pattern

زبان‌شناسی - تکواژشناسی و واژه‌شناسی

در اینجا با برخی از واژه های انگلیسی مرتبط با صرف شناسی و واژه شناسی مانند "affix"، "stem" و "lexeme" آشنا می شوید.

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آزمون

شروع یادگیری
Words Related to Linguistics
abbreviation
[اسم]

the shortened form of a word, etc.

مخفف

مخفف

Ex: When writing a report , be sure to define abbreviations the first time you use them .
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affixation
[اسم]

a process in morphology where affixes, which are bound morphemes, are attached to a base or root morpheme to create new words or modify the meaning or grammatical function of existing words

چسباندن, الصاق

چسباندن, الصاق

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affix
[اسم]

(grammar) a letter or group of letters added to the end or beginning of a word to change its meaning

وند (دستورزبان)

وند (دستورزبان)

Ex: In linguisticsaffixes play a crucial role in word formation and derivation .
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contraction
[اسم]

a short form of a word or a group of words used instead of the full form

اختصار (دستور زبان)

اختصار (دستور زبان)

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prefix
[اسم]

(grammar) a letter or a set of letters that are added to the beginning of a word to alter its meaning and make a new word

پیشوند

پیشوند

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ending
[اسم]

the last part of a word, added to the main part

انتها, بخش پایانی

انتها, بخش پایانی

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suffix
[اسم]

(grammar) a letter or a set of letters that are added to the end of a word to alter its meaning and make a new word

پسوند

پسوند

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acronym
[اسم]

a word formed from the initial letters of a phrase, pronounced as a single word

سرواژه

سرواژه

Ex: The company name was created as acronym from its founders ' initials .
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blending
[اسم]

a process in language where two or more words are combined to create a new word that retains elements or sounds from the original words

*ادغام حروف صدادار

*ادغام حروف صدادار

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numeronym
[اسم]

a type of abbreviation in which a word or phrase is represented by a series of numbers, with the numbers typically corresponding to the number of letters omitted between the first and last letter of the word or phrase

عددنوشته, شمارنوشته

عددنوشته, شمارنوشته

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a morpheme that cannot stand alone as an independent word and must be attached to other morphemes to convey meaning

مرفم بسته, مرفم وابسته

مرفم بسته, مرفم وابسته

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circumfix
[اسم]

a type of affix that consists of two parts, one attached to the beginning of a word and the other attached to the end

پیشوند و پسوند, سراژنگ

پیشوند و پسوند, سراژنگ

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a morphological process in which a segment or a group of segments is inserted within a word, typically resulting in a change of the word's meaning or grammatical category

ترنسفیکاسیون, گذارشی

ترنسفیکاسیون, گذارشی

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analogy
[اسم]

(linguistics) a process by which a new word or inflection is formed according to existing rules and regulations

آنالوژی (زبان‌شناسی)

آنالوژی (زبان‌شناسی)

Ex: The study analogy shows how language adapts to the needs of its speakers .
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coinage
[اسم]

the process of inventing a word

ابداع واژه, اختراع واژه

ابداع واژه, اختراع واژه

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stem
[اسم]

the core or base form of a word to which affixes, such as prefixes, suffixes, infixes, etc. can be attached

ریشه, میانه

ریشه, میانه

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root
[اسم]

the core lexical unit from which words are derived and carries the central meaning of a word

ریشه, هسته

ریشه, هسته

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a morpheme that can function as an independent word in a language

آزادواژه, واژه آزاد

آزادواژه, واژه آزاد

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infix
[اسم]

a type of bound morpheme that is inserted within a word

واژه‌درمیانی, واژه‌افزود

واژه‌درمیانی, واژه‌افزود

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clitic
[اسم]

a linguistic element that functions as a word but behaves phonologically or syntactically as a bound morpheme, often attaching to other words and lacking independent stress or full syntactic independence

*واژه‌بست

*واژه‌بست

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the process of creating new words or modifying existing ones through morphological and lexical mechanisms in a language

ساخت واژه, فرایند واژه‌سازی

ساخت واژه, فرایند واژه‌سازی

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lexeme
[اسم]

(linguistics) a basic linguistic unit that is meaningful and underlies a set of words which are related through inflection

تک‌واژه (زبان‌شناسی)

تک‌واژه (زبان‌شناسی)

Ex: lexemes helps in identifying patterns of word formation and usage across different linguistic contexts .
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derivation
[اسم]

a morphological process in language where new words are formed by adding affixes or making internal modifications to a base or root word, resulting in a change in meaning, part of speech, or both

اشتقاق, شتقاق

اشتقاق, شتقاق

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inflection
[اسم]

(grammar) a change in the structure of a word, usually adding a suffix, according to its grammatical function

تصریف (دستورزبان)

تصریف (دستورزبان)

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a word-formation process in which a new word is created by removing what is mistakenly perceived as a derivative affix from an existing word, often resulting in a shorter word with a different part of speech

برگشت‌سازی, پشت‌فرآیند

برگشت‌سازی, پشت‌فرآیند

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compounding
[اسم]

a word-formation process in which two or more individual words are combined to create a new word, typically resulting in a compound with a meaning that is related to or derived from the meanings of the individual words

ترکیب, ترکیب واژگانی

ترکیب, ترکیب واژگانی

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conversion
[اسم]

a word-formation process in which a word changes its grammatical category or part of speech without any accompanying morphological changes, such as when a noun becomes a verb or a verb becomes a noun

تبدیل, معکوس سازی

تبدیل, معکوس سازی

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paradigm
[اسم]

a systematic arrangement of inflected forms or word forms that represent the different grammatical variations of a word or morpheme

پارادایم, نگرش نظام‌مند

پارادایم, نگرش نظام‌مند

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lexicon
[اسم]

the complete set of meaningful units in a language or a branch of knowledge, or words or phrases that a speaker uses

گستره واژگان

گستره واژگان

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clipping
[اسم]

the process of shortening a word by dropping one or more syllables

کوتاه‌سازی (زبان شناسی)

کوتاه‌سازی (زبان شناسی)

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hypocorism
[اسم]

a word-formation process in which a word or name is modified to create a shorter, affectionate, or informal version, often used to express familiarity, endearment, or intimacy

خودمانی کردن کلمه‌ای

خودمانی کردن کلمه‌ای

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the process of creating or treating a group of phonological segments as a distinct morpheme, which carries meaning and can be combined with other morphemes to form words

مرفم‌سازی, مرفم‌کردن

مرفم‌سازی, مرفم‌کردن

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a morphological process in language where affixes are added to a root or base word in a clear, one-to-one fashion, each affix typically expressing a single grammatical or semantic meaning, resulting in a string of affixes attached to the root without any change in the affixes themselves

چسبندگی, چسبیدگی

چسبندگی, چسبیدگی

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a type of morpheme that carries the core lexical or semantic meaning of a word

مرفولوژیکی لغوی, مرفوم لغوی

مرفولوژیکی لغوی, مرفوم لغوی

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vocabulary
[اسم]

all the words used in a particular language or subject

واژگان

واژگان

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derivative
[اسم]

(in linguistics) a word that is developed from another word or base

مشتق (زبان‌شناسی), سرشته

مشتق (زبان‌شناسی), سرشته

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base
[اسم]

the form to which affixes or other morphological operations are added to create a new word

پایه, ریشه

پایه, ریشه

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a process in language where a word or phrase, typically a verb or an adjective, is transformed into a noun, either by adding a suffix or by changing its syntactic function, allowing the expression of concepts or actions as nominal entities

اسم‌سازی, اسم‌گرایی

اسم‌سازی, اسم‌گرایی

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a process in which a word or phrase evolves from being a combination of grammatical elements or a non-lexicalized expression to becoming an established lexical unit with its own meaning and usage

واژه‌سازی, واژه‌پردازی

واژه‌سازی, واژه‌پردازی

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diminutive
[اسم]

a word form or affix that is added to a base word to express smallness, endearment, or a sense of familiarity

پسوند کوچک کننده, دiminutive

پسوند کوچک کننده, دiminutive

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protologism
[اسم]

a newly created word or expression that has not yet gained widespread acceptance or recognition within a language community

*کلمه جدید

*کلمه جدید

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ghost word
[اسم]

a non-existent or erroneous word that has been mistakenly created and entered into a dictionary or other linguistic sources

کلمه‌ی خیالی, کلمه‌ی غیرواقعی

کلمه‌ی خیالی, کلمه‌ی غیرواقعی

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pseudoword
[اسم]

a string of letters or sounds that resemble real words but do not have any actual meaning or lexical representation in a particular language

دروغ‌کلمه, پسووداد

دروغ‌کلمه, پسووداد

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nonce word
[اسم]

a term or expression created and used for a specific occasion or context, typically with a limited or one-time purpose, and not intended for long-term or widespread usage

کلمه موقتی, واژه غیرمستمر

کلمه موقتی, واژه غیرمستمر

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a word or form that appears only once within a specific corpus or body of text

حَپاکس لِگومنون, وظیفۀ یکتاز و بی‌نظیر

حَپاکس لِگومنون, وظیفۀ یکتاز و بی‌نظیر

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morph
[اسم]

the smallest meaningful unit of language that carries a distinct semantic or grammatical function and cannot be further divided into smaller parts with independent meaning

*morph

*morph

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morpheme
[اسم]

(linguistics) the smallest meaningful unit of a language that does not necessarily stand alone and cannot be divided

تکواژ (زبان‌شناسی)

تکواژ (زبان‌شناسی)

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a type of morpheme that conveys grammatical information and serves a functional role in a sentence, rather than carrying lexical or content-related meaning

مرفم کارکردی, مرفم وظیفه‌ای

مرفم کارکردی, مرفم وظیفه‌ای

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lexical unit
[اسم]

(linguistics) a word, a group of words or a part of word that has a meaning and forms the basic element of any language

واحد واژگانی (زبان‌شناسی)

واحد واژگانی (زبان‌شناسی)

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a new word that is formed by the combination of two other words blending their meaning and sounds

تکواژ چندوجهی, تکواژ مرکب

تکواژ چندوجهی, تکواژ مرکب

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lexis
[اسم]

(linguistics) all the words and phrases of a language, including the function words

واژگان (کلیه واژه‌های یک زبان)

واژگان (کلیه واژه‌های یک زبان)

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word
[اسم]

(grammar) a unit of language that has a specific meaning

کلمه, واژه، لغت

کلمه, واژه، لغت

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collocation
[اسم]

a particular combination of words that are used together very often

همایند, همنشینی (واژگانی)

همایند, همنشینی (واژگانی)

Ex: The teacher explained the meaning of collocation.
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idiom
[اسم]

a group of words or a phrase that has a meaning different from the literal interpretation of its individual words, often specific to a particular language or culture

اصطلاح

اصطلاح

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a situation in which a word or phrase has multiple meanings or interpretations, often leading to confusion or uncertainty in understanding the intended message or context

تعارض واژگانی, ابهام واژگان

تعارض واژگانی, ابهام واژگان

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the process of duplicating all or part of a word or morpheme to create a new form, often with a change in meaning or grammatical function

دوگانه‌سازی (زبان شناسی)

دوگانه‌سازی (زبان شناسی)

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blocking
[اسم]

a phenomenon where the presence of one linguistic form prevents the occurrence or acceptance of another form with a similar meaning or function

مسدودسازی, انسداد زبانی

مسدودسازی, انسداد زبانی

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lexical rule
[اسم]

a set of principles or patterns that govern the formation or derivation of words and their meanings within a particular language or lexical system

قانون واژه‌ای, قاعده واژه‌ای

قانون واژه‌ای, قاعده واژه‌ای

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sniglet
[اسم]

a playful, made-up word used to describe something for which there is no existing term, often adding humor and creativity to language

شنگلت, واژه‌سرایی

شنگلت, واژه‌سرایی

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the process in which a new word or morpheme is created by combining a sound component that resembles an existing word with a semantic component that reflects its meaning

تطبیق صوتی-معنایی, هم‌خوانی صوتی-معنایی

تطبیق صوتی-معنایی, هم‌خوانی صوتی-معنایی

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زبان‌شناسی
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