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Список Слов Уровня C1 - Закон и порядок

Здесь вы выучите некоторые английские слова о законе и порядке, такие как "судиться", "задерживать", "адвокат" и т.д., подготовленные для учащихся уровня C1.

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CEFR C1 Vocabulary
to sue
to sue
[глагол]

to bring a charge against an individual or organization in a law court

подавать иск

подавать иск

Ex: The dissatisfied customer decided to sue the company for breach of contract. 
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to acquit
to acquit
[глагол]

to officially decide and declare in a law court that someone is not guilty of a crime

оправдывать

оправдывать

Ex: The company was accused of wrongdoing, but after a thorough investigation, they were acquitted of any illegal activities. 
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to bail
to bail
[глагол]

to release someone until their trial after they gave an amount of money to the court

вносить залог

вносить залог

Ex: After being arrested, the accused had the option to bail themselves by paying the required bail. 
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to condemn
to condemn
[глагол]

to give a severe punishment to someone who has committed a major crime

осуждать

осуждать

Ex: The court condemned the serial killer to life imprisonment without the possibility of parole. 
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to convict
to convict
[глагол]

to announce officially that someone is guilty of a crime in a court of law

осудить

осудить

Ex: The jury deliberated and decided to convict the defendant of murder. 
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to detain
to detain
[глагол]

to officially hold someone in a place, such as a jail, and not let them go

задержать

задержать

Ex: The immigration officers have the authority to detain individuals entering the country illegally. 
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to enforce
to enforce
[глагол]

to ensure that a law or rule is followed

обеспечивать исполнение

обеспечивать исполнение

Ex: The police are tasked with enforcing the laws to maintain public order. 
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to legislate
to legislate
[глагол]

to create or bring laws into effect through a formal process

издавать закон

издавать закон

Ex: They are currently legislating new measures to address environmental concerns. 
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to prosecute
to prosecute
[глагол]

to try to charge someone officially with a crime in a court as the lawyer of the accuser

преследовать в судебном порядке

преследовать в судебном порядке

Ex: The lawyer was hired to prosecute the case on behalf of the victim’s family. 
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to testify
to testify
[глагол]

to make a statement as a witness in court saying something is true

свидетельствовать

свидетельствовать

Ex: Witnesses are called to testify about what they saw during the accident. 
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advocate
advocate
[существительное]

an authorized practitioner of law who defends a person's case in a courtroom

защитник, адвокат

защитник, адвокат

Ex: The advocate presented a compelling argument in defense of his client. 
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Federal Bureau of Investigation
Federal Bureau of Investigation
[существительное]

a law enforcement agency controlled by the central government that deals with crimes that involve more than one state

ФБР, федеральное бюро расследований

ФБР, федеральное бюро расследований

Ex: The Federal Bureau of Investigation launched an investigation into the high-profile cybercrime case. 
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cop
cop
[существительное]

someone who works as one of the members of a police force

полицейский

полицейский

Ex: The cop patrolled the neighborhood to ensure the safety of residents. 
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plain-clothes
plain-clothes
[прилагательное]

(of a police officer) dressed in civilian clothes while on duty

гражданская одежда, штатская одежда

гражданская одежда, штатская одежда

Ex: The detectives dressed in plain-clothes to blend in with the crowd during the undercover operation. 
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handcuff
handcuff
[существительное]

a pair of rings made of metal with a chain attached to them, used for putting on the wrists of prisoners

наручники

наручники

Ex: The police officer placed the suspect's hands in handcuffs after arresting him. 
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patrol
patrol
[существительное]

the act of going around a place at regular intervals to prevent a crime or wrongdoing from being committed

патрулирование

патрулирование

Ex: The police officer conducted a patrol of the neighborhood to ensure the safety of residents. 
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defendant
defendant
[существительное]

a person in a law court who is sued by someone else or is accused of committing a crime

ответчик

ответчик

Ex: The defendant pleaded not guilty to the charges of theft and fraud. 
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juvenile
juvenile
[существительное]

a young person who has not reached adulthood yet

подросток

подросток

Ex: The juvenile was sent to a rehabilitation center after being convicted of vandalism. 
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magistrate
magistrate
[существительное]

a person who acts as a judge in a law court and deals with minor offenses

магистрат

магистрат

Ex: The magistrate presided over the small claims court, resolving disputes between individuals. 
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outlaw
outlaw
[существительное]

a person who operates outside the boundaries of established rules and may engage in illegal activities

преступник

преступник

Ex: During the Wild West era, many outlaws sought refuge in remote hideouts to evade law enforcement. 
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bond
bond
[существительное]

(law) an amount of money paid to temporarily release a person from prison until their trial

облигация

облигация

Ex: The judge set the bail bond at $10,000 for the defendant's release from custody. 
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court order
court order
[существительное]

an order given by a judge or court regarding a case

решение суда

решение суда

Ex: The judge issued a court order requiring the company to cease operations until further notice. 
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lawsuit
lawsuit
[существительное]

a complaint or claim that someone brings to a law court for settlement

иск

иск

Ex: She filed a lawsuit against the company for wrongful termination. 
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hearing
hearing
[существительное]

(law) an official gathering in a court of law, especially without the presence of the jury, to find out information about a case and listen to evidence

слушание

слушание

Ex: The judge scheduled a hearing to review the evidence presented by both parties. 
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custody
custody
[существительное]

a state in which a person is kept in jail or prison, particularly while waiting to be tried

задержание

задержание

Ex: The suspect was placed in custody pending a bail hearing. 
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declaration
declaration
[существительное]

(law) an official written document that people sign to agree on something or accept something as true

декларация

декларация

Ex: The parties signed a declaration of intent to formalize their agreement. 
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guilt
guilt
[существительное]

the state of having committed an offense or crime

виновность

виновность

Ex: He confessed his guilt to the crime during the interrogation. 
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innocence
innocence
[существительное]

the state of not being guilty of a crime or offense

невинность

невинность

Ex: He maintained his innocence throughout the investigation and trial. 
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legalization
legalization
[существительное]

the action or process of making something legal

легализация

легализация

Ex: The legalization of marijuana sparked debates about its potential benefits and drawbacks. 
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pro bono
pro bono
[прилагательное]

referring to a legal work that is done free of charge, often by a lawyer

общественный юрисконсульт, бесплатный адвокат

общественный юрисконсульт, бесплатный адвокат

Ex: The lawyer took on the case pro bono to help the low-income client access legal representation. 
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plea
plea
[существительное]

(law) a formal statement made by someone confirming or denying their accusation

заявление

заявление

Ex: The defendant entered a plea of not guilty to the charges. 
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testimony
testimony
[существительное]

a formal statement saying something is true, particularly made by a witness in court

свидетельство

свидетельство

Ex: The witness provided compelling testimony that corroborated the victim's account. 
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verdict
verdict
[существительное]

an official decision made by the jury in a court after the legal proceedings

приговор

приговор

Ex: The jury reached an unanimous verdict of guilty after deliberating for several hours. 
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warrant
warrant
[существительное]

an order issued by a judge that authorizes the police to take specific actions

ордер

ордер

Ex: The suspect's criminal history and behavior provided enough grounds to issue a search warrant. 
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applicable
applicable
[прилагательное]

relevant to someone or something in a particular context or situation

применимый

применимый

Ex: Please read the instructions carefully and fill out only the sections applicable to your situation. 
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invalid
invalid
[прилагательное]

officially or legally unacceptable

недействительный

недействительный

Ex: The judge ruled the contract invalid due to discrepancies in its terms. 
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judicial
judicial
[прилагательное]

belonging or appropriate for a court, a judge, or the administration of justice

судебный

судебный

Ex: The judicial branch of government oversees the interpretation and application of laws through courts and judges. 
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liable
liable
[прилагательное]

legally held accountable for the cost of something

ответственный

ответственный

Ex: The company was found liable for the damages caused by its faulty product. 
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regulatory
regulatory
[прилагательное]

creating and enforcing rules or regulations to control or govern a particular activity or industry

регулирующий

регулирующий

Ex: Compliance with regulatory requirements is essential for businesses operating in the financial sector. 
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undercover
undercover
[прилагательное]

working or conducted secretly under the supervision of a law enforcement agency to gather information or catch criminals

тайный

тайный

Ex: The undercover agent infiltrated the criminal organization to gather intelligence. 
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lethal
lethal
[прилагательное]

capable of causing death

смертельный

смертельный

Ex: The chemical spill released a lethal gas into the atmosphere, posing a serious risk to nearby residents. 
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to declare
to declare
[глагол]

to officially tell people something

объявлять, провозглашать

объявлять, провозглашать

Ex: The country's leaders gathered to declare their independence from colonial rule. 
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hearsay
hearsay
[существительное]

(law) restatement of other people's words by a witness in a law court, which is not counted as evidence

показания с чужих слов

показания с чужих слов

Ex: The judge ruled the testimony inadmissible because it was based on hearsay. 
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public prosecutor
public prosecutor
[существительное]

a lawyer employed by a government, whose job is to prove that a person is guilty of a crime in a law court

государственный обвинитель

государственный обвинитель

Ex: The public prosecutor presented compelling evidence during the trial. 
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to rat out
to rat out
[глагол]

to inform an authority about the wrongdoings or crimes of others

настучать

настучать

Ex: He ratted out a pair of colleagues so he could stay out of jail. 
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to pinch
to pinch
[глагол]

to take someone into custody

арестовать

арестовать

Ex: The police pinched him for shoplifting at the supermarket. 
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class action
class action
[существительное]

a lawsuit concerning a problem that is shared by a group of people, which is brought to a law court on behalf of all

коллективный иск, групповой иск

коллективный иск, групповой иск

Ex: The law firm filed a class action lawsuit on behalf of consumers affected by the defective product. 
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