, sự phái sinh lùi
a word-formation process in which two or more individual words are combined to create a new word, typically resulting in a compound with a meaning that is related to or derived from the meanings of the individual words
sự kết hợp từ, quá trình hình thành từ ghép
a word-formation process in which a word changes its grammatical category or part of speech without any accompanying morphological changes, such as when a noun becomes a verb or a verb becomes a noun
chuyển đổi, từ phái sinh không đúng
a systematic arrangement of inflected forms or word forms that represent the different grammatical variations of a word or morpheme
mô hình, khuôn mẫu
the complete set of meaningful units in a language or a branch of knowledge, or words or phrases that a speaker uses
từ vựng, vốn từ
the process of shortening a word by dropping one or more syllables
sự rút ngắn, sự cắt bớt
a word-formation process in which a word or name is modified to create a shorter, affectionate, or informal version, often used to express familiarity, endearment, or intimacy
từ giảm nhẹ, tên thân mật
the process of creating or treating a group of phonological segments as a distinct morpheme, which carries meaning and can be combined with other morphemes to form words
sự hình thái hóa, quá trình hình thái hóa
a linguistic process where affixes attach to a root word, each keeping a distinct meaning and form
sự kết dính, quá trình kết dính
a type of morpheme that carries the core lexical or semantic meaning of a word
hình vị từ vựng, từ tố
all the words used in a particular language or subject
từ vựng, vốn từ
(in linguistics) a word that is developed from another word or base
từ phái sinh, dẫn xuất
(linguistics) the form to which affixes or other morphological operations are added to create a new word
gốc, cơ sở
a process in language where a word or phrase, typically a verb or an adjective, is transformed into a noun, either by adding a suffix or by changing its syntactic function, allowing the expression of concepts or actions as nominal entities
danh từ hóa, sự chuyển thành danh từ
a process in which a word or phrase evolves from being a combination of grammatical elements or a non-lexicalized expression to becoming an established lexical unit with its own meaning and usage
từ hóa, quá trình từ hóa
a word form or affix that is added to a base word to express smallness, endearment, or a sense of familiarity
từ giảm nhẹ, từ thân mật
a newly created word or expression that has not yet gained widespread acceptance or recognition within a language community
protologism, từ mới được tạo ra
a non-existent or erroneous word that has been mistakenly created and entered into a dictionary or other linguistic sources
từ ma, từ sai
a string of letters or sounds that resemble real words but do not have any actual meaning or lexical representation in a particular language
từ giả, từ không có nghĩa
a term or expression created and used for a specific occasion or context, typically with a limited or one-time purpose, and not intended for long-term or widespread usage
từ ngữ nhất thời, từ mới phù du
a word or form that appears only once within a specific corpus or body of text
hapax legomenon, từ hoặc hình thức chỉ xuất hiện một lần
the smallest segment of a word's sound or written form that can be directly linked to a specific grammatical or lexical meaning
(linguistics) the smallest meaningful unit of a language that does not necessarily stand alone and cannot be divided
hình vị, đơn vị ngữ nghĩa nhỏ nhất
a type of morpheme that conveys grammatical information and serves a functional role in a sentence, rather than carrying lexical or content-related meaning
hình vị chức năng, hình vị ngữ pháp
(linguistics) a word, a group of words or a part of word that has a meaning and forms the basic element of any language
đơn vị từ vựng, yếu tố từ vựng
a new word that is formed by the combination of two other words blending their meaning and sounds
từ kết hợp, từ portmanteau
(linguistics) all the words and phrases of a language, including the function words
từ vựng, vốn từ
(grammar) a unit of language that has a specific meaning
từ, ngữ
a particular combination of words that are used together very often
kết hợp từ, sự kết hợp từ ngữ
a group of words or a phrase that has a meaning different from the literal interpretation of its individual words, often specific to a particular language or culture
thành ngữ, cụm từ cố định
a situation in which a word or phrase has multiple meanings or interpretations, often leading to confusion or uncertainty in understanding the intended message or context
sự mơ hồ về từ vựng, tính đa nghĩa
the process of duplicating all or part of a word or morpheme to create a new form, often with a change in meaning or grammatical function
sự lặp lại, sự nhân đôi
a phenomenon where the presence of one linguistic form prevents the occurrence or acceptance of another form with a similar meaning or function
sự chặn, sự cản trở
a set of principles or patterns that govern the formation or derivation of words and their meanings within a particular language or lexical system
quy tắc từ vựng, nguyên tắc từ vựng
a playful, made-up word used to describe something for which there is no existing term, often adding humor and creativity to language
sniglet, từ chế vui nhộn
the process in which a new word or morpheme is created by combining a sound component that resembles an existing word with a semantic component that reflects its meaning
sự kết hợp ngữ âm-ngữ nghĩa, phối hợp âm thanh-ý nghĩa
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