to cause someone suffering for breaking the law or having done something they should not have

惩罚, 处罚
to officially state the punishment of someone found guilty in a court of law

判刑, 宣判
to say something is the case without providing proof for it

声称, 指控
to formally say that someone has done something wrong or illegal, often involving making specific charges against them

指控, 控告
to bring a charge against an individual or organization in a law court

起诉, 控告
to release someone until their trial after they gave an amount of money to the court

保释, 交保
to give someone the legal right to have or do something particular

赋予, 授权
to try to charge someone officially with a crime in a court as the lawyer of the accuser

起诉, 控诉
to approve a proposed law

制定, 通过
to officially cancel a law, regulation, or policy, making it no longer valid or in effect

废除, 撤销
to formally charge or accuse someone of a crime or misdemeanor

弹劾, 控告
to officially accuse someone of an offense

指控, 控告
to officially accuse a person of a crime

控告, 起诉
to put someone in prison or keep them somewhere and not let them go

监禁, 囚禁
to put someone in a designated facility either as punishment or while waiting for legal proceedings

监禁, 拘留
to restrict someone's freedom by confining them, often done for security, control, or public safety reasons

拘留, 限制自由
to confine someone in prison or a similar facility due to legal reasons or as a form of punishment

监禁, 关押
to officially decide and declare in a law court that someone is not guilty of a crime

宣判无罪, 判决无罪
to initiate legal action against another party or person

提起诉讼, 进行诉讼
to make a formal decision or judgment about who is right in an argument or dispute

裁决, 判决
to make something legally valid

使正式化, 依法确立
to formally object or challenge a judge's participation in a case, often due to concerns about their impartiality or potential conflicts of interest

回避, 辞去(法官职务)
to impose a punishment on someone for a wrongdoing or violation

处罚, 惩罚
to officially summon someone to attend a court proceeding, produce evidence, or provide testimony under penalty of law

传票, 传唤
to no longer be able to access a right, property, privilege, etc. as a result of violating a law or a punishment for doing something wrong

放弃, 失去
to make a statement as a witness in court saying something is true

作证, 证明
