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Verbos Relacionados con Temas de Acciones Humanas - Verbos relacionados con el sistema legal

Aquí aprenderás algunos verbos en inglés relacionados con el sistema legal como "demandar", "formalizar" y "testificar".

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Categorized English Topic-Related Verbs of Human Actions
to punish
to punish
[Verbo]

to cause someone suffering for breaking the law or having done something they should not have

castigar

castigar

Ex: Speeding drivers are often punished with fines to discourage traffic violations. 

Los conductores que exceden los límites de velocidad a menudo son castigados con multas para disuadir las infracciones de tránsito.

to sentence

to officially state the punishment of someone found guilty in a court of law

sentenciar

sentenciar

Ex: The judge carefully considered the evidence before deciding how to sentence the defendant. 

El juez consideró cuidadosamente la evidencia antes de decidir cómo sentenciar al acusado.

to allege
to allege
[Verbo]

to say something is the case without providing proof for it

afirmar

afirmar

Ex: In a heated debate, politicians may allege misconduct by their opponents to gain an advantage. 

En un debate acalorado, los políticos pueden alegar mala conducta por parte de sus oponentes para ganar ventaja.

to accuse
to accuse
[Verbo]

to formally say that someone has done something wrong or illegal, often involving making specific charges against them

acusar

acusar

Ex: In a heated argument, one may accuse another of dishonesty without substantial evidence. 

En una discusión acalorada, uno puede acusar a otro de deshonestidad sin pruebas sustanciales.

to sue
to sue
[Verbo]

to bring a charge against an individual or organization in a law court

demandar

demandar

Ex: The author opted to sue the publisher for copyright infringement. 

El autor optó por demandar al editor por infracción de derechos de autor.

to bail
to bail
[Verbo]

to release someone until their trial after they gave an amount of money to the court

pagar la fianza de

pagar la fianza de

Ex: Right now, the family is bailing the defendant out of custody. 

En este momento, la familia está pagando la fianza para liberar al acusado de la custodia.

to entitle
to entitle
[Verbo]

to give someone the legal right to have or do something particular

dar derecho a

dar derecho a

Ex: Being a citizen of the country will entitle you to certain benefits and privileges. 

Ser ciudadano del país te da derecho a ciertos beneficios y privilegios.

to prosecute

to try to charge someone officially with a crime in a court as the lawyer of the accuser

procesar

procesar

Ex: The prosecutor’s office chose not to prosecute, citing insufficient evidence. 

La fiscalía optó por no procesar, citando pruebas insuficientes.

to enact
to enact
[Verbo]

to approve a proposed law

promulgar

promulgar

Ex: The city council will convene to discuss and possibly enact a zoning ordinance. 

El consejo municipal se reunirá para discutir y posiblemente promulgar una ordenanza de zonificación.

to repeal
to repeal
[Verbo]

to officially cancel a law, regulation, or policy, making it no longer valid or in effect

revocar, derogar

revocar, derogar

Ex: The parliament voted to repeal the restrictions on freedom of speech. 

El parlamento votó para derogar las restricciones sobre la libertad de expresión.

to impeach
to impeach
[Verbo]

to formally charge or accuse someone of a crime or misdemeanor

acusar, imputar

acusar, imputar

Ex: After further investigation, the authorities decided to impeach him for fraud. 

Después de una investigación más profunda, las autoridades decidieron acusarlo por fraude.

to charge
to charge
[Verbo]

to officially accuse someone of an offense

acusar

acusar

Ex: The district attorney is considering whether to charge the defendant with assault. 

El fiscal del distrito está considerando si acusar al acusado de agresión.

to indict
to indict
[Verbo]

to officially accuse a person of a crime

acusar

acusar

Ex: The district attorney may choose to indict individuals involved in public corruption. 

El fiscal de distrito puede optar por acusar a las personas involucradas en corrupción pública.

to imprison

to put someone in prison or keep them somewhere and not let them go

encarcelar

encarcelar

Ex: The decision to imprison the suspect without bail was made due to the flight risk. 

La decisión de encarcelar al sospechoso sin fianza se tomó debido al riesgo de fuga.

to jail
to jail
[Verbo]

to put someone in a designated facility either as punishment or while waiting for legal proceedings

encarcelar, aprisionar

encarcelar, aprisionar

Ex: Authorities have the power to jail those who violate parole or probation conditions. 

Las autoridades tienen el poder de encarcelar a quienes violen las condiciones de libertad condicional o probation.

to intern
to intern
[Verbo]

to restrict someone's freedom by confining them, often done for security, control, or public safety reasons

internar, confinar

internar, confinar

Ex: Authorities decided to intern the protestors temporarily to maintain public order. 

Las autoridades decidieron internar a los manifestantes temporalmente para mantener el orden público.

to incarcerate

to confine someone in prison or a similar facility due to legal reasons or as a form of punishment

encarcelar

encarcelar

Ex: The court's decision to incarcerate the embezzler was based on the severity of the financial fraud. 

La decisión del tribunal de encarcelar al malversador se basó en la gravedad del fraude financiero.

to acquit
to acquit
[Verbo]

to officially decide and declare in a law court that someone is not guilty of a crime

absolver

absolver

Ex: Last month, the court acquitted the accused after a thorough trial. 

El mes pasado, el tribunal absolvió al acusado después de un juicio exhaustivo.

to litigate

to initiate legal action against another party or person

litigar

litigar

Ex: She had to litigate to protect her intellectual property. 

Ella tuvo que litigar para proteger su propiedad intelectual.

to adjudicate

to make a formal decision or judgment about who is right in an argument or dispute

arbitrar, juzgar

arbitrar, juzgar

Ex: The court will adjudicate the divorce proceedings and decide on matters of custody and assets. 

El tribunal adjudicará los procedimientos de divorcio y decidirá sobre cuestiones de custodia y bienes.

to formalize

to make something legally valid

formalizar, legalizar

formalizar, legalizar

Ex: The city council voted to formalize the new zoning laws with immediate effect. 

El consejo municipal votó para formalizar las nuevas leyes de zonificación con efecto inmediato.

to recuse
to recuse
[Verbo]

to formally object or challenge a judge's participation in a case, often due to concerns about their impartiality or potential conflicts of interest

recusar, excusarse

recusar, excusarse

Ex: The party involved in a dispute has the right to recuse a judge if they have concerns about fairness. 

La parte involucrada en una disputa tiene el derecho de recusar a un juez si tiene preocupaciones sobre la imparcialidad.

to penalize

to impose a punishment on someone for a wrongdoing or violation

sancionar, penalizar

sancionar, penalizar

Ex: Companies may penalize employees for breaching ethical standards through disciplinary actions. 

Las empresas pueden penalizar a los empleados por incumplir los estándares éticos mediante acciones disciplinarias.

to subpoena

to officially summon someone to attend a court proceeding, produce evidence, or provide testimony under penalty of law

citación, requerir judicialmente

citación, requerir judicialmente

Ex: The court has the authority to subpoena individuals who may have information about a case. 

El tribunal tiene la autoridad para citación a personas que puedan tener información sobre un caso.

to legalize

to permit something by law, granting people the right or freedom to do it

legalizar

legalizar

Ex: By the time I moved to that country, they had already legalized the sale of alcohol on Sundays. 

Para cuando me mudé a ese país, ya habían legalizado la venta de alcohol los domingos.

to legislate

to create or bring laws into effect through a formal process

legislar

legislar

Ex: In the coming years, governments around the world will need to legislate laws to address emerging technologies. 

En los próximos años, los gobiernos de todo el mundo necesitarán legislar leyes para abordar las tecnologías emergentes.

to forfeit
to forfeit
[Verbo]

to no longer be able to access a right, property, privilege, etc. as a result of violating a law or a punishment for doing something wrong

perder

perder

Ex: Companies involved in environmental violations may forfeit their licenses to operate. 

Las empresas involucradas en violaciones ambientales pueden perder sus licencias para operar.

to testify
to testify
[Verbo]

to make a statement as a witness in court saying something is true

testificar, declarar

testificar, declarar

Ex: Experts may be called to testify regarding their professional opinions on a case. 

Se puede llamar a los expertos a testificar respecto a sus opiniones profesionales sobre un caso.

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