pattern

Listahan ng mga Salita sa Antas C1 - Batas at Kaayusan

Dito matututo ka ng ilang mga salitang Ingles tungkol sa batas at kaayusan, tulad ng "isakdal", "pigilin", "abogado", atbp., inihanda para sa mga mag-aaral ng antas C1.

review-disable

Repasuhin

flashcard-disable

Flashcards

spelling-disable

Pagbaybay

quiz-disable

Pagsusulit

Simulan ang pag-aaral
CEFR C1 Vocabulary
to sue
[Pandiwa]

to bring a charge against an individual or organization in a law court

magdemanda, isakdal

magdemanda, isakdal

Ex: Last year , the author successfully sued the competitor for plagiarism .Noong nakaraang taon, matagumpay na **isinampa ng may-akda ang kaso** laban sa katunggali dahil sa plagiarism.
to acquit
[Pandiwa]

to officially decide and declare in a law court that someone is not guilty of a crime

absuwelto, ideklarang walang kasalanan

absuwelto, ideklarang walang kasalanan

Ex: The exoneration process ultimately led to the court 's decision to acquit the defendant of all charges .Ang proseso ng pagpapawalang-sala ay nagdulot sa huli sa desisyon ng hukuman na **absuwelto** ang nasasakdal sa lahat ng mga paratang.
to bail
[Pandiwa]

to release someone until their trial after they gave an amount of money to the court

palayain sa piyansa, magbayad ng piyansa

palayain sa piyansa, magbayad ng piyansa

Ex: The lawyer worked quickly to bail the defendant , offering the court a substantial sum .Ang abogado ay mabilis na nagtrabaho upang **palayain sa piyansa** ang nasasakdal, na nag-aalok sa hukuman ng isang malaking halaga.
to condemn
[Pandiwa]

to give a severe punishment to someone who has committed a major crime

hatulan, parusahan nang husto

hatulan, parusahan nang husto

Ex: The court condemned the drug lord to decades behind bars for trafficking large quantities of illegal substances .Hinatulan ng korte ang drug lord ng mga dekada sa likod ng rehas dahil sa pagtatraffic ng malalaking dami ng ilegal na substansiya.
to convict
[Pandiwa]

to announce officially that someone is guilty of a crime in a court of law

hatulan, ideklarang nagkasala

hatulan, ideklarang nagkasala

Ex: Over the years , the legal system has occasionally convicted high-profile figures for various offenses .Sa paglipas ng mga taon, paminsan-minsang **nahatulan** ng sistemang legal ang mga kilalang tao dahil sa iba't ibang pagkakasala.
to detain
[Pandiwa]

to officially hold someone in a place, such as a jail, and not let them go

arestuhin,  pigilan

arestuhin, pigilan

Ex: The store security may detain shoplifters until the arrival of law enforcement .Maaaring **pigilan** ng seguridad ng tindahan ang mga magnanakaw hanggang sa dumating ang mga awtoridad.
to enforce
[Pandiwa]

to ensure that a law or rule is followed

ipatupad, siguraduhin ang pagsunod

ipatupad, siguraduhin ang pagsunod

Ex: Security personnel enforce the venue 's rules to ensure the safety and enjoyment of all attendees .Ang mga tauhan ng seguridad ay **nagpapatupad** ng mga patakaran ng lugar upang matiyak ang kaligtasan at kasiyahan ng lahat ng dumalo.
to legislate
[Pandiwa]

to create or bring laws into effect through a formal process

magbatas, lumikha ng batas

magbatas, lumikha ng batas

Ex: The parliament is set to legislate a minimum wage increase in the next session .Ang parliyamento ay handa na **magpasa ng batas** para sa pagtaas ng minimum wage sa susunod na sesyon.
to prosecute
[Pandiwa]

to try to charge someone officially with a crime in a court as the lawyer of the accuser

usigin, paratangin

usigin, paratangin

Ex: He hired an expert to help prosecute the case , ensuring every legal angle was covered .Kumuha siya ng eksperto para tulungan na **ipaglaban** ang kaso, tinitiyak na sakop ang bawat legal na anggulo.
to testify
[Pandiwa]

to make a statement as a witness in court saying something is true

sumaksi, magpatotoo

sumaksi, magpatotoo

Ex: The court relies on witnesses who are willing to testify truthfully for a fair trial .Ang hukuman ay umaasa sa mga saksi na handang **magpatotoo** nang tapat para sa isang patas na paglilitis.
advocate
[Pangngalan]

an authorized practitioner of law who defends a person's case in a courtroom

abogado, tagapagtanggol

abogado, tagapagtanggol

Ex: The judge commended the advocate for their thorough preparation and professionalism during the trial .Pinuri ng hukom ang **abogado** para sa kanilang masusing paghahanda at propesyonalismo sa panahon ng paglilitis.

a law enforcement agency controlled by the central government that deals with crimes that involve more than one state

Pederal na Kawanihan ng Pagsisiyasat, Pederal na Buró ng Pagsisiyasat

Pederal na Kawanihan ng Pagsisiyasat, Pederal na Buró ng Pagsisiyasat

Ex: The Federal Bureau of Investigation has a rigorous training program for its new recruits , ensuring they are well-prepared for their duties .Ang **Federal Bureau of Investigation** ay may mahigpit na programa ng pagsasanay para sa mga bagong recruit nito, tinitiyak na handa sila para sa kanilang mga tungkulin.
cop
[Pangngalan]

someone who works as one of the members of a police force

pulis, kopa

pulis, kopa

Ex: The cops worked together to solve the complex case and bring the perpetrator to justice .Ang mga **pulis** ay nagtulungan upang malutas ang kumplikadong kaso at dalhin ang nagkasala sa hustisya.
plain-clothes
[pang-uri]

(of a police officer) dressed in civilian clothes while on duty

nakasuot ng sibilyan, nakadamit sibilyan

nakasuot ng sibilyan, nakadamit sibilyan

Ex: The plain-clothes team infiltrated the criminal organization to gather intelligence on their activities .Ang pangkat na **nakasibilyan** ay pumasok sa organisasyon ng kriminal upang mangalap ng impormasyon tungkol sa kanilang mga gawain.
handcuff
[Pangngalan]

a pair of rings made of metal with a chain attached to them, used for putting on the wrists of prisoners

posas, gapos

posas, gapos

Ex: She heard the distinct sound of handcuffs clicking shut as the police secured the suspect .Narinig niya ang natatanging tunog ng **posas** na isinara habang pinoprotektahan ng pulisya ang suspek.
patrol
[Pangngalan]

the act of going around a place at regular intervals to prevent a crime or wrongdoing from being committed

patrolya

patrolya

Ex: Neighborhood watch volunteers took turns patrolling the streets to deter vandalism and theft.Ang mga boluntaryo ng neighborhood watch ay nagturuan sa **pagtutrolya** sa mga kalye upang pigilan ang vandalismo at pagnanakaw.
defendant
[Pangngalan]

a person in a law court who is sued by someone else or is accused of committing a crime

nasasakdal, akusado

nasasakdal, akusado

Ex: The defendant remained composed throughout the trial , maintaining innocence despite the prosecution 's strong arguments .Ang **akusado** ay nanatiling kalmado sa buong paglilitis, pinapanatili ang kanyang kawalang-sala sa kabila ng malakas na argumento ng pag-uusig.
juvenile
[Pangngalan]

a young person who has not reached adulthood yet

bata, kabataan

bata, kabataan

Ex: The judge sentenced the juvenile to community service as part of their probation .Hinatulan ng hukom ang **batang** sa serbisyo sa komunidad bilang bahagi ng kanilang probation.
magistrate
[Pangngalan]

a person who acts as a judge in a law court and deals with minor offenses

mahistrado, hukom

mahistrado, hukom

Ex: Magistrates play a crucial role in the judicial system , handling a wide range of cases from traffic violations to minor criminal offenses .Ang mga **magistrado** ay may mahalagang papel sa sistemang panghukuman, na humahawak ng malawak na saklaw ng mga kaso mula sa mga paglabag sa trapiko hanggang sa maliliit na kriminal na pagkakasala.
outlaw
[Pangngalan]

a person who operates outside the boundaries of established rules and may engage in illegal activities

labag sa batas, tulisan

labag sa batas, tulisan

Ex: In the 1920s , Al Capone gained notoriety as a Chicago-based outlaw involved in organized crime .Noong 1920s, nakilala si Al Capone bilang isang **outlaw** na nakabase sa Chicago na sangkot sa organized crime.
bond
[Pangngalan]

(law) an amount of money paid to temporarily release a person from prison until their trial

piyansa, sangla

piyansa, sangla

Ex: The family pooled their resources to pay the bond and secure their loved one 's temporary freedom pending trial .Pinagsama-sama ng pamilya ang kanilang mga resources para bayaran ang **piyansa** at matiyak ang pansamantalang kalayaan ng kanilang mahal sa buhay habang naghihintay ng paglilitis.
court order
[Pangngalan]

an order given by a judge or court regarding a case

utos ng hukuman, kautusan ng korte

utos ng hukuman, kautusan ng korte

Ex: The court order provided clear instructions on the division of property following the divorce proceedings .Ang **utos ng hukuman** ay nagbigay ng malinaw na mga tagubilin sa paghahati ng ari-arian pagkatapos ng proseso ng diborsyo.
lawsuit
[Pangngalan]

a complaint or claim that someone brings to a law court for settlement

demanda, usapin

demanda, usapin

Ex: The lawsuit dragged on for years , causing financial strain on both parties involved .Ang **demanda** ay tumagal ng maraming taon, na nagdulot ng financial strain sa parehong partido na kasangkot.
hearing
[Pangngalan]

(law) an official gathering in a court of law, especially without the presence of the jury, to find out information about a case and listen to evidence

pagdinig, sesyon

pagdinig, sesyon

Ex: The judge called for a competency hearing to determine if the defendant was fit to stand trial .Hiniling ng hukom ang isang **pagdinig** sa kakayahan upang matukoy kung ang nasasakdal ay karapat-dapat na harapin ang paglilitis.
custody
[Pangngalan]

a state in which a person is kept in jail or prison, particularly while waiting to be tried

pag-iingat, pagkakakulong

pag-iingat, pagkakakulong

Ex: The inmate was released from custody after serving his sentence .Ang bilanggo ay pinalaya mula sa **pangangalaga** pagkatapos magsilbi ng kanyang sentensya.
declaration
[Pangngalan]

(law) an official written document that people sign to agree on something or accept something as true

deklarasyon

deklarasyon

Ex: The company issued a declaration of compliance with industry standards to assure consumers of their product 's safety .
guilt
[Pangngalan]

the state of having committed an offense or crime

kasalanan

kasalanan

Ex: She could n't shake the feeling of guilt after the accident , even though it was n't her fault .Hindi niya maalis ang pakiramdam ng **kasalanan** pagkatapos ng aksidente, kahit na hindi niya kasalanan.
innocence
[Pangngalan]

the state of not being guilty of a crime or offense

kawalang-sala, kalagayan ng hindi pagiging may kasalanan

kawalang-sala, kalagayan ng hindi pagiging may kasalanan

Ex: She was released from prison after DNA evidence proved her innocence.Siya ay pinalaya mula sa bilangguan matapos patunayan ng ebidensya ng DNA ang kanyang **kawalang-sala**.
legalization
[Pangngalan]

the action or process of making something legal

pagpapatibay ng batas, legalisasyon

pagpapatibay ng batas, legalisasyon

Ex: The country 's legalization of abortion was met with both support and opposition from various groups .Ang **pagbibigay-legal** sa aborsyon sa bansa ay tinanggap ng parehong suporta at pagtutol mula sa iba't ibang grupo.
pro bono
[pang-uri]

referring to a legal work that is done free of charge, often by a lawyer

pro bono, libre

pro bono, libre

Ex: Pro bono work allows legal professionals to contribute their expertise to important social causes .Ang trabahong **pro bono** ay nagbibigay-daan sa mga propesyonal sa legal na mag-ambag ng kanilang ekspertis sa mahahalagang panlipunang adhikain.
plea
[Pangngalan]

(law) a formal statement made by someone confirming or denying their accusation

pahayag, paninindigan

pahayag, paninindigan

Ex: The defense attorney argued for a reduction in charges based on the plea bargain negotiated with the prosecution.Ang abogado ng depensa ay nagtalo para sa pagbawas ng mga paratang batay sa **plea bargain** na napagkasunduan sa pag-uusap sa prosecution.
testimony
[Pangngalan]

a formal statement saying something is true, particularly made by a witness in court

patotoo, pahayag

patotoo, pahayag

Ex: The defense attorney cross-examined the witness to challenge the credibility of their testimony.Tiniyak ng abogado ng depensa ang saksi upang hamunin ang kredibilidad ng kanilang **pahayag**.
verdict
[Pangngalan]

an official decision made by the jury in a court after the legal proceedings

hatol, pasya

hatol, pasya

Ex: The media reported on the landmark verdict that set a new precedent in criminal law .Iniulat ng media ang **hatol** na nagtakda ng bagong precedent sa batas kriminal.
warrant
[Pangngalan]

an order issued by a judge that authorizes the police to take specific actions

utos

utos

Ex: He challenged the validity of the warrant, arguing that it lacked probable cause .Hinamon niya ang bisa ng **warrant**, na nag-aangking kulang ito sa malamang na dahilan.
applicable
[pang-uri]

relevant to someone or something in a particular context or situation

naaangkop, may-kinalaman

naaangkop, may-kinalaman

Ex: These principles are applicable across various industries and disciplines .Ang mga prinsipyong ito ay **naaangkop** sa iba't ibang industriya at disiplina.
invalid
[pang-uri]

officially or legally unacceptable

hindi wasto, walang bisa

hindi wasto, walang bisa

Ex: The warranty on the product became invalid after the customer attempted to repair it themselves .Ang warranty sa produkto ay naging **hindi na wasto** matapos subukang ayusin ng customer ito nang mag-isa.
judicial
[pang-uri]

belonging or appropriate for a court, a judge, or the administration of justice

panghukuman

panghukuman

Ex: Lawyers play a crucial role in presenting arguments and evidence before the judicial authorities .Ang mga abogado ay may mahalagang papel sa pagharap ng mga argumento at ebidensya sa harap ng mga awtoridad na **hudisyal**.
liable
[pang-uri]

legally held accountable for the cost of something

pananagutan, obligado

pananagutan, obligado

Ex: Businesses can be held liable for injuries sustained by customers on their premises .Ang mga negosyo ay maaaring **mananagot** sa mga pinsalang natamo ng mga customer sa kanilang lugar.
regulatory
[pang-uri]

creating and enforcing rules or regulations to control or govern a particular activity or industry

pampatupad, nagreregula

pampatupad, nagreregula

Ex: The airline industry is subject to strict regulatory oversight to ensure passenger safety .Ang industriya ng airline ay nasa ilalim ng mahigpit na **regulatory** na pangangasiwa upang matiyak ang kaligtasan ng mga pasahero.
undercover
[pang-uri]

working or conducted secretly under the supervision of a law enforcement agency to gather information or catch criminals

lihim, nakatago

lihim, nakatago

Ex: The undercover journalist exposed corruption in the local government through their investigative reporting .Ang **undercover** na mamamahayag ay naglantad ng katiwalian sa lokal na pamahalaan sa pamamagitan ng kanilang investigative reporting.
lethal
[pang-uri]

capable of causing death

nakamamatay, mapanganib sa buhay

nakamamatay, mapanganib sa buhay

Ex: The doctor warned that the patient 's cancer had progressed to a lethal stage , with limited treatment options available .Binalaan ng doktor na ang kanser ng pasyente ay umusad na sa isang **nakamamatay** na yugto, na may limitadong mga opsyon sa paggamot na available.
to declare
[Pandiwa]

to officially tell people something

ideklara, ipahayag

ideklara, ipahayag

Ex: He declared his intention to run for mayor in the upcoming election .**Ipinaalam** niya ang kanyang hangarin na tumakbo bilang alkalde sa darating na halalan.
hearsay
[Pangngalan]

(law) restatement of other people's words by a witness in a law court, which is not counted as evidence

tsismis

tsismis

Ex: The defense attorney cross-examined the witness to challenge the credibility of their hearsay testimony .Ang abogado ng depensa ay nag-cross-examine sa testigo upang hamunin ang kredibilidad ng kanilang **hearsay** na testimonya.
public prosecutor
[Pangngalan]

a lawyer employed by a government, whose job is to prove that a person is guilty of a crime in a law court

pampublikong tagausig, tagapagsakdal ng publiko

pampublikong tagausig, tagapagsakdal ng publiko

Ex: The public prosecutor's office works closely with law enforcement agencies to gather evidence for trials .Ang **pampublikong tagausig** ay malapit na nakikipagtulungan sa mga ahensya ng pagpapatupad ng batas upang mangalap ng ebidensya para sa mga paglilitis.
to rat out
[Pandiwa]

to inform an authority about the wrongdoings or crimes of others

magbunyag, magturo

magbunyag, magturo

Ex: He decided to rat out his colleagues involved in the illegal activities .Nagpasya siyang **isumbong** ang kanyang mga kasamahan na sangkot sa ilegal na mga gawain.
to pinch
[Pandiwa]

to take someone into custody

arestuhin, hulihin

arestuhin, hulihin

Ex: The detectives pinched the suspect as he tried to board the train.**Inaresto** ng mga detektib ang suspek habang sinusubukan nitong sumakay sa tren.
class action
[Pangngalan]

a lawsuit concerning a problem that is shared by a group of people, which is brought to a law court on behalf of all

klaseng aksyon, kolektibong demanda

klaseng aksyon, kolektibong demanda

Ex: Class action litigation often involves complex legal issues and extensive discovery processes .Ang **class action litigation** ay madalas na nagsasangkot ng mga kumplikadong legal na isyu at malawak na proseso ng discovery.
Listahan ng mga Salita sa Antas C1
LanGeek
I-download ang app ng LanGeek