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C1级单词表 - 法律与秩序

在这里,您将学习一些关于法律和秩序的英语单词,例如“起诉”、“拘留”、“律师”等,为C1级学习者准备。

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CEFR C1 Vocabulary
to sue
[动词]

to bring a charge against an individual or organization in a law court

起诉, 控告

起诉, 控告

Ex: Last year , the author successfully sued the competitor for plagiarism .去年,作者成功**起诉**了竞争对手的抄袭行为。
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to acquit
[动词]

to officially decide and declare in a law court that someone is not guilty of a crime

宣判无罪, 宣告无罪

宣判无罪, 宣告无罪

Ex: The exoneration process ultimately led to the court 's decision to acquit the defendant of all charges .免责程序最终导致法院决定**无罪释放**被告的所有指控。
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to bail
[动词]

to release someone until their trial after they gave an amount of money to the court

保释, 支付保释金

保释, 支付保释金

Ex: The lawyer worked quickly to bail the defendant , offering the court a substantial sum .律师迅速工作以**保释**被告,向法院提供了一大笔钱。
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to condemn
[动词]

to give a severe punishment to someone who has committed a major crime

谴责, 严惩

谴责, 严惩

Ex: The court condemned the drug lord to decades behind bars for trafficking large quantities of illegal substances .法院因贩运大量非法物质**判处**毒枭数十年监禁。
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to convict
[动词]

to announce officially that someone is guilty of a crime in a court of law

定罪, 宣告有罪

定罪, 宣告有罪

Ex: Over the years , the legal system has occasionally convicted high-profile figures for various offenses .多年来,法律体系偶尔会因各种罪行**定罪**一些高调人物。
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to detain
[动词]

to officially hold someone in a place, such as a jail, and not let them go

拘留,  扣留

拘留, 扣留

Ex: The store security may detain shoplifters until the arrival of law enforcement .商店保安可以**拘留**扒手,直到执法人员到达。
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to enforce
[动词]

to ensure that a law or rule is followed

执行, 确保遵守

执行, 确保遵守

Ex: Security personnel enforce the venue 's rules to ensure the safety and enjoyment of all attendees .安保人员**执行**场馆的规则,以确保所有参与者的安全和享受。
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to legislate
[动词]

to create or bring laws into effect through a formal process

立法, 制定法律

立法, 制定法律

Ex: The parliament is set to legislate a minimum wage increase in the next session .议会准备在下一届会议上**立法**提高最低工资。
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to prosecute
[动词]

to try to charge someone officially with a crime in a court as the lawyer of the accuser

起诉, 控告

起诉, 控告

Ex: He hired an expert to help prosecute the case , ensuring every legal angle was covered .他聘请了一位专家来帮助**起诉**此案,确保涵盖了所有法律角度。
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to testify
[动词]

to make a statement as a witness in court saying something is true

作证, 证明

作证, 证明

Ex: The court relies on witnesses who are willing to testify truthfully for a fair trial .法院依赖于愿意为公正审判而诚实**作证**的证人。
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advocate
[名词]

an authorized practitioner of law who defends a person's case in a courtroom

律师, 辩护人

律师, 辩护人

Ex: The judge commended the advocate for their thorough preparation and professionalism during the trial .法官称赞了**律师**在审判期间的充分准备和专业精神。
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a law enforcement agency controlled by the central government that deals with crimes that involve more than one state

联邦调查局, 联邦调查署

联邦调查局, 联邦调查署

Ex: The Federal Bureau of Investigation has a rigorous training program for its new recruits , ensuring they are well-prepared for their duties .**联邦调查局**有一个严格的新员工培训计划,确保他们为职责做好充分准备。
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cop
[名词]

someone who works as one of the members of a police force

警察, 条子

警察, 条子

Ex: The cops worked together to solve the complex case and bring the perpetrator to justice .**警察**们共同努力解决了这起复杂的案件,并将肇事者绳之以法。
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plain-clothes
[形容词]

(of a police officer) dressed in civilian clothes while on duty

便衣, 穿便衣的

便衣, 穿便衣的

Ex: The plain-clothes team infiltrated the criminal organization to gather intelligence on their activities .**便衣**小组潜入犯罪组织,收集有关他们活动的情报。
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handcuff
[名词]

a pair of rings made of metal with a chain attached to them, used for putting on the wrists of prisoners

手铐, 镣铐

手铐, 镣铐

Ex: She heard the distinct sound of handcuffs clicking shut as the police secured the suspect .当警察控制住嫌疑人时,她听到了**手铐**咔哒一声锁上的清晰声音。
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patrol
[名词]

the act of going around a place at regular intervals to prevent a crime or wrongdoing from being committed

巡逻

巡逻

Ex: Neighborhood watch volunteers took turns patrolling the streets to deter vandalism and theft.邻里守望志愿者们轮流在街上**巡逻**,以阻止破坏和盗窃行为。
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defendant
[名词]

a person in a law court who is sued by someone else or is accused of committing a crime

被告, 被告人

被告, 被告人

Ex: The defendant remained composed throughout the trial , maintaining innocence despite the prosecution 's strong arguments .**被告**在整个审判过程中保持冷静,尽管检方提出了强有力的论点,但仍坚持自己的清白。
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juvenile
[名词]

a young person who has not reached adulthood yet

少年, 年轻人

少年, 年轻人

Ex: The judge sentenced the juvenile to community service as part of their probation .法官判处**少年**作为其缓刑的一部分进行社区服务。
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magistrate
[名词]

a person who acts as a judge in a law court and deals with minor offenses

地方法官, 裁判官

地方法官, 裁判官

Ex: Magistrates play a crucial role in the judicial system , handling a wide range of cases from traffic violations to minor criminal offenses .**地方法官**在司法系统中扮演着至关重要的角色,处理从交通违规到轻微刑事犯罪的各种案件。
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outlaw
[名词]

a person who operates outside the boundaries of established rules and may engage in illegal activities

亡命之徒, 匪徒

亡命之徒, 匪徒

Ex: In the 1920s , Al Capone gained notoriety as a Chicago-based outlaw involved in organized crime .在1920年代,阿尔·卡彭作为芝加哥基地的**亡命之徒**参与了有组织犯罪而声名狼藉。
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bond
[名词]

(law) an amount of money paid to temporarily release a person from prison until their trial

保释金, 保证金

保释金, 保证金

Ex: The family pooled their resources to pay the bond and secure their loved one 's temporary freedom pending trial .家人集资支付**保释金**,以确保他们亲人在审判前的暂时自由。
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court order
[名词]

an order given by a judge or court regarding a case

法庭命令, 法院令

法庭命令, 法院令

Ex: The court order provided clear instructions on the division of property following the divorce proceedings .**法院命令**对离婚诉讼后的财产分割提供了明确的指示。
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lawsuit
[名词]

a complaint or claim that someone brings to a law court for settlement

诉讼, 官司

诉讼, 官司

Ex: The lawsuit dragged on for years , causing financial strain on both parties involved .**诉讼**拖了多年,给双方带来了经济压力。
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hearing
[名词]

(law) an official gathering in a court of law, especially without the presence of the jury, to find out information about a case and listen to evidence

听证会, 庭审

听证会, 庭审

Ex: The judge called for a competency hearing to determine if the defendant was fit to stand trial .法官要求进行能力**听证会**以确定被告是否适合受审。
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custody
[名词]

a state in which a person is kept in jail or prison, particularly while waiting to be tried

拘留, 羁押

拘留, 羁押

Ex: The inmate was released from custody after serving his sentence .在服刑期满后,这名囚犯从**拘留**中被释放。
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declaration
[名词]

(law) an official written document that people sign to agree on something or accept something as true

声明

声明

Ex: The company issued a declaration of compliance with industry standards to assure consumers of their product 's safety .
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guilt
[名词]

the state of having committed an offense or crime

内疚

内疚

Ex: She could n't shake the feeling of guilt after the accident , even though it was n't her fault .事故发生后,尽管不是她的错,她仍无法摆脱**内疚**感。
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innocence
[名词]

the state of not being guilty of a crime or offense

无辜, 无罪的状态

无辜, 无罪的状态

Ex: She was released from prison after DNA evidence proved her innocence.DNA证据证明她的**清白**后,她被从监狱释放。
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legalization
[名词]

the action or process of making something legal

合法化, 法律认可

合法化, 法律认可

Ex: The country 's legalization of abortion was met with both support and opposition from various groups .该国堕胎的**合法化**遭到了各团体的支持和反对。
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pro bono
[形容词]

referring to a legal work that is done free of charge, often by a lawyer

无偿, 免费

无偿, 免费

Ex: Pro bono work allows legal professionals to contribute their expertise to important social causes .**无偿**工作使法律专业人士能够将其专业知识贡献给重要的社会事业。
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plea
[名词]

(law) a formal statement made by someone confirming or denying their accusation

陈述, 抗辩

陈述, 抗辩

Ex: The defense attorney argued for a reduction in charges based on the plea bargain negotiated with the prosecution.辩护律师基于与检方协商的**认罪协议**,主张减少指控。
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testimony
[名词]

a formal statement saying something is true, particularly made by a witness in court

证词, 证言

证词, 证言

Ex: The defense attorney cross-examined the witness to challenge the credibility of their testimony.辩护律师盘问了证人,以质疑其**证词**的可信度。
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verdict
[名词]

an official decision made by the jury in a court after the legal proceedings

裁决, 判决

裁决, 判决

Ex: The media reported on the landmark verdict that set a new precedent in criminal law .媒体报道了这一具有里程碑意义的**判决**,为刑法设立了新的先例。
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warrant
[名词]

an order issued by a judge that authorizes the police to take specific actions

令状

令状

Ex: He challenged the validity of the warrant, arguing that it lacked probable cause .他对**逮捕令**的有效性提出质疑,认为其缺乏合理依据。
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applicable
[形容词]

relevant to someone or something in a particular context or situation

适用的, 相关的

适用的, 相关的

Ex: These principles are applicable across various industries and disciplines .这些原则**适用于**各个行业和学科。
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invalid
[形容词]

officially or legally unacceptable

无效的, 失效的

无效的, 失效的

Ex: The warranty on the product became invalid after the customer attempted to repair it themselves .客户尝试自行修理后,产品的保修变得**无效**。
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judicial
[形容词]

belonging or appropriate for a court, a judge, or the administration of justice

司法的

司法的

Ex: Lawyers play a crucial role in presenting arguments and evidence before the judicial authorities .律师在向**司法**当局提出论据和证据方面发挥着至关重要的作用。
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liable
[形容词]

legally held accountable for the cost of something

有责任的, 应负责任的

有责任的, 应负责任的

Ex: Businesses can be held liable for injuries sustained by customers on their premises .企业可能要对顾客在其场所内受到的伤害**负责**。
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regulatory
[形容词]

creating and enforcing rules or regulations to control or govern a particular activity or industry

监管的, 规制的

监管的, 规制的

Ex: The airline industry is subject to strict regulatory oversight to ensure passenger safety .航空业受到严格的**监管**监督,以确保乘客安全。
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undercover
[形容词]

working or conducted secretly under the supervision of a law enforcement agency to gather information or catch criminals

卧底, 秘密的

卧底, 秘密的

Ex: The undercover journalist exposed corruption in the local government through their investigative reporting .**卧底**记者通过他们的调查报道揭露了地方政府的腐败。
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lethal
[形容词]

capable of causing death

致命的, 致死的

致命的, 致死的

Ex: The doctor warned that the patient 's cancer had progressed to a lethal stage , with limited treatment options available .医生警告说,患者的癌症已经发展到**致命**阶段,可用的治疗选择有限。
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to declare
[动词]

to officially tell people something

宣布, 声明

宣布, 声明

Ex: He declared his intention to run for mayor in the upcoming election .他**宣布**了在即将到来的选举中竞选市长的意图。
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hearsay
[名词]

(law) restatement of other people's words by a witness in a law court, which is not counted as evidence

传闻

传闻

Ex: The defense attorney cross-examined the witness to challenge the credibility of their hearsay testimony .辩护律师盘问了证人,以质疑他们**传闻**证词的可信度。
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a lawyer employed by a government, whose job is to prove that a person is guilty of a crime in a law court

公诉人, 检察官

公诉人, 检察官

Ex: The public prosecutor's office works closely with law enforcement agencies to gather evidence for trials .**检察院**与执法机构密切合作,为审判收集证据。
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to rat out
[动词]

to inform an authority about the wrongdoings or crimes of others

告发, 出卖

告发, 出卖

Ex: He decided to rat out his colleagues involved in the illegal activities .他决定**告发**参与非法活动的同事。
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to pinch
[动词]

to take someone into custody

逮捕, 抓住

逮捕, 抓住

Ex: The detectives pinched the suspect as he tried to board the train.侦探们在嫌疑人试图登上火车时**逮捕**了他。
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class action
[名词]

a lawsuit concerning a problem that is shared by a group of people, which is brought to a law court on behalf of all

集体诉讼, 集体行动

集体诉讼, 集体行动

Ex: Class action litigation often involves complex legal issues and extensive discovery processes .**集体诉讼**通常涉及复杂的法律问题和广泛的发现过程。
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C1级单词表
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