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Lista de Palabras Nivel C1 - Ley y Orden

Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés sobre la ley y el orden, como "sue", "detain", "advocate", etc. preparadas para estudiantes de C1.

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CEFR C1 Vocabulary
to sue
[Verbo]

to bring a charge against an individual or organization in a law court

demandar

demandar

Ex: Last year , the author successfully sued the competitor for plagiarism .El año pasado, el autor **demandó** con éxito al competidor por plagio.
to acquit
[Verbo]

to officially decide and declare in a law court that someone is not guilty of a crime

absolver

absolver

Ex: The exoneration process ultimately led to the court 's decision to acquit the defendant of all charges .El proceso de exoneración finalmente llevó a la decisión del tribunal de **absolver** al acusado de todos los cargos.
to bail
[Verbo]

to release someone until their trial after they gave an amount of money to the court

pagar la fianza de

pagar la fianza de

Ex: The lawyer worked quickly to bail the defendant , offering the court a substantial sum .El abogado trabajó rápidamente para **libertad bajo fianza** al acusado, ofreciendo al tribunal una suma sustancial.
to condemn
[Verbo]

to give a severe punishment to someone who has committed a major crime

condenar

condenar

Ex: The court condemned the drug lord to decades behind bars for trafficking large quantities of illegal substances .El tribunal **condenó** al capo de la droga a décadas entre rejas por traficar grandes cantidades de sustancias ilegales.
to convict
[Verbo]

to announce officially that someone is guilty of a crime in a court of law

condenar

condenar

Ex: Over the years , the legal system has occasionally convicted high-profile figures for various offenses .A lo largo de los años, el sistema legal ha **condenado** ocasionalmente a figuras prominentes por diversos delitos.
to detain
[Verbo]

to officially hold someone in a place, such as a jail, and not let them go

detener, arrestar

detener, arrestar

Ex: The store security may detain shoplifters until the arrival of law enforcement .La seguridad de la tienda puede **detener** a los ladrones hasta la llegada de las fuerzas del orden.
to enforce
[Verbo]

to ensure that a law or rule is followed

hacer cumplir, hacer valer

hacer cumplir, hacer valer

Ex: Security personnel enforce the venue 's rules to ensure the safety and enjoyment of all attendees .El personal de seguridad **hace cumplir** las reglas del lugar para garantizar la seguridad y el disfrute de todos los asistentes.

to create or bring laws into effect through a formal process

legislar

legislar

Ex: The parliament is set to legislate a minimum wage increase in the next session .El parlamento está listo para **legislar** un aumento del salario mínimo en la próxima sesión.

to try to charge someone officially with a crime in a court as the lawyer of the accuser

procesar

procesar

Ex: He hired an expert to help prosecute the case , ensuring every legal angle was covered .Contrató a un experto para ayudar a **procesar** el caso, asegurándose de que todos los ángulos legales estuvieran cubiertos.
to testify
[Verbo]

to make a statement as a witness in court saying something is true

testificar, declarar

testificar, declarar

Ex: The court relies on witnesses who are willing to testify truthfully for a fair trial .El tribunal depende de testigos que están dispuestos a **testificar** con veracidad para un juicio justo.
advocate
[Sustantivo]

an authorized practitioner of law who defends a person's case in a courtroom

abogado

abogado

Ex: The judge commended the advocate for their thorough preparation and professionalism during the trial .El juez elogió al **abogado** por su preparación exhaustiva y profesionalismo durante el juicio.

a law enforcement agency controlled by the central government that deals with crimes that involve more than one state

FBI

FBI

Ex: The Federal Bureau of Investigation has a rigorous training program for its new recruits , ensuring they are well-prepared for their duties .La **Oficina Federal de Investigación** tiene un programa de entrenamiento riguroso para sus nuevos reclutas, asegurando que estén bien preparados para sus deberes.
cop
[Sustantivo]

someone who works as one of the members of a police force

poli

poli

Ex: The cops worked together to solve the complex case and bring the perpetrator to justice .Los **policías** trabajaron juntos para resolver el caso complejo y llevar al perpetrador ante la justicia.
plain-clothes
[Adjetivo]

(of a police officer) dressed in civilian clothes while on duty

de civil, en ropa de civil

de civil, en ropa de civil

Ex: The plain-clothes team infiltrated the criminal organization to gather intelligence on their activities .El equipo de **civil** se infiltró en la organización criminal para recopilar información sobre sus actividades.
handcuff
[Sustantivo]

a pair of rings made of metal with a chain attached to them, used for putting on the wrists of prisoners

esposas

esposas

Ex: She heard the distinct sound of handcuffs clicking shut as the police secured the suspect .Ella escuchó el sonido distintivo de los **grilletes** al cerrarse mientras la policía aseguraba al sospechoso.
patrol
[Sustantivo]

the act of going around a place at regular intervals to prevent a crime or wrongdoing from being committed

patrulla

patrulla

Ex: Neighborhood watch volunteers took turns patrolling the streets to deter vandalism and theft.Los voluntarios de la vigilancia del vecindario se turnaron para **patrullar** las calles y disuadir el vandalismo y el robo.
defendant
[Sustantivo]

a person in a law court who is sued by someone else or is accused of committing a crime

acusado

acusado

Ex: The defendant remained composed throughout the trial , maintaining innocence despite the prosecution 's strong arguments .El **acusado** permaneció sereno durante todo el juicio, manteniendo su inocencia a pesar de los fuertes argumentos de la fiscalía.
juvenile
[Sustantivo]

a young person who has not reached adulthood yet

menor, joven

menor, joven

Ex: The judge sentenced the juvenile to community service as part of their probation .El juez sentenció al **juvenil** a servicio comunitario como parte de su libertad condicional.
magistrate
[Sustantivo]

a person who acts as a judge in a law court and deals with minor offenses

juez de paz

juez de paz

Ex: Magistrates play a crucial role in the judicial system , handling a wide range of cases from traffic violations to minor criminal offenses .Los **magistrados** desempeñan un papel crucial en el sistema judicial, manejando una amplia gama de casos desde violaciones de tráfico hasta delitos menores.
outlaw
[Sustantivo]

a person who operates outside the boundaries of established rules and may engage in illegal activities

bandido, bandolero

bandido, bandolero

Ex: In the 1920s , Al Capone gained notoriety as a Chicago-based outlaw involved in organized crime .En la década de 1920, Al Capone ganó notoriedad como un **forajido** con base en Chicago involucrado en el crimen organizado.
bond
[Sustantivo]

(law) an amount of money paid to temporarily release a person from prison until their trial

fianza

fianza

Ex: The family pooled their resources to pay the bond and secure their loved one 's temporary freedom pending trial .La familia reunió sus recursos para pagar la **fianza** y asegurar la libertad temporal de su ser querido hasta el juicio.
court order
[Sustantivo]

an order given by a judge or court regarding a case

mandato judicial, orden judicial

mandato judicial, orden judicial

Ex: The court order provided clear instructions on the division of property following the divorce proceedings .La **orden judicial** proporcionó instrucciones claras sobre la división de bienes después del proceso de divorcio.
lawsuit
[Sustantivo]

a complaint or claim that someone brings to a law court for settlement

pleito, demanda, juicio

pleito, demanda, juicio

Ex: The lawsuit dragged on for years , causing financial strain on both parties involved .El **juicio** se prolongó durante años, causando tensión financiera a ambas partes involucradas.
hearing
[Sustantivo]

(law) an official gathering in a court of law, especially without the presence of the jury, to find out information about a case and listen to evidence

audiencia, vista

audiencia, vista

Ex: The judge called for a competency hearing to determine if the defendant was fit to stand trial .El juez solicitó una **audiencia** de competencia para determinar si el acusado estaba en condiciones de ser juzgado.
custody
[Sustantivo]

a state in which a person is kept in jail or prison, particularly while waiting to be tried

detención

detención

Ex: The inmate was released from custody after serving his sentence .El recluso fue liberado de **custodia** después de cumplir su condena.
declaration
[Sustantivo]

(law) an official written document that people sign to agree on something or accept something as true

declaración

declaración

Ex: The company issued a declaration of compliance with industry standards to assure consumers of their product 's safety .
guilt
[Sustantivo]

the state of having committed an offense or crime

culpabilidad

culpabilidad

Ex: She could n't shake the feeling of guilt after the accident , even though it was n't her fault .No podía sacudirse el sentimiento de **culpa** después del accidente, aunque no fue su culpa.
innocence
[Sustantivo]

the state of not being guilty of a crime or offense

inocencia

inocencia

Ex: She was released from prison after DNA evidence proved her innocence.Fue liberada de la cárcel después de que pruebas de ADN demostraran su **inocencia**.
legalization
[Sustantivo]

the action or process of making something legal

legalización

legalización

Ex: The country 's legalization of abortion was met with both support and opposition from various groups .La **legalización** del aborto en el país fue recibida con apoyo y oposición de varios grupos.
pro bono
[Adjetivo]

referring to a legal work that is done free of charge, often by a lawyer

pro bono, gratuito

pro bono, gratuito

Ex: Pro bono work allows legal professionals to contribute their expertise to important social causes .El trabajo **pro bono** permite a los profesionales del derecho contribuir con su experiencia a causas sociales importantes.
plea
[Sustantivo]

(law) a formal statement made by someone confirming or denying their accusation

declaración

declaración

Ex: The defense attorney argued for a reduction in charges based on the plea bargain negotiated with the prosecution.El abogado defensor argumentó a favor de una reducción de cargos basada en el **pleito** negociado con la fiscalía.
testimony
[Sustantivo]

a formal statement saying something is true, particularly made by a witness in court

testimonio, declaración

testimonio, declaración

Ex: The defense attorney cross-examined the witness to challenge the credibility of their testimony.El abogado defensor interrogó al testigo para desafiar la credibilidad de su **testimonio**.
verdict
[Sustantivo]

an official decision made by the jury in a court after the legal proceedings

veredicto

veredicto

Ex: The media reported on the landmark verdict that set a new precedent in criminal law .Los medios informaron sobre el **veredicto** histórico que sentó un nuevo precedente en el derecho penal.
warrant
[Sustantivo]

an order issued by a judge that authorizes the police to take specific actions

orden judicial

orden judicial

Ex: He challenged the validity of the warrant, arguing that it lacked probable cause .Cuestionó la validez de la **orden**, argumentando que carecía de causa probable.
applicable
[Adjetivo]

relevant to someone or something in a particular context or situation

aplicable, pertinente

aplicable, pertinente

Ex: These principles are applicable across various industries and disciplines .Estos principios son **aplicables** en diversas industrias y disciplinas.
invalid
[Adjetivo]

officially or legally unacceptable

inválido

inválido

Ex: The warranty on the product became invalid after the customer attempted to repair it themselves .La garantía del producto se volvió **inválida** después de que el cliente intentó repararlo por sí mismo.
judicial
[Adjetivo]

belonging or appropriate for a court, a judge, or the administration of justice

judicial

judicial

Ex: Lawyers play a crucial role in presenting arguments and evidence before the judicial authorities .Los abogados desempeñan un papel crucial al presentar argumentos y pruebas ante las autoridades **judiciales**.
liable
[Adjetivo]

legally held accountable for the cost of something

responsable

responsable

Ex: Businesses can be held liable for injuries sustained by customers on their premises .Las empresas pueden ser **responsables** de las lesiones sufridas por los clientes en sus instalaciones.
regulatory
[Adjetivo]

creating and enforcing rules or regulations to control or govern a particular activity or industry

regulador

regulador

Ex: The airline industry is subject to strict regulatory oversight to ensure passenger safety .La industria aeronáutica está sujeta a una supervisión **regulatoria** estricta para garantizar la seguridad de los pasajeros.
undercover
[Adjetivo]

working or conducted secretly under the supervision of a law enforcement agency to gather information or catch criminals

secreto, clandestino

secreto, clandestino

Ex: The undercover journalist exposed corruption in the local government through their investigative reporting .El periodista **encubierto** expuso la corrupción en el gobierno local a través de su reportaje de investigación.
lethal
[Adjetivo]

capable of causing death

mortal, letal

mortal, letal

Ex: The doctor warned that the patient 's cancer had progressed to a lethal stage , with limited treatment options available .El médico advirtió que el cáncer del paciente había progresado a una etapa **letal**, con opciones de tratamiento limitadas disponibles.
to declare
[Verbo]

to officially tell people something

declarar, manifestar

declarar, manifestar

Ex: He declared his intention to run for mayor in the upcoming election .Él **declaró** su intención de postularse para alcalde en las próximas elecciones.
hearsay
[Sustantivo]

(law) restatement of other people's words by a witness in a law court, which is not counted as evidence

testimonio de oídas

testimonio de oídas

Ex: The defense attorney cross-examined the witness to challenge the credibility of their hearsay testimony .El abogado defensor interrogó al testigo para desafiar la credibilidad de su testimonio **de oídas**.
public prosecutor
[Sustantivo]

a lawyer employed by a government, whose job is to prove that a person is guilty of a crime in a law court

fiscal público, procurador público

fiscal público, procurador público

Ex: The public prosecutor's office works closely with law enforcement agencies to gather evidence for trials .La **fiscalía pública** trabaja en estrecha colaboración con los organismos encargados de hacer cumplir la ley para recopilar pruebas para los juicios.
to rat out
[Verbo]

to inform an authority about the wrongdoings or crimes of others

delatar, chivarse

delatar, chivarse

Ex: He decided to rat out his colleagues involved in the illegal activities .Decidió **delatar** a sus colegas involucrados en actividades ilegales.
to pinch
[Verbo]

to take someone into custody

detener, agarrar

detener, agarrar

Ex: The detectives pinched the suspect as he tried to board the train.Los detectives **detuvieron** al sospechoso cuando intentaba subir al tren.
class action
[Sustantivo]

a lawsuit concerning a problem that is shared by a group of people, which is brought to a law court on behalf of all

acción colectiva, demanda colectiva

acción colectiva, demanda colectiva

Ex: Class action litigation often involves complex legal issues and extensive discovery processes .La **acción colectiva** a menudo implica cuestiones legales complejas y procesos de descubrimiento extensos.
Lista de Palabras Nivel C1
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