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Linguistik - Morfologi dan Leksikologi

Di sini Anda akan mempelajari beberapa kata dalam bahasa Inggris yang terkait dengan morfologi dan leksikologi seperti "afiks", "akar kata", dan "leksem".

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Words Related to Linguistics
abbreviation
[Kata benda]

the shortened form of a word, etc.

singkatan, kependekan

singkatan, kependekan

Ex: When writing a report , be sure to define any abbreviations the first time you use them .Saat menulis laporan, pastikan untuk mendefinisikan **singkatan** pertama kali Anda menggunakannya.
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affixation
[Kata benda]

a process in morphology where affixes, which are bound morphemes, are attached to a base or root morpheme to create new words or modify the meaning or grammatical function of existing words

afiksasi, proses afiksasi

afiksasi, proses afiksasi

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affix
[Kata benda]

(grammar) a letter or group of letters added to the end or beginning of a word to change its meaning

afiks, sufiks/prefiks

afiks, sufiks/prefiks

Ex: In linguistics , affixes play a crucial role in word formation and derivation .Dalam linguistik, **afiks** memainkan peran penting dalam pembentukan dan derivasi kata.
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contraction
[Kata benda]

a short form of a word or a group of words used instead of the full form

kontraksi, bentuk pendek

kontraksi, bentuk pendek

Ex: Contractions are often used in informal writing and speech .**Singkatan** sering digunakan dalam tulisan dan ucapan informal.
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prefix
[Kata benda]

(grammar) a letter or a set of letters that are added to the beginning of a word to alter its meaning and make a new word

awalan

awalan

Ex: The dictionary provided a list of prefixes and their meanings to help with word formation and understanding .Kamus menyediakan daftar **awalan** dan artinya untuk membantu pembentukan dan pemahaman kata.
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ending
[Kata benda]

the last part of a word, added to the main part

akhiran, sufiks

akhiran, sufiks

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suffix
[Kata benda]

(grammar) a letter or a set of letters that are added to the end of a word to alter its meaning and make a new word

akhiran, sufiks

akhiran, sufiks

Ex: Students practiced adding different suffixes to root words to see how their meanings changed .Siswa berlatih menambahkan berbagai **akhiran** ke kata dasar untuk melihat bagaimana artinya berubah.
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acronym
[Kata benda]

a word formed from the initial letters of a phrase, pronounced as a single word

akronim, singkatan

akronim, singkatan

Ex: The company name was created as an acronym from its founders ' initials .Nama perusahaan dibuat sebagai sebuah **akronim** dari inisial pendirinya.
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blending
[Kata benda]

a process in language where two or more words are combined to create a new word that retains elements or sounds from the original words

pencampuran, penggabungan

pencampuran, penggabungan

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numeronym
[Kata benda]

a type of abbreviation in which a word or phrase is represented by a series of numbers, with the numbers typically corresponding to the number of letters omitted between the first and last letter of the word or phrase

numeronim, singkatan numerik

numeronim, singkatan numerik

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bound morpheme
[Kata benda]

a morpheme that cannot stand alone as an independent word and must be attached to other morphemes to convey meaning

morfem terikat, morfem dependen

morfem terikat, morfem dependen

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circumfix
[Kata benda]

a type of affix that consists of two parts, one attached to the beginning of a word and the other attached to the end

sirkumfiks, afiks sirkumfiks

sirkumfiks, afiks sirkumfiks

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transfixation
[Kata benda]

a morphological process in which a segment or a group of segments is inserted within a word, typically resulting in a change of the word's meaning or grammatical category

transfiksasi, penyisipan morfologis

transfiksasi, penyisipan morfologis

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analogy
[Kata benda]

(linguistics) a process by which a new word or inflection is formed according to existing rules and regulations

analogi, kemiripan

analogi, kemiripan

Ex: The study of analogy shows how language adapts to the needs of its speakers .Studi tentang **analogi** menunjukkan bagaimana bahasa menyesuaikan diri dengan kebutuhan penuturnya.
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coinage
[Kata benda]

the process of inventing a word

pembuatan kata, penciptaan kata

pembuatan kata, penciptaan kata

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stem
[Kata benda]

the core or base form of a word to which affixes, such as prefixes, suffixes, infixes, etc. can be attached

akar, dasar

akar, dasar

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root
[Kata benda]

the core lexical unit from which words are derived and carries the central meaning of a word

akar, dasar

akar, dasar

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free morpheme
[Kata benda]

a morpheme that can function as an independent word in a language

morfem bebas, kata mandiri

morfem bebas, kata mandiri

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infix
[Kata benda]

a type of bound morpheme that is inserted within a word

infiks, morfem terikat yang disisipkan

infiks, morfem terikat yang disisipkan

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clitic
[Kata benda]

a linguistic element that functions as a word but behaves phonologically or syntactically as a bound morpheme, often attaching to other words and lacking independent stress or full syntactic independence

klitik, elemen klitik

klitik, elemen klitik

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word formation
[Kata benda]

the process of creating new words or modifying existing ones through morphological and lexical mechanisms in a language

pembentukan kata, turunan leksikal

pembentukan kata, turunan leksikal

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lexeme
[Kata benda]

(linguistics) a basic linguistic unit that is meaningful and underlies a set of words which are related through inflection

leksem, unit linguistik dasar

leksem, unit linguistik dasar

Ex: Analyzing lexemes helps in identifying patterns of word formation and usage across different linguistic contexts .Menganalisis **leksem** membantu dalam mengidentifikasi pola pembentukan dan penggunaan kata dalam berbagai konteks linguistik.
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derivation
[Kata benda]

a morphological process in language where new words are formed by adding affixes or making internal modifications to a base or root word, resulting in a change in meaning, part of speech, or both

derivasi, proses pembentukan kata

derivasi, proses pembentukan kata

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inflection
[Kata benda]

(grammar) a change in the structure of a word, usually adding a suffix, according to its grammatical function

infleksi, akhiran

infleksi, akhiran

Ex: Understanding inflection is essential for mastering highly inflected languages like Finnish .Memahami **infleksi** sangat penting untuk menguasai bahasa yang sangat berinfleksi seperti Finlandia.
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back-formation
[Kata benda]

a word-formation process in which a new word is created by removing what is mistakenly perceived as a derivative affix from an existing word, often resulting in a shorter word with a different part of speech

pembentukan balik, derivasi regresif

pembentukan balik, derivasi regresif

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compounding
[Kata benda]

a word-formation process in which two or more individual words are combined to create a new word, typically resulting in a compound with a meaning that is related to or derived from the meanings of the individual words

penggabungan kata, proses pembentukan kata majemuk

penggabungan kata, proses pembentukan kata majemuk

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conversion
[Kata benda]

a word-formation process in which a word changes its grammatical category or part of speech without any accompanying morphological changes, such as when a noun becomes a verb or a verb becomes a noun

konversi, turunan tidak tepat

konversi, turunan tidak tepat

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paradigm
[Kata benda]

a systematic arrangement of inflected forms or word forms that represent the different grammatical variations of a word or morpheme

paradigma, model

paradigma, model

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lexicon
[Kata benda]

the complete set of meaningful units in a language or a branch of knowledge, or words or phrases that a speaker uses

leksikon, kosakata

leksikon, kosakata

Ex: Building a diverse lexicon through reading and exposure to different contexts enriches one 's language skills and communication abilities .Membangun **leksikon** yang beragam melalui membaca dan terpapar pada berbagai konteks memperkaya keterampilan bahasa dan kemampuan komunikasi seseorang.
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clipping
[Kata benda]

the process of shortening a word by dropping one or more syllables

pemendekan, pengguntingan

pemendekan, pengguntingan

Ex: The process of clipping often retains the original word's meaning and can occur in various parts of speech, such as nouns, verbs, and adjectives.Proses **clipping** sering mempertahankan makna asli kata dan dapat terjadi di berbagai bagian ucapan, seperti kata benda, kata kerja, dan kata sifat.
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hypocorism
[Kata benda]

a word-formation process in which a word or name is modified to create a shorter, affectionate, or informal version, often used to express familiarity, endearment, or intimacy

hipokorisme, nama sayang

hipokorisme, nama sayang

Ex: The formation of hypocorisms can involve various linguistic processes such as clipping , adding diminutive suffixes , or phonetic modification .Pembentukan **hipokorisme** dapat melibatkan berbagai proses linguistik seperti pemotongan, penambahan sufiks diminutif, atau modifikasi fonetik.
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morphemization
[Kata benda]

the process of creating or treating a group of phonological segments as a distinct morpheme, which carries meaning and can be combined with other morphemes to form words

morfemisasi, proses morfemisasi

morfemisasi, proses morfemisasi

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agglutination
[Kata benda]

a linguistic process where affixes attach to a root word, each keeping a distinct meaning and form

aglutinasi, proses aglutinasi

aglutinasi, proses aglutinasi

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lexical morpheme
[Kata benda]

a type of morpheme that carries the core lexical or semantic meaning of a word

morfem leksikal, leksem

morfem leksikal, leksem

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vocabulary
[Kata benda]

all the words used in a particular language or subject

kosakata, perbendaharaan kata

kosakata, perbendaharaan kata

Ex: She uses a vocabulary app on her phone to learn new English words.Dia menggunakan aplikasi **kosakata** di ponselnya untuk mempelajari kata-kata bahasa Inggris baru.
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derivative
[Kata benda]

(in linguistics) a word that is developed from another word or base

turunan, kata turunan

turunan, kata turunan

Ex: Linguists analyze how derivatives evolve over time .Ahli bahasa menganalisis bagaimana **turunan** berkembang seiring waktu.
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base
[Kata benda]

(linguistics) the form to which affixes or other morphological operations are added to create a new word

dasar, akar

dasar, akar

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nominalization
[Kata benda]

a process in language where a word or phrase, typically a verb or an adjective, is transformed into a noun, either by adding a suffix or by changing its syntactic function, allowing the expression of concepts or actions as nominal entities

nominalisasi, pembendaharaan

nominalisasi, pembendaharaan

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lexicalization
[Kata benda]

a process in which a word or phrase evolves from being a combination of grammatical elements or a non-lexicalized expression to becoming an established lexical unit with its own meaning and usage

leksikalisasi, proses leksikalisasi

leksikalisasi, proses leksikalisasi

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diminutive
[Kata benda]

a word form or affix that is added to a base word to express smallness, endearment, or a sense of familiarity

diminutif, kata sayang

diminutif, kata sayang

Ex: "Teacup" is a diminutive form of "cup," indicating a smaller version.« **Teacup** » adalah bentuk **diminutif** dari « cup », menunjukkan versi yang lebih kecil.
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protologism
[Kata benda]

a newly created word or expression that has not yet gained widespread acceptance or recognition within a language community

protologisme, kata yang baru dibuat

protologisme, kata yang baru dibuat

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ghost word
[Kata benda]

a non-existent or erroneous word that has been mistakenly created and entered into a dictionary or other linguistic sources

kata hantu, kata salah

kata hantu, kata salah

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pseudoword
[Kata benda]

a string of letters or sounds that resemble real words but do not have any actual meaning or lexical representation in a particular language

pseudokata, kata tiruan

pseudokata, kata tiruan

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nonce word
[Kata benda]

a term or expression created and used for a specific occasion or context, typically with a limited or one-time purpose, and not intended for long-term or widespread usage

kata sementara, neologisme sementara

kata sementara, neologisme sementara

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hapax legomenon
[Kata benda]

a word or form that appears only once within a specific corpus or body of text

hapax legomenon, kata atau bentuk yang hanya muncul sekali dalam teks tertentu

hapax legomenon, kata atau bentuk yang hanya muncul sekali dalam teks tertentu

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morph
[Kata benda]

the smallest segment of a word's sound or written form that can be directly linked to a specific grammatical or lexical meaning

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morpheme
[Kata benda]

(linguistics) the smallest meaningful unit of a language that does not necessarily stand alone and cannot be divided

morfem, unit terkecil yang bermakna

morfem, unit terkecil yang bermakna

Ex: The study of morphemes, known as morphology , examines how these units combine to create complex words .Studi tentang **morfem**, yang dikenal sebagai morfologi, memeriksa bagaimana unit-unit ini bergabung untuk menciptakan kata-kata kompleks.
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a type of morpheme that conveys grammatical information and serves a functional role in a sentence, rather than carrying lexical or content-related meaning

morfem fungsional, morfem gramatikal

morfem fungsional, morfem gramatikal

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lexical unit
[Kata benda]

(linguistics) a word, a group of words or a part of word that has a meaning and forms the basic element of any language

unit leksikal, elemen leksikal

unit leksikal, elemen leksikal

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portmanteau word
[Kata benda]

a new word that is formed by the combination of two other words blending their meaning and sounds

kata gabungan, kata portmanteau

kata gabungan, kata portmanteau

Ex: The creation of portmanteau words can be playful and creative , as seen in " chillax , " a combination of " chill " and " relax . "Pembuatan **kata portmanteau** bisa menyenangkan dan kreatif, seperti terlihat dalam "chillax", gabungan dari "chill" dan "relax".
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lexis
[Kata benda]

(linguistics) all the words and phrases of a language, including the function words

leksikon, kosakata

leksikon, kosakata

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word
[Kata benda]

(grammar) a unit of language that has a specific meaning

kata, istilah

kata, istilah

Ex: Understanding every word in a sentence helps with comprehension .Memahami setiap **kata** dalam kalimat membantu pemahaman.
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collocation
[Kata benda]

a particular combination of words that are used together very often

kolokasi, kombinasi kata

kolokasi, kombinasi kata

Ex: The teacher explained the meaning of each collocation.Guru menjelaskan arti dari setiap **kolokasi**.
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idiom
[Kata benda]

a group of words or a phrase that has a meaning different from the literal interpretation of its individual words, often specific to a particular language or culture

idiom, ungkapan idiomatik

idiom, ungkapan idiomatik

Ex: The idiom ' piece of cake ' refers to something that is very easy to do , which has nothing to do with an actual piece of dessert .**Idiom** 'piece of cake' mengacu pada sesuatu yang sangat mudah dilakukan, yang tidak ada hubungannya dengan sepotong dessert yang sebenarnya.
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lexical ambiguity
[Kata benda]

a situation in which a word or phrase has multiple meanings or interpretations, often leading to confusion or uncertainty in understanding the intended message or context

ambiguitas leksikal, polisemi

ambiguitas leksikal, polisemi

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reduplication
[Kata benda]

the process of duplicating all or part of a word or morpheme to create a new form, often with a change in meaning or grammatical function

reduplikasi, pengulangan

reduplikasi, pengulangan

Ex: Reduplication can serve various functions across languages , including emphasis , diminishment , or the creation of onomatopoeic expressions .**Reduplikasi** dapat melayani berbagai fungsi dalam bahasa, termasuk penekanan, pengurangan, atau pembuatan ekspresi onomatope.
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blocking
[Kata benda]

a phenomenon where the presence of one linguistic form prevents the occurrence or acceptance of another form with a similar meaning or function

pemblokiran, penghalangan

pemblokiran, penghalangan

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lexical rule
[Kata benda]

a set of principles or patterns that govern the formation or derivation of words and their meanings within a particular language or lexical system

aturan leksikal, prinsip leksikal

aturan leksikal, prinsip leksikal

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sniglet
[Kata benda]

a playful, made-up word used to describe something for which there is no existing term, often adding humor and creativity to language

sniglet, kata buatan yang lucu

sniglet, kata buatan yang lucu

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the process in which a new word or morpheme is created by combining a sound component that resembles an existing word with a semantic component that reflects its meaning

pencocokan fonosemantik, penyesuaian bunyi-makna

pencocokan fonosemantik, penyesuaian bunyi-makna

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