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Linguistik - Morfologi dan Leksikologi

Di sini Anda akan mempelajari beberapa kata bahasa Inggris yang berhubungan dengan morfologi dan leksikologi seperti "affix", "stem", dan "lexeme".

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Words Related to Linguistics
abbreviation
[Kata benda]

the shortened form of a word, etc.

singkatan, akhiran

singkatan, akhiran

Ex: When writing a report , be sure to define abbreviations the first time you use them .
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affixation
[Kata benda]

a process in morphology where affixes, which are bound morphemes, are attached to a base or root morpheme to create new words or modify the meaning or grammatical function of existing words

afiksasi, penempelan

afiksasi, penempelan

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affix
[Kata benda]

(grammar) a letter or group of letters added to the end or beginning of a word to change its meaning

afiks, imbuhan

afiks, imbuhan

Ex: In linguisticsaffixes play a crucial role in word formation and derivation .
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contraction
[Kata benda]

a short form of a word or a group of words used instead of the full form

kontraksi, kata sambung

kontraksi, kata sambung

Ex: Contractions are often used in informal writing and speech .
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prefix
[Kata benda]

(grammar) a letter or a set of letters that are added to the beginning of a word to alter its meaning and make a new word

awalan, prefiks

awalan, prefiks

Ex: The dictionary provided a list prefixes and their meanings to help with word formation and understanding .
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ending
[Kata benda]

the last part of a word, added to the main part

akhiran, sufiks

akhiran, sufiks

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suffix
[Kata benda]

(grammar) a letter or a set of letters that are added to the end of a word to alter its meaning and make a new word

akhiran, sufiks

akhiran, sufiks

Ex: Students practiced adding different suffixes to root words to see how their meanings changed.
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acronym
[Kata benda]

a word formed from the initial letters of a phrase, pronounced as a single word

akronim, singkatan

akronim, singkatan

Ex: The company name was created as acronym from its founders ' initials .
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blending
[Kata benda]

a process in language where two or more words are combined to create a new word that retains elements or sounds from the original words

pencampuran, penggabungan

pencampuran, penggabungan

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numeronym
[Kata benda]

a type of abbreviation in which a word or phrase is represented by a series of numbers, with the numbers typically corresponding to the number of letters omitted between the first and last letter of the word or phrase

numeronim, angka huruf

numeronim, angka huruf

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bound morpheme
[Kata benda]

a morpheme that cannot stand alone as an independent word and must be attached to other morphemes to convey meaning

morpem terikat, morpem terikat

morpem terikat, morpem terikat

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circumfix
[Kata benda]

a type of affix that consists of two parts, one attached to the beginning of a word and the other attached to the end

sirkumfiks, afiks sirkum

sirkumfiks, afiks sirkum

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transfixation
[Kata benda]

a morphological process in which a segment or a group of segments is inserted within a word, typically resulting in a change of the word's meaning or grammatical category

transfiksasi, penyisipan morfem

transfiksasi, penyisipan morfem

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analogy
[Kata benda]

(linguistics) a process by which a new word or inflection is formed according to existing rules and regulations

analogi, analogi linguistik

analogi, analogi linguistik

Ex: The study analogy shows how language adapts to the needs of its speakers .
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coinage
[Kata benda]

the process of inventing a word

penciptaan kata, pembuatan istilah

penciptaan kata, pembuatan istilah

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stem
[Kata benda]

the core or base form of a word to which affixes, such as prefixes, suffixes, infixes, etc. can be attached

akar kata, batang kata

akar kata, batang kata

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root
[Kata benda]

the core lexical unit from which words are derived and carries the central meaning of a word

akar, akar kata

akar, akar kata

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free morpheme
[Kata benda]

a morpheme that can function as an independent word in a language

morfem bebas, morfem mandiri

morfem bebas, morfem mandiri

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infix
[Kata benda]

a type of bound morpheme that is inserted within a word

infix, morpheme sisipan

infix, morpheme sisipan

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clitic
[Kata benda]

a linguistic element that functions as a word but behaves phonologically or syntactically as a bound morpheme, often attaching to other words and lacking independent stress or full syntactic independence

klitik, elemen klitik

klitik, elemen klitik

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word formation
[Kata benda]

the process of creating new words or modifying existing ones through morphological and lexical mechanisms in a language

pembentukan kata, formasi kata

pembentukan kata, formasi kata

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lexeme
[Kata benda]

(linguistics) a basic linguistic unit that is meaningful and underlies a set of words which are related through inflection

leksem, leksema

leksem, leksema

Ex: lexemes helps in identifying patterns of word formation and usage across different linguistic contexts .
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derivation
[Kata benda]

a morphological process in language where new words are formed by adding affixes or making internal modifications to a base or root word, resulting in a change in meaning, part of speech, or both

derivasi, pengambilan

derivasi, pengambilan

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inflection
[Kata benda]

(grammar) a change in the structure of a word, usually adding a suffix, according to its grammatical function

infleksi, perubahan bentuk

infleksi, perubahan bentuk

Ex: inflection is essential for mastering highly inflected languages like Finnish .
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back-formation
[Kata benda]

a word-formation process in which a new word is created by removing what is mistakenly perceived as a derivative affix from an existing word, often resulting in a shorter word with a different part of speech

formasi balik, pembentukan balik

formasi balik, pembentukan balik

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compounding
[Kata benda]

a word-formation process in which two or more individual words are combined to create a new word, typically resulting in a compound with a meaning that is related to or derived from the meanings of the individual words

penggabungan, komposisi

penggabungan, komposisi

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conversion
[Kata benda]

a word-formation process in which a word changes its grammatical category or part of speech without any accompanying morphological changes, such as when a noun becomes a verb or a verb becomes a noun

konversi, perubahan bentuk kata

konversi, perubahan bentuk kata

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paradigm
[Kata benda]

a systematic arrangement of inflected forms or word forms that represent the different grammatical variations of a word or morpheme

paradigma, pola

paradigma, pola

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lexicon
[Kata benda]

the complete set of meaningful units in a language or a branch of knowledge, or words or phrases that a speaker uses

leksikon, kosa kata

leksikon, kosa kata

Ex: Building a lexicon through reading and exposure to different contexts enriches one 's language skills and communication abilities .
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clipping
[Kata benda]

the process of shortening a word by dropping one or more syllables

kliping, pendekkan

kliping, pendekkan

Ex: The process of clipping often retains the original word's meaning and can occur in various parts of speech, such as nouns, verbs, and adjectives.
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hypocorism
[Kata benda]

a word-formation process in which a word or name is modified to create a shorter, affectionate, or informal version, often used to express familiarity, endearment, or intimacy

hipokorisme, nama sayang

hipokorisme, nama sayang

Ex: The formation hypocorisms can involve various linguistic processes such as clipping , adding diminutive suffixes , or phonetic modification .
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morphemization
[Kata benda]

the process of creating or treating a group of phonological segments as a distinct morpheme, which carries meaning and can be combined with other morphemes to form words

morfemisasi, proses morfem

morfemisasi, proses morfem

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agglutination
[Kata benda]

a linguistic process where affixes attach to a root word, each keeping a distinct meaning and form

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lexical morpheme
[Kata benda]

a type of morpheme that carries the core lexical or semantic meaning of a word

morpheme leksikal, morfem leksikal

morpheme leksikal, morfem leksikal

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vocabulary
[Kata benda]

all the words used in a particular language or subject

kosakata, perbendaharaan kata

kosakata, perbendaharaan kata

Ex: She uses a vocabulary app on her phone to learn new English words.
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derivative
[Kata benda]

(in linguistics) a word that is developed from another word or base

derivatif, kata turunan

derivatif, kata turunan

Ex: Linguists analyze derivatives evolve over time .
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base
[Kata benda]

the form to which affixes or other morphological operations are added to create a new word

akar kata, dasar kata

akar kata, dasar kata

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nominalization
[Kata benda]

a process in language where a word or phrase, typically a verb or an adjective, is transformed into a noun, either by adding a suffix or by changing its syntactic function, allowing the expression of concepts or actions as nominal entities

nominalisasi, pembentukan nama

nominalisasi, pembentukan nama

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lexicalization
[Kata benda]

a process in which a word or phrase evolves from being a combination of grammatical elements or a non-lexicalized expression to becoming an established lexical unit with its own meaning and usage

lekalisasi, proses penglekalan

lekalisasi, proses penglekalan

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diminutive
[Kata benda]

a word form or affix that is added to a base word to express smallness, endearment, or a sense of familiarity

diminutif, kata peng’cah

diminutif, kata peng’cah

Ex: "Teacup" is a diminutive form of "cup," indicating a smaller version.
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protologism
[Kata benda]

a newly created word or expression that has not yet gained widespread acceptance or recognition within a language community

protologisme, kata baru

protologisme, kata baru

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ghost word
[Kata benda]

a non-existent or erroneous word that has been mistakenly created and entered into a dictionary or other linguistic sources

kata hantu, kata yang tidak ada

kata hantu, kata yang tidak ada

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pseudoword
[Kata benda]

a string of letters or sounds that resemble real words but do not have any actual meaning or lexical representation in a particular language

kata semu, kata palsu

kata semu, kata palsu

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nonce word
[Kata benda]

a term or expression created and used for a specific occasion or context, typically with a limited or one-time purpose, and not intended for long-term or widespread usage

kata satu kali, kata sementara

kata satu kali, kata sementara

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hapax legomenon
[Kata benda]

a word or form that appears only once within a specific corpus or body of text

hapaks legomenon, kata yang muncul sekali

hapaks legomenon, kata yang muncul sekali

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morph
[Kata benda]

the smallest meaningful unit of language that carries a distinct semantic or grammatical function and cannot be further divided into smaller parts with independent meaning

morfem, morfo

morfem, morfo

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morpheme
[Kata benda]

(linguistics) the smallest meaningful unit of a language that does not necessarily stand alone and cannot be divided

morfem, morfem (unit terkecil makna)

morfem, morfem (unit terkecil makna)

Ex: The study morphemes, known as morphology , examines how these units combine to create complex words .
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a type of morpheme that conveys grammatical information and serves a functional role in a sentence, rather than carrying lexical or content-related meaning

morfem fungsional, morfem fungsi

morfem fungsional, morfem fungsi

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lexical unit
[Kata benda]

(linguistics) a word, a group of words or a part of word that has a meaning and forms the basic element of any language

unit leksikal, satuan leksikal

unit leksikal, satuan leksikal

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portmanteau word
[Kata benda]

a new word that is formed by the combination of two other words blending their meaning and sounds

kata portmanteau, kata gabungan

kata portmanteau, kata gabungan

Ex: The creation portmanteau words can be playful and creative , as seen in " chillax , " a combination of " chill " and " relax . "
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lexis
[Kata benda]

(linguistics) all the words and phrases of a language, including the function words

leksis, kosakata

leksis, kosakata

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word
[Kata benda]

(grammar) a unit of language that has a specific meaning

kata, kata benda

kata, kata benda

Ex: Understanding word in a sentence helps with comprehension .
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collocation
[Kata benda]

a particular combination of words that are used together very often

kolokasi, kombinasi kata

kolokasi, kombinasi kata

Ex: The teacher explained the meaning of collocation.
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idiom
[Kata benda]

a group of words or a phrase that has a meaning different from the literal interpretation of its individual words, often specific to a particular language or culture

ungkapan, idiom

ungkapan, idiom

Ex: idiom ' piece of cake ' refers to something that is very easy to do , which has nothing to do with an actual piece of dessert .
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lexical ambiguity
[Kata benda]

a situation in which a word or phrase has multiple meanings or interpretations, often leading to confusion or uncertainty in understanding the intended message or context

ambiguitas leksikal, ketidakjelasan leksikal

ambiguitas leksikal, ketidakjelasan leksikal

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reduplication
[Kata benda]

the process of duplicating all or part of a word or morpheme to create a new form, often with a change in meaning or grammatical function

Reduplikasi, Penggandaan

Reduplikasi, Penggandaan

Ex: Reduplication can serve various functions across languages , including emphasis , diminishment , or the creation of onomatopoeic expressions .
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blocking
[Kata benda]

a phenomenon where the presence of one linguistic form prevents the occurrence or acceptance of another form with a similar meaning or function

pemblokiran, penyangkalan

pemblokiran, penyangkalan

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lexical rule
[Kata benda]

a set of principles or patterns that govern the formation or derivation of words and their meanings within a particular language or lexical system

aturan leksikal, kaidah leksikal

aturan leksikal, kaidah leksikal

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sniglet
[Kata benda]

a playful, made-up word used to describe something for which there is no existing term, often adding humor and creativity to language

sniglet, kata ciptaan

sniglet, kata ciptaan

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the process in which a new word or morpheme is created by combining a sound component that resembles an existing word with a semantic component that reflects its meaning

pencocokan fonosemantik, paduan bunyi dan makna

pencocokan fonosemantik, paduan bunyi dan makna

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