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与人类行为相关的主题动词 - 与法律体系相关的动词

在这里,你将学习一些与法律体系相关的英语动词,如“起诉”、“正式化”和“作证”。

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Categorized English Topic-Related Verbs of Human Actions
to punish
[动词]

to cause someone suffering for breaking the law or having done something they should not have

惩罚, 处罚

惩罚, 处罚

Ex: Company policies typically outline consequences to punish employees for unethical behavior in the workplace .公司政策通常概述了**惩罚**员工在工作场所不道德行为的后果。
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to sentence
[动词]

to officially state the punishment of someone found guilty in a court of law

判处

判处

Ex: After the trial , the judge carefully sentenced the convicted murderer .审判后,法官仔细地**判决**了被定罪的凶手。
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to allege
[动词]

to say something is the case without providing proof for it

声称, 无证据地断言

声称, 无证据地断言

Ex: The witness decided to allege that he had seen the suspect near the crime scene , but there was no concrete evidence .目击者决定**声称**他在犯罪现场附近看到了嫌疑人,但没有确凿的证据。
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to accuse
[动词]

to formally say that someone has done something wrong or illegal, often involving making specific charges against them

指控

指控

Ex: In legal proceedings , the defense attorney may accuse the witness of providing false information .在法律诉讼中,辩护律师可能会**指控**证人提供虚假信息。
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to sue
[动词]

to bring a charge against an individual or organization in a law court

起诉, 控告

起诉, 控告

Ex: Last year , the author successfully sued the competitor for plagiarism .去年,作者成功**起诉**了竞争对手的抄袭行为。
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to bail
[动词]

to release someone until their trial after they gave an amount of money to the court

保释, 支付保释金

保释, 支付保释金

Ex: The lawyer worked quickly to bail the defendant , offering the court a substantial sum .律师迅速工作以**保释**被告,向法院提供了一大笔钱。
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to entitle
[动词]

to give someone the legal right to have or do something particular

给予权利, 授权

给予权利, 授权

Ex: Owning property in the neighborhood often entitles residents to certain community privileges .在社区拥有房产通常**赋予**居民某些社区特权。
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to prosecute
[动词]

to try to charge someone officially with a crime in a court as the lawyer of the accuser

起诉, 控告

起诉, 控告

Ex: He hired an expert to help prosecute the case , ensuring every legal angle was covered .他聘请了一位专家来帮助**起诉**此案,确保涵盖了所有法律角度。
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to enact
[动词]

to approve a proposed law

颁布, 通过

颁布, 通过

Ex: The government is currently enacting emergency measures in response to the crisis .政府目前正在**颁布**紧急措施以应对危机。
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to repeal
[动词]

to officially cancel a law, regulation, or policy, making it no longer valid or in effect

废除, 撤销

废除, 撤销

Ex: Right now , activists are repealing laws that disproportionately affect minority populations .目前,活动人士正在**废除**那些对少数族裔人口影响过大的法律。
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to impeach
[动词]

to formally charge or accuse someone of a crime or misdemeanor

弹劾, 控告

弹劾, 控告

Ex: They were about to impeach the manager for his role in the workplace harassment case .他们即将因经理在工作场所骚扰案中的角色而**弹劾**他。
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to charge
[动词]

to officially accuse someone of an offense

指控, 控告

指控, 控告

Ex: Right now , the legal team is charging individuals involved in the corruption scandal .目前,法律团队正在**指控**涉及腐败丑闻的个人。
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to indict
[动词]

to officially accuse a person of a crime

起诉, 控告

起诉, 控告

Ex: The investigators are currently indicting the suspect for money laundering .调查人员目前正在以洗钱罪**起诉**嫌疑人。
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to imprison
[动词]

to put someone in prison or keep them somewhere and not let them go

监禁, 关押

监禁, 关押

Ex: By the end of the day , the court will have hopefully imprisoned all suspects involved in the case .到一天结束时,法院将有希望**监禁**所有涉及此案的嫌疑人。
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to jail
[动词]

to put someone in a designated facility either as punishment or while waiting for legal proceedings

监禁, 关押

监禁, 关押

Ex: Right now , the legal system is jailing individuals for offenses against public safety .目前,法律制度正在因危害公共安全的罪行而**监禁**个人。
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to intern
[动词]

to restrict someone's freedom by confining them, often done for security, control, or public safety reasons

拘留, 拘禁

拘留, 拘禁

Ex: During a state of emergency, authorities have the power to intern individuals for public safety.在紧急状态期间,当局有权出于公共安全考虑**拘留**个人。
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to confine someone in prison or a similar facility due to legal reasons or as a form of punishment

监禁,  关押

监禁, 关押

Ex: The judge may choose to incarcerate someone convicted of repeated offenses to protect the community .法官可能会选择**监禁**那些因屡次犯罪而被定罪的人以保护社区。
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to acquit
[动词]

to officially decide and declare in a law court that someone is not guilty of a crime

宣判无罪, 宣告无罪

宣判无罪, 宣告无罪

Ex: The exoneration process ultimately led to the court 's decision to acquit the defendant of all charges .免责程序最终导致法院决定**无罪释放**被告的所有指控。
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to litigate
[动词]

to initiate legal action against another party or person

提起诉讼, 打官司

提起诉讼, 打官司

Ex: She had to litigate to protect her intellectual property .她不得不**提起诉讼**以保护她的知识产权。
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to make a formal decision or judgment about who is right in an argument or dispute

裁决, 判决

裁决, 判决

Ex: Last month , the mediator was persistently adjudicating conflicts between the parties .上个月,调解人坚持不懈地**裁决**各方之间的冲突。
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to formalize
[动词]

to make something legally valid

正式化, 使合法化

正式化, 使合法化

Ex: The committee unexpectedly formalized the new rules governing membership .委员会出人意料地**正式确定**了管理会员资格的新规则。
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to recuse
[动词]

to formally object or challenge a judge's participation in a case, often due to concerns about their impartiality or potential conflicts of interest

回避, 退出

回避, 退出

Ex: Attorneys may strategically recuse judges to ensure a fair trial and maintain public trust .律师可能会策略性地**回避**法官,以确保公正审判并保持公众信任。
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to penalize
[动词]

to impose a punishment on someone for a wrongdoing or violation

惩罚, 处罚

惩罚, 处罚

Ex: By the end of the day , the school will have hopefully penalized those who cheated on the exam .到一天结束时,学校将有望**惩罚**那些在考试中作弊的人。
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to subpoena
[动词]

to officially summon someone to attend a court proceeding, produce evidence, or provide testimony under penalty of law

传唤, 强制作证

传唤, 强制作证

Ex: If necessary , the prosecutor will likely subpoena the expert witness for the upcoming trial .如有必要,检察官可能会**传唤**专家证人出庭作证。
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to legalize
[动词]

to permit something by law, granting people the right or freedom to do it

合法化, 通过法律允许

合法化, 通过法律允许

Ex: Some countries are looking to legalize the use of cryptocurrency for everyday transactions .一些国家正在考虑**合法化**加密货币用于日常交易。
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to legislate
[动词]

to create or bring laws into effect through a formal process

立法, 制定法律

立法, 制定法律

Ex: The parliament is set to legislate a minimum wage increase in the next session .议会准备在下一届会议上**立法**提高最低工资。
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to forfeit
[动词]

to no longer be able to access a right, property, privilege, etc. as a result of violating a law or a punishment for doing something wrong

丧失, 没收

丧失, 没收

Ex: Failure to comply with regulations may lead businesses to forfeit their operating permits .不遵守法规可能会导致企业**丧失**其经营许可证。
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to testify
[动词]

to make a statement as a witness in court saying something is true

作证, 证明

作证, 证明

Ex: The court relies on witnesses who are willing to testify truthfully for a fair trial .法院依赖于愿意为公正审判而诚实**作证**的证人。
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